Wilhelm Ebel (legal historian)

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Wilhelm Ebel (born June 7, 1908 in Garsuche near Rodeland , district of Ohlau ; † June 22, 1980 in Göttingen ) was a German legal historian .

Live and act

Wilhelm Ebel, whose father was a journeyman, passed the Abitur in Rößel in March 1927 . He then studied law , history and philology at the University of Königsberg , the University of Heidelberg and the University of Bonn until 1931 . He passed his first state examination in law in January 1931. This was followed by legal clerkship and academic auxiliary work in Bonn. In January 1933 he received his doctorate under Adolf Zycha . The second state examination in law followed in October 1934. In the same year he became assistant to Zycha at the University of Bonn. In June 1935 the habilitation took place there. In Marburg (1936) and Königsberg (1936/37) he held a substitute professorship for German law and after a substitute professorship (1937/38) took over a scheduled professorship for civil law , German private law, German legal history and at the University of Rostock in September 1938 Canon Law . From April 1939, initially as a deputy chair, he was appointed full professor of German legal history, civil and commercial law, agricultural and privatization law at the University of Göttingen in October 1939 as successor to Herbert Meyers .

Soon after the handover of power to the National Socialists , Ebel joined the NSDAP in early May 1933 ( membership number 3.144.638) and worked for the party in Bonn as a block leader and later as a local group leader. After completing his habilitation, he was a member of the Nazi lecturers' association. Ebel also worked for the SD from 1935 and was a close confidante of Heinrich Himmler . During his time in Rostock, he was, among other things, head of the district headquarters in the Mecklenburg Gaurechtsamt and steward of the NSDAP's legal faculty. From October 1938 he worked for the SS Ahnenerbe . He was also a lecturer in the Rosenberg office .

Soon after the beginning of the Second World War , he enlisted in the Waffen SS and, after completing his Unterführer training in Lublinitz , took part in the Western Campaign with the SS Death's Head Regiment I. In August 1940 he resumed teaching in Göttingen. He joined the Allgemeine SS (SS-Nr. 412.188) in 1941 and achieved the rank of SS-Untersturmführer there in the same year . After another brief war deployment with the Waffen SS, he was a member of the staff at the SS Leadership Main Office. He then became head of department for the area of ​​Indo-European-German legal history at the Race and Settlement Main Office (RuSHA) at the end of 1941 and dealt in this connection with marriage, settlement and inheritance law. From November 1941 Ebel was the Waffen-SS specialist for race and settlement and from October 1942 he worked as a department head in the SS-Ahnenerbe for the “legal history of the Germans in the East”. After his promotion to SS-Hauptsturmführer in 1943 , he returned to his chair in Göttingen.

After the end of the war, Ebel was removed from his post as professor by the Allies in May 1945 and he was then held as a prisoner of war until August 1947. He was then interned until 1948 and then earned his living by working for Gothaer Insurance . Because of the lack of evidence and the defense tactics Ebel to simply deny his position and his views during the Third Reich, he was able to achieve a classification as a "follower" in the arbitration chamber proceedings in March 1949. Nevertheless, the dean Hans Thieme , Ebel's successor to his chair, prevented Ebel from receiving a university teaching post in Göttingen. After Ebel had already received a teaching position in Göttingen in April 1952 under pressure from the Lower Saxony Ministry of Culture, he was reinstated as a full professor in March 1954. In April 1965 he retired due to health issues. However, Ebel managed the university archive in Göttingen until 1978.

His research focus was constitutional and legal history. In 1966 Ebel became a member of the Constance Working Group for Medieval History and from 1959 the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony . In 1961 Ebel became a corresponding member of the Historical Commission for Westphalia . For his research, Ebel was honored with the East Frisian Indigenous Society and the Golden Medal of Honor from the City of Lübeck (1967), the City of Goslar (1973) and the University of Kiel (1973). He was awarded the Brothers Grimm Prize from the Philipps University of Marburg .

Fonts (selection)

Monographs

  • Study of a Goslar council judgment book from the 16th century. Goettingen 1961.
  • Luebian law. Lübeck 1971.
  • The Göttingen professor Johann Stephan Pütter from Iserlohn. (= Göttingen legal studies. Volume 95). Göttingen 1975.
  • Legal history from Lower Germany. Göttingen 1978, ISBN 3-509-01030-2 .

Editorships

  • The Rostock original feuds. Studies on the history of German criminal law. Rostock 1938.
  • Lübeck council rulings. Volumes 1-3: 1421-1550. Volume 4: Supplements and Supplements 1297–1550. Göttingen 1955–1967.
  • The privileges and oldest statutes of the Georg August University in Göttingen. Goettingen 1961.
  • East Frisian peasant rights. Aurich 1964.
  • The town charter of Goslar. Goettingen 1968.
  • The register of the Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen 1837–1900. Hildesheim 1974.

literature

  • Michael Buddrus , Sigrid Fritzlar: The professors of the University of Rostock in the Third Reich. A biographical lexicon. Saur, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-598-11775-6 , pp. 119-121.
  • Catalogus professorum academiae Marburgensies 2: From 1911–1971, edited by Inge Auerbach, Marburg 1979, pp. 90–91.
  • Wilhelm Ebel. In: Jürgen Petersohn (Ed.): The Constance Working Group for Medieval History. The members and their work. A bio-bibliographical documentation (= publications of the Konstanz working group for medieval history on the occasion of its fiftieth anniversary 1951–2001. Volume 2). Thorbecke, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-7995-6906-5 , pp. 103-108 ( online )
  • Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. 2nd edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 , p. 123.
  • Götz Landwehr : Wilhelm Ebel. In: Journal of the Savigny Foundation for Legal History , German Department , Vol. 98 (1981), pp. 467–477.
  • Götz Landwehr: Wilhelm Ebel 1908–1980. In: Journal of the Association for Lübeck History and Antiquity , Vol. 60 (1980), pp. 214–217.
  • Eva Schumann (Ed.): Continuities and caesuras. Law and justice in the “Third Reich” and in the post-war period. Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2008, ISBN 978-3-8353-0305-8 , pp. 78–79, 116–120.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Wilhelm Ebel (Ed.): Curiosa iuris germanici. Göttingen 1968, p. 2.
  2. ↑ Michael Buddrus, Sigrid Fritzlar: The professors of the University of Rostock in the Third Reich. A biographical lexicon. Munich 2007, p. 121.
personal data
SURNAME Ebel, Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German legal historian
DATE OF BIRTH June 7, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Cooking search at Rodeland
DATE OF DEATH June 22, 1980
Place of death Goettingen