Yambol

	Yambol (Ямбол)
Basic data
State :	Bulgaria
Oblast :	Yambol
Residents :	70,224 (December 31, 2016)
Area :	91 km²
Population density	771.7 inhabitants / km²
Coordinates :	42 ° 29 ' N , 26 ° 30' E Coordinates: 42 ° 29 '0 " N , 26 ° 30' 0" E
Height :	114 m
Postal code :	8600
Telephone code :	(+359) 046
License plate :	Y
administration
Mayor :	Georgi Slavov
Website :	yambol.dir.bg

Location of Yambol (Yambol) in Bulgaria (center); Neighboring towns: Sliven , Nowa Sagora , Elchowo , Karnobat , Aytos , Kotel , Veliko Tarnowo , Stara Sagora , Dimitrovgrad , Charmanli , Svilengrad

Jambol [ ˈjamboɫ ] ( Bulgarian Ямбол ) is a city in southeastern Bulgaria . It is the administrative center of the administrative district of the same name ( Yambol Oblast : 4400 km², 4% of the territory of Bulgaria) and the municipality of the same name.

geography

The city lies in the middle of the Upper Thracian Plain on a hill on the north bank of the river Tundscha (Bulgarian Тунджа). The river surrounds the old town on three sides.

Yambol is located 10 km south of the Sofia-Burgas motorway , 93 km from the Black Sea .

The next bigger places are: Elchowo , Karnobat , Sliwen , Nowa Sagora .

history

The ancient Greek name of the city is Dianopolis (Дианополис). The fertile Tundschatal had been inhabited for thousands of years. More than 30 discovered Tell settlements in the urban area and the vicinity of Jambol are evidence of this . Archaeological excavations took place on the settlement mounds of Weselinowo (с. Веселиново), Ratschewa- (Рачева-) and Martschewa-Mogila (Марчева-могила). Settlement ranges from the Neolithic to the Copper Age and the Bronze Age .

Not far from Jambol was the Thracian royal city of Kabile (recorded on the Tabula Peutingeriana as Cabilis), which was built in the 4th century BC. By Philip of Macedonia and 72 BC. . AD by the Roman general Lucullus was conquered. Kabile was destroyed by the Avars in 583 .

The history of today's Yambol begins with the year 293 AD, when Emperor Diocletian undertook a trip that took him from Hadrianopel ( Edirne ) via Stara Sagora and Plovdiv to Serdica ( Sofia ). He also came to the area of today's Jambol, where he founded a city in honor of Zeus: Diospolys (City of Zeus).

In its long history, Yambol has had a wide variety of names: Diospolys (Диосполис), Dampolys (Дамполис), Djampolis (Дямполис), Hiampolis (Хиамполис), Dinibuli (Диамполис), Dinibuli (уиосполис), Диниблин (), убибулин), уибибулин (), Динибулин), Динибулин), Dabilin (Динибулин), Dabilin (Динибулин), уибибулин), Динибулин), Динибулин Jambolu (Ямболу), Jamboli (Ямболи). The name Grenboel (Гренбоел) has been passed down from western historical sources.

Despite great resistance, the city was captured by the Ottomans in 1373 after a long siege.

Parts of the medieval fortress and towers have been preserved to this day. Two important architectural monuments from the 16th century have been preserved in the city center from the time of Turkish rule in Bulgaria: a besisten (covered market), which is unique in Bulgaria due to its good state of preservation, and the Ottoman Eski mosque (Ески джамия) .

The Yambol Historical Museum displays archaeological finds from the area and a folklore collection.

The old churches of Sweti Georgi (Свети Георги - St. Georgi) and Sweta Troiza (Света Троица - Holy Trinity ) are also well preserved . Bulgarian traditions were maintained in them during the 500 years of Turkish rule.

Yambol was liberated by the Russian army on July 23, 1829, but remained in Turkish hands until 1878 after the Treaty of Adrianople .

In January 1878, Yambol was again liberated from the Turks during the Russo-Turkish War. On this occasion, the Holy Alexander Nevsky Shrine (Свети Александър Невски) was built near Yambol on the Bakajik mountain peak (Бакаджик) .

Since 2002, the city has given its name to Yambol Peak , a mountain on Livingston Island in Antarctica.

Military bases

Airship hangar Yambol

During the First World War , Yambol was the southernmost military airship port of the Imperial German armed forces, which they used for reconnaissance flights and bomb flights to Romania , Russia , Sudan and Malta . On November 21, 1917, the Africa Zeppelin LZ 104 set off from here on its record-breaking voyage to supply Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck and his protection force for German East Africa . However, it had to turn around and landed back in Yambol on November 25th.

10 km west of Yambol is the Besmer Air Force Base , one of the United States' military bases in Bulgaria .