Wolfgang Marschner

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Wolfgang Marschner (born May 23, 1926 in Dresden ; † March 24, 2020 ) was a German violinist , violin teacher, composer and conductor .

Life

Wolfgang Marschner was born in Dresden in 1926. He came from an old family of musicians, the most famous representative of which is the opera composer Heinrich Marschner (1795–1861). At the age of four he became the youngest member of the orchestra school of the Staatskapelle Dresden . When he was nine years old he made his debut with Tartini's Devil's Trill Sonata and continued his studies at the age of fourteen at the Mozarteum Salzburg , where, inspired by Váša Příhoda , Clemens Krauss and Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari , he performed his 1st Divertimento for string quartet under the Conducted by the first concertmaster of the Mozarteum orchestra . At the age of almost seventeen Marschner was conscripted into military service and was only able to continue his studies in Hamburg with Erich Röhn , the excellent concertmaster of the Berlin Philharmonic , after the end of the war . At the same time, at the age of nineteen, he became the soloist, concertmaster and second conductor of the Hanover Opera House Orchestra and played Brahms' violin concerto with Franz Konwitschny , who engaged him to give further concerts with the Staatskapelle Dresden and the Gewandhausorchester Leipzig . In 1947 he became concertmaster of the WDR Symphony Orchestra in Cologne , with whom he played the German premiere of William Walton's violin concerto and took over the production of the operetta Ein Walzertraum by Oscar Straus with the Viennese singer Gretl Schörg overnight as conductor .

Wolfgang Marschner died in March 2020 at the age of 93.

The teacher

At the age of twenty-six, Marschner became a professor at the Folkwang University in Essen and then taught at the Cologne University of Music from 1958 to 1963 . As the first violinist of the Cologne String Quartet with Maurits Frank , the cellist of the Amar Hindemith Quartet , he combined the worldwide engagement of the quartet in a universal manner with his duties as a soloist, conductor, composer and teacher. As a representative of the German violin school, he was also a professor at the Tokyo University of Fine Arts and Music and from 1963/64 at the Freiburg im Breisgau University of Music . Marschner gave master classes in Beijing, Ankara, London, Weimar, Warsaw, at Łańcut Castle in Poland and in St. Petersburg. He was a juror at many international competitions and founded in 1976 in Freiburg i.Br. the international violin competition "Ludwig Spohr". He had his own "Wolfgang Marschner Chamber Orchestra" in the 1970s. Marschner founded the " Deutsche Spohr Academy " (international master classes for violin, viola, cello), and in the Black Forest there has been the Marschner Festival Hinterzarten since 1976 to promote young artists with the performance of little-played masterpieces of chamber music for strings. This has been held since 1992 in connection with a three-year International Marschner Competition for violin and viola as well as the international violin making and violin sound competition "Jacobus Stainer" initiated by Marschner . Marschner continued as director of the “Pflüger Foundation”, which maintains a special school in its own building with its own teachers, and which teaches young string musicians up to the age of 16 and encourages their students and guests to play chamber music. Marschner was also in charge of the Mario Musik Verlag in Freiburg.

It was an urgent matter for Marschner to devote himself to the study of the New Vienna School , which was banned in Germany before 1945, with the focus on Arnold Schönberg . His path led through the "Kranichsteiner Music Prize" in 1954 to many works by representatives of this group and their successors.

The virtuoso

His record recording of the Violin Concerto op.36 by Arnold Schönberg with Michael Gielen and the SWF Symphony Orchestra Baden-Baden with the American company Vox (coupled with Schönberg's Piano Concerto with Alfred Brendel ) was followed by numerous concerts. As examples of Marschner's intensive study of the Second Viennese School, performances by

First and world premieres

From the variety of Marschner's premieres we should mention: Luigi Nono's Il Varianti in Palermo, violin concertos by Winfried Zillig with Hans Schmidt-Isserstedt in Hamburg, by Bernd Alois Zimmermann in Cologne, by Igor Stravinsky in Cairo.

In 1959, Marschner premiered the revised version of Karl Amadeus Hartmann's Concerto funebre in Braunschweig with the local state theater band under Heinz Zeebe . At the Donaueschinger Musiktage he played works by Karlheinz Stockhausen ( Sonatina for violin at the piano from 1951, with Stockhausen himself at the piano), as well as works by Pierre Boulez, by Schoenberg's student Eduard Steuermann , by the Australian Don Banks, whose proms were for him Appearance violin concerto written in 1968 with the BBC Symphony Orchestra under Del Mar, as well as by Raphaël Cendo . In the International Summer Courses for New Music 1957 z. B. he performed Giacomo Manzoni's Seconda piccola suite per violino e pianoforte with Aloys Kontarsky and “4!” By Franco Evangelisti , Due piccoli pezzi per pianoforte e violino from 1954.

The composer

Marschner's string concerts occupy a central position in his work.

  • At the premiere of his First Violin Concerto with the Dresden Staatskapelle and Thomas Egel as soloist, which Marschner conducted himself, the Dresden press described the concert as an “important contemporary work”. In performances with the Rostov-on-Don Philharmonic and the Voronezh Symphony Orchestra , also with the composer as conductor and the Russian violinist Olga Pogorelova , it was described as one of the best instrumental concerts of the twentieth century. It had particular success in Odessa, with the New Polish Philharmonic, with the Max Bruch Philharmonic in Sondershausen and with the Beethoven Festival Orchestra in Rome and the German soloist Ariane Mathäus as well as in Zagreb with the local Philharmonic Orchestra.
  • The high-level performances of the Second Violin Concerto with Rainer Kussmaul and the American violinist Oleg Kryssa in Weimar as well as his own interpretations met with a great response from Japanese experts, at the Kirishima Festival, in Tokyo and Osaka.
  • Marschner's viola concerto with himself as a soloist was also premiered in Tokyo. Since then, many violists have added it to their repertoire as a symphonic enrichment, and it was played with an overwhelming audience response at the Sondershausen International Masterclasses by the Loh Orchestra "Max Bruch Philharmonie", conducted by the Japanese conductor Hiroaki Masuda , as well as in Saint Petersburg.
  • The cello concerto is dedicated to the Italian solo cellist at La Scala in Milan, Alfredo Persichilli , who also played the world premiere in Rome and was the soloist of the German premiere with the Baden-Baden Philharmonic.

Works

Orchestral works

  • Symphony No. 1 Don Symphony , UA Sinf.Orch.Voronezh 1998 Dir. W. Marschner
  • Symphony No. 2 for string orchestra , WP Spohr Philharmonic
  • Symphony No. 3 based on pictures by Hans Thoma , WP Festival Hinterzarten
  • Concerto No. 1 for violin and orchestra , premier Dresden Staatskapelle
  • Concerto No. 2 for violin and string orchestra , Weimar - Kryssa. Tokyo - Marchers 2003
  • Concerto No. 3 for violin, organ, choir and orchestra
  • Liguria Fantasy for orchestra , WP WDR Cologne
  • Concerto for clarinet and orchestra 1949
  • Andante Lirico for string orchestra , EA Osaka chamber orchestra
  • Concert for viola and orchestra , UA Geida Orchester Tokyo 2004
  • Concerto for violoncello and orchestra , UA Philharmonic Rome, Persichilli
  • Paganini Variations for violin and orchestra , UA Kirishima Festival Japan
  • Concertante for violin ∙ violoncello and orchestra , UA Lancut Festival Poland 2002
  • Trittico for violin ∙ viola and violoncello , UA New Polish Philharmonie 2004
  • Fantasie Espagnole for violin and orchestra , WDR Cologne 1951

Chamber music

  • Epilog for piano quartet , Lenzerheide Swiss Music Weeks
  • Piano Trio , Reger Trio Rome
  • Liguria for two pianos , Pogorelov Duo Russia
  • String quartet sonnet , Beethoven Festival Sutri Skiba Quartet
  • Canto notturno for violin and organ
  • Rondo brilliant for violin and piano
  • German epigrams for two violas
  • Sonata for violin solo
  • Rhapsody for viola solo

Cadences

to violin concertos by

  • Mozart in B flat major ∙ D major ∙ Beethoven ∙ Schumann ∙ Brahms ∙ Wolf-Ferrari. Spohr Violin Concerto No. 8 in A minor "in the form of a singing scene"

Honors

  • 1986: Cross of Merit on Ribbon of the Federal Republic of Germany
  • Honorary gift of the city of Sondershausen June 11, 2006
  • Honorary member of the Max Bruch Society
  • Honor plate from the community of Hinterzarten on September 25, 2011

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Friedrich Herzfeld (Ed.): The new Ullstein Lexicon of Music. Ullstein, Frankfurt am Main / Berlin 1989, p. 437 and
    GEMA News No. 173, June 2006 p. 82  (     page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.gema.de  
  2. ↑ Obituary
  3. ^ David Cummings: International Who's Who in Music and Musicians' Directory. International Biographical Center , Melrose Press, Ely, Cambridgeshire, 2003, p. 416
  4. ↑ Fred Hamel: Musica: Monthly for all areas of musical life . Bärenreiter-Verlag, Kassel 1973, p. 477
  5. ^ MIZ German Music Information Center
  6. ^ Badische Zeitung v. Sept 9, 2008
  7. ↑ www.kulturfoerderung.org. Dizk: Hermann and Gertrud Pflüger Foundation
  8. ^ "Kranichsteiner Musikpreis": Prize winners ( memento from June 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on December 5, 2012
  9. ↑ Vox PL10530, 1958
    Compton Mackenzie, Christopher Stone: The Gramophone . Harrow 1957, p. 451: "unusually expert {...} a record that nobody who has the interests of living music at heart can afford to miss"
  10. ^ British Council (ed.): Music in Britain . London 1959, p. 20
  11. ↑ The Music Magazine and Musical Courier Vol.CLXIV (1962), No. 1, p. 37
  12. ^ Andrew D. McCredie, Kenneth Walter Bartlett: Karl Amadeus Hartmann . (= Paperbacks on musicology 74). Verlag Heinrichshofen, Wilhelmshaven 1980, ISBN 3-7959-0297-5 , p. 109, 199. online
  13. ^ Robin Maconie: Other planets the music of Karlheinz Stockhausen . Scarecrow Press, Lanham / Toronto / Oxford 2005, p. 38
  14. ↑ All Music Guide. WikiAnswers.com
  15. ↑ National Music Council (Ed.): The Music yearbook of Great Britain . London 1973, p. 743
  16. ↑ Information brochure of the city of Sondershausen, p. 43 (PDF file; 7.01 MB), accessed on December 5, 2012
  17. ↑ Christopher Fifield: Max Bruch. His life and works . Boydell, Woodbridge 2005, ISBN 1-84383-136-8 , p. 353, extract accessed December 5, 2012
  18. ^ Badische Zeitung, September 8, 2011 , accessed December 5, 2012
personal data
SURNAME Marschner, Wolfgang
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German violinist, conductor and composer
DATE OF BIRTH May 23, 1926
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH March 24, 2020