Jelcz-Laskowice
| Jelcz-Laskowice | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Oława | ||
| Area : | 17.06 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 2 ' N , 17 ° 21' E | ||
| Residents : | 15,803 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 55-230 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 71 | ||
| License plate : | DOA | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Wroclaw - Oława | ||
| Rail route : | Opole – Wroclaw | ||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 15 school offices | ||
| Surface: | 168.10 km² | ||
| Residents: | 23,323 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 139 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 0215033 | ||
| Administration (as of 2018) | |||
| Mayor : | Bogdan Szczęśniak | ||
| Address: | ul.Witosa 24 55-230 Jelcz-Laskowice |
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| Website : | www.jelcz-laskowice.pl | ||
Jelcz-Laskowice (German Jeltsch-Laskowitz ) is a city in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland . The industrial city is located 25 km southeast of Wroclaw on the right bank of the Oder on the Mühlbach ( Młynówka Jelecka ), an old branch of the Oder. Jelcz-Laskowice was created on January 1st, 1987 through the merger of the Jelcz and Laskowice Oławskie municipalities.
City structure
The city is divided into eight districts: Jelcz, Laskowice, Fabryczne, Komunalne, Domków Jednorodzinnych, Metalowców, XXXV-lecia and Ludwika Hirszfelda.
history
Jelcz
Jalche was first mentioned in 1245 in a bull by Pope Innocent IV , who confirmed the possession of the diocese of Wroclaw to Bishop Thomas of Wroclaw . A little later, Jeltsch was owned by the Piast dukes of Breslau. In the dispute over parts of the Duchy of Breslau , Boleslaw II of Liegnitz had his nephew Henry IV of Breslau attacked in Yeltsch in 1277 and took him prisoner at the Lehnhaus Castle . Since 1311 the place belonged to the Duchy of Liegnitz . Its duke, Boleslaw III. , kidnapped the episcopal administrator Nikolaus von Banz in his hunting lodge Jeltsch in 1323 . In the period after 1331 a castle was built on an island on the Oder. In 1343 Jeltsch, which never had town charter, is listed among the towns with castles in the duchies of Liegnitz and Brieg . From the middle of the 14th century ownership changed between the von Prittwitz- Laskowitz and the von Borschnitz-Jeltsch families . Bishop Konrad von Oels bought Jeltsch back in 1433, after his death in 1447 the von Kottulinsky (noble family) | Kottulinsky-Jeltsch became new owners. In 1508 the Breslau patrician Konrad Sauermann became the new master of Jeltsch. In 1518 he had the castle on the Oderinsel converted into a palace. In 1530 he was raised to the nobility and his descendants to the imperial baron in 1647 and to the Prussian count in 1798. Since 1569, the Jeltsch lordship had been combined with three other formerly episcopal estates to form entails .
In 1623 a fire destroyed the castle. The reconstruction was followed by the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War , in which the Saxons, the imperial and the Swedes occupied the place one after the other between 1634 and 1648 and devastated the castle again. The noble family, who called themselves von Saurma-Jeltsch since 1647, left the castle in ruins and took their seat in Laskowitz. In 1650, Matthäus Merian Jeltsch described Jeltsch as a small town based on old chronicles.
After the First Silesian War , Jeltsch fell to Prussia in 1742, along with most of Silesia . Due to the river regulation of the Oder in the second half of the 18th century, the remains of the castle were now on a tributary of the Oder. The one-story ruin was given a wooden tower in 1816 and found a new use as a brewery. In 1817 Gustav Graf von Saurma-Jeltsch moved back to his old headquarters in the hunting lodge and had a new palace built northeast of the village in 1829, which was expanded in 1886 and 1894.
From 1818 to 1945 Jeltsch belonged to the district of Ohlau . As a result of the Second World War, almost all of Silesia fell to Poland. The Counts of Saurma-Jeltsch were expropriated.
Laskowice Oławskie
The first news about Lazcoucki , later called Leonardow , comes from the time of Duke Heinrich I from 1203 and 1208. In 1293, Laskowitz was founded as a village under German law. Duke Heinrich IV had commissioned his personal cook to found a village in the Laskowitz Forest, thirteen kilometers north of Ohlau, of which 40 Hufen were reserved for the settlement of bakers, brewers and cooks for the ducal hunting lodge in neighboring Jeltsch. In the 14th century Laskowitz came into the possession of the von Prittwitz family , who also belonged to Jeltsch for a time. In 1558 Johann von Prittwitz had the Laskowitz Castle built. Later, the barons of Saurma-Jeltsch Laskowitz married in addition to their property. After the destruction of the Jeltsch Castle, Laskowitz was the ancestral seat of this noble family between 1650 and 1817. Johann Franz Freiherr von Saurma-Jeltzsch had the palace expanded considerably in 1779 and rebuilt in the classical style.
Like Jeltsch, Laskowitz belonged to the Prussian district of Ohlau since 1818 . With the construction of the railway from Breslau to Opole , Laskowitz received a station on this connection. This led to the settlement of industrial companies in the place. In 1937 the name Laskowitz was changed by the National Socialists in the course of the Germanization of the Silesian place names in the Third Reich in Markstädt .
During the Second World War, a satellite camp of the Groß Rosen concentration camp was set up in neighboring Fifthichen ( Miłoszyce ), and its prisoners began producing 125 mm caliber guns from December 1, 1943 to January 21, 1945 in the Bertha-Werken , a Kruppwerke outsourcing facility .
After the end of the Second World War, Laskowitz fell to Poland and was renamed Laskowice Oławskie .
In 1952, the Zakłady Samochodowe Jelcz automobile plant was built in Laskowice from the Bertha-Werke production facilities , which also produced buses until the partial insolvency in 2008. Since 2012, production has focused on trucks and military commercial vehicles, which will continue to be sold under the Jelcz brand . Diesel engines for Toyota are also manufactured in the city today .
traffic
The Jelcz-Laskowice railway station is on the Opole – Wrocław railway line , and the Jelcz Miłoszyce – Wrocław Sołtysowice freight railway branches off in Miłoszyce .
Sports
A marathon has been held in Jelcz-Laskowice every May 1st since 2002 .
local community
The urban and rural community Jelcz-Laskowice covers 168.1 km² with 22,000 inhabitants. In addition to the city, the following 15 Sołectwa (school offices) belong to the municipality :
- Biskupice Oławskie (Bischwitz), 320 inhabitants
- Brzezinki (Birksdorf), 89 inhabitants
- Chwałowice (Quallwitz), 253 inhabitants
- Dębina (Groß Dupine, 1936–1945: Groß Eichau), 226 inhabitants
- Dziuplina (Daupe), 336 inhabitants
- Grędzina (Trattaschine, 1937–1945: Hirschaue), 286 inhabitants
- Kopalina (Rodeland), 304 inhabitants
- Łęg (Lange), 109 inhabitants
- Miłocice (Mühlatschütz), 636 inhabitants
- Miłocice Małe (Klein Mühlatschütz), 105 inhabitants
- Miłoszyce (Meleschwitz, 1937–1945: Fifthichen), 911 inhabitants
- Minkowice Oławskie (Minken), 900 inhabitants
- Nowy Dwór (Neu Vorwerk) with Hanna, 244 residents
- Piekary (Beckern), 433 pop.
- Wójcice (Steindorf), 897 pop .
Town twinning
- Gudensberg , Germany (since October 13, 2010)
- Rtyně v Podkrkonoší , Czech Republic
Personalities
- Wilhelm Ebel (1908–1980), German legal historian
literature
- Andreas Wackwitz: History of the village and the parish Laskowitz. [O. O.] 1919. ([To ill. Extended new edition] Kalusche, Stuhr-Gr [oß] Ma [ckenstedt] 2009.)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
Gmina Domaniów ( St. Thomas Church ) | Jelcz-Laskowice (Jeltsch-Laskowitz) | Oława (Ohlau) | Gmina Oława