Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi

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Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi
Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi chose a grave complex in the Heidelberg Bergfriedhof for his wife Rosalina Salomon-Calvi, who died early . The family grave is in the Dept. Y. Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi itself rests in Ankara

Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi , b. as William Salomon , (born on 15. February 1868 in Berlin -. died 15. July 1941 in Ankara ) a German was Geologist (Exploration of the Upper Rhine Graben ), university professor of stratigraphy , paleontology and discoverer of Heidelberger Radium - Sole - thermal spring , which at Radium salts richest source in the world .

Live and act

Origin and family

His parents were the factory owner Adolf Salomon and Hulda, geb. Potocky Carnations (died 1892). He was born with Rosalina Salomon. Calvi (1869–1914) married who died young. After the death of his mother, Wilhelm Salomon converted from Judaism to the Roman Catholic faith , the confession of his wife Rosalina. After the marriage he also took his wife's maiden name and called himself Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi from then on.

Studies, private lecturer at the University of Pavia, professor at the Ruperto Carola Heidelberg

Salomon-Calvi studied at the Universities of Zurich , Leipzig and Berlin . In 1890 he was at the University of Leipzig with Ferdinand Zirkel with the thesis "Geological and petrographic studies at Monte Aviolo in the Italian share of Adamello" to Dr. rer. nat. PhD.

In 1893 he became a private lecturer at the University of Pavia and in 1897 at the University of Heidelberg , in that year Salomon-Calvi was also taught at the Ruprecht-Karls-University by Harry Rosenbusch with a text on "Age, storage form and origin of the periadriatic granitic-granular masses" habilitation.

In 1901 he was appointed associate professor for stratigraphy and paleontology in Heidelberg . In 1908 he took over the management of the newly founded Geological-Paleontological Institute of the university, which he led as a full professor from 1913 .

Research into the geophysical peculiarities of the Upper Rhine Graben

Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi researched in particular the tectonics of the Upper Rhine Rift . From the presence of a rapids in the Neckar , the so-called Hackteufel , between the Alter Brücke and the weir at the level of the Karlstor , and the very different, sometimes very high degrees of warmth of the spring water from various Heidelberg fountains , he concluded that there was an important thermal spring in the area. Under his leadership, after several unsuccessful boreholes on both sides of the Neckar, the successful drilling of the radium-brine thermal spring in the Bergheim district , a 27 degrees "warm and sufficiently powerful spring" , succeeded on August 14, 1918 at a depth of 998 meters .

Bad Heidelberg's bourgeois dream

Large sections of the population dreamed of a spa town of Bad Heidelberg . The architect Franz Sales Kuhn designed the bath house, the building for the radium brine bath, which was built in Vangerowstrasse, later housed an authority and was converted into an office building in 2000–2002. The outdoor swimming pool built next door still bears the name thermal bath after the buried Liselotte spring .

In 1957 the mineral spring dried up spontaneously due to the infiltration of foreign water . The city of Heidelberg did not drill again.

Withdrawal of the license to teach

In the course of the “cleansing” of the universities from the “Jewish spirit”, Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi was advised by the university management to give up his chair for stratigraphy and paleontology at the Ruperto Carola. After 37 years of teaching and research as a full professor at Heidelberg University, Salomon-Calvi resigned from his offices in 1933. The National Socialists appointed Julius Ludwig Wilser (1888–1949) as full professor as his successor .

In 1933, the city of Heidelberg withdrew his honorary citizenship from the university professor and discoverer of the Heidelberg radium brine thermal spring . Salomon-Calvi lost all associated rights and privileges.

emigration

Salomon-Calvi decided in 1934, now at the advanced age of 67, to emigrate to Ankara , Turkey . In exile , he created a modern central water supply for the young capital Ankara , which was founded under Kemal Ataturk .

Final resting place, remembrance

When Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi died in Ankara at the age of 73, the Turkish government ordered a state funeral because of his great merits and achievements for the state, city and population. Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi's body rests in the Cebeci municipal cemetery in Ankara.

The Salomon-Calvi burial site is located in Section Y of the Heidelberg Bergfriedhof . Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi chose as the tomb for his wife Rosalina Salomon, née Rosalina Salomon, who died early in 1918 at the age of 45. Calvi, a large menhir made of gray granite. Her life data and the life data of other family members who rest in this tomb are stamped in simple letters. In memory of Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi, the family recorded his life data with the note that he was laid to rest in Ankara, far from home .

Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi's place of work at Hauptstrasse 52 in Heidelberg

At the former geological institute of Ruperto Carola in Heidelberg Hauptstrasse No. 52, the Haus zum Riesen , a memorial plaque was put up in memory of Salomon-Calvi.

Honors

Fonts

  • Geological and palaeontological studies of the Marmolada. Palaeontographica, 42: 1st to 3rd row, pp. 1 - 210, plates I - VIII, Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1895
  • About Pseudomonotis and Pleuronectites. Journal of the German Geological Society, 52, 348 - 359, panel XIV, Berlin, 1900
  • Radium-rich petroleum brines and the problem of the origin of their radium, session reports of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences / Mathematical and Natural Science Class 1931 (2) , de Gruyter Berlin et al., 1931

literature

  • Portraits of expelled Ordinarii of the Ruperto Carola 1933–1945 Expelled university professors
  • Dorothee Mussgnug: The expelled Heidelberg lecturers. On the history of the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität after 1933 . Heidelberg 1988, pp. 73-75, 143 f.
  • H. Bagusche: Memory of Professor Salomon-Calvi . In: Heidelberger Fremdblatt 3 (1958), p. 8.
  • Joseph Walk (ed.): Short biographies on the history of the Jews 1918–1945. Edited by the Leo Baeck Institute, Jerusalem. Saur, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-598-10477-4 .
  • Salomon Wininger : Great Jewish National Biography . (Reprint of the 1925 edition of Chernivtsi). Kraus Reprint, Nendeln 1979, ISBN 3-262-01204-1
  • Heidelberg heads. The professors' portraits by Dénes v. Szebeny. Exhibition at Heidelberg University Museum, October 28, 2004 - January 23, 2005. Texts by Carsten Juwig and Reinhard Düchting. Heidelberg 2004. p. 62.
  • Dagmar Drüll: Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon 1803-1932 . (Ed.): Rectorate of the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität-Heidelberg. Springer Berlin Heidelberg Tokyo. 2012. 324 pp. ISBN 978-3642707612
  • Eike Michael Brunnengräber: "Our shop steward for Indian affairs in Heidelberg" Professor Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi, the Foreign Office and the work among Indian students during the First World War. In: Interdisciplinary Journal for Research on South Asia 4 (2018), pp. 24–45 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Salomon, Wilhelm: The drilling of the Heidelberg Radium-Sol-Therme and their geological conditions . In: Treatises of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences. Mathematical and natural science class. Berlin 1927, p. 13
  2. ↑ State Monument Preservation Baden-Württemberg: Former. Radium brine bath
  3. ^ Stadtwerke Heidelberg, permanent exhibition on the history of the thermal baths , first panel; accessed on September 2, 2018.
  4. ^ Julia Scialpi: The Heidelberg thermal bath. In: Yearbook on the history of the city of Heidelberg 2014, pp. 143–146. Edited by the Heidelberg History Association .
  5. ^ Members of the HAdW since it was founded in 1909. Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi. Heidelberg Academy of Sciences, accessed on June 11, 2016 .
  6. ↑ Member entry by Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi (with picture) at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on February 9, 2016.
  7. ^ Honorary members of the OGV
  8. ^ Anton Gruber: A fauna with preserved shells from the upper shell limestone (trochitic limestone) from Wiesloch near Heidelberg. Negotiations of the natural history and medical association in Heidelberg, Neue Reihe 17, 1932, pp. 243-325
personal data
SURNAME Salomon-Calvi, Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Salomon, Wilhelm (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geologist and geoscientist
DATE OF BIRTH February 15, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH July 15, 1941
Place of death Ankara