Yılmaz Güney

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Yılmaz Güney's grave in the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris .

Yılmaz Güney , actually Yılmaz Pütün , (born April 1, 1937 in Adana , † September 9, 1984 in Paris ) was a Turkish actor , film director , screenwriter , film producer and writer of Kurdish - Zaza descent. Güney often plays the leading role in his works. In addition to the murder of judge Sefa Mutlu in 1974, he gained attention in Turkey through Mafia and socialist films. Yilmaz Güney is widely worshiped by Diaspora Kurds because of his nationalist views.

biography

Yılmaz Güney was an Alevite of Zaza on her father's side and Kurdish on her mother's side . According to his own claim, he came from a very poor background. His mother was from the province of Şanlıurfa , his father from Varto , Province Muş . As a student at Ankara University , he met the director Atıf Yılmaz , with whom he made his first films. He often played the poor and oppressed person who, in spite of everything, does not give up. After the military coup in 1960 , he was imprisoned for publishing communist writings.

In 1970 he achieved the decisive artistic breakthrough as a director with Umut - The Hope . He was also internationally successful as a filmmaker.

Yılmaz Güney has been arrested several times for links with underground socialist organizations. In 1971 he was sentenced to 2 years imprisonment for discovering that he was hiding the murderers of Efraim Elrom, including Mahir Cayan and members of "The Liberation Party". He married Fatoş in 1970, with whom he had a son, also named Yılmaz, in 1971.

Güney murdered judge Sefa Mutlu in Yumurtalık on July 13, 1974 . Güney was arrested for murder and sentenced in 1976 to 19 years in prison. From which he fled after 5 years during his imprisonment leave in 1981. During this detention he wrote the scripts for the two films Sürü - the herd and Yol - the way . Yol - the path was turned twice. Once by successful director Erden Kıral and the second time by Şerif Gören. Erden Kiral couldn't work with Güney, whereupon Güney had the film re-shot. Gören changed the film on his own initiative, which is why he was instrumental in its success. However, Güney left him out. Instead, the film was presented as 'a Yilmaz Güney film'. It was also advertised with misinformation in order to be more successful in Europe. Güney claimed the film was made and shot while in custody. That is only partially true, because Güney was personally in Paris for processing. His arrest was also labeled political instead of his murder. He was also sitting on the Imralı prison island . After his escape, Yılmaz Güney went to France with his wife , where he spent the rest of his life. His Turkish citizenship was revoked because of his flight and propaganda . In 1983 he founded the Kurdish Institute in Paris with other Kurdish nationalists .

His most famous film is Yol - The Way . For him he received the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival in 1982 . The actual director was Serif Gören, who wanted to help his friend in custody. Güney consciously never addressed this. In 1983 he was refused entry to a screening of the film in Germany by the federal government on the grounds that his presence "as an exponent of the extreme left ... would lead to violent clashes between the various Turkish groups in the Federal Republic of Germany". His last film, Duvar , was produced in France with financial support from the French government.

Güney died of stomach cancer in 1984 and was buried in the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris .

Assassination of Sefa Mutlu

In 1974 Güney shot and killed the judge Sefa Mutlu while under the influence of alcohol in a casino. Yilmaz Güney was in Yumurtalik with the film crew and friends for the filming of Endişe (“Care”) . In the late evening the group celebrated in a casino. Known as a gun fanatic, Güney, who is said to have bullied several people with guns, shot several times in the air. Thereupon the casino owner asked Güney not to do this because the customers did not feel comfortable. Güney, known for his tantrums, threatened the owner and pointed the gun at him. Güney later claimed to have fired the gun just for the sound as they were still working on the film. However, the weapon was illegal and there was no sound engineer at the table.

The casino owner reported to Judge Sefa Mutlu, who was also in the casino and who then ordered Güney to come to him. When the casino owners this Yilmaz Güney said increased his rage and he still shot into the air as loud as he insults "I fuck so a judge!" Hinausbrüllte. In his fit of anger, colleague and director Serif Gören was injured in the hand. Judge Sefa Mutlu came to them and intervened. After a few words, the drunk Güney shot Sefa Mutlu in the head at close range. The judge died immediately and Güney was arrested for murder. Yilmaz Güney, on the other hand, was known as a gun freak, which is why he often carried illegal weapons with him.

Fearing possible damage by Güney's supporters or his fame, almost all of the eyewitnesses claimed to have been to the bathroom when the incident occurred.

When the gendarmerie arrived, there were hardly any other witnesses in the casino apart from Güney. Güney claimed not to have committed any murder. The murder weapon was not found. It wasn't until the next day that Güney's nephew arrived at the police station with the gun and claimed to have committed the murder. The lie was immediately exposed, whereupon Güney changed his statement and claimed he had defended himself. Güney was sentenced to 19 years in prison in 1976. After five years, he fled in 1981 while on leave. The murder is clearly proven. Attempts to bribe witnesses caused scandals at the time.

For years, Güney's friends, relatives and supporters threatened the family and relatives of the murdered Sefa Mutlu.

“The media manipulated the matter. Yilmaz Güney was adored. He's a murderer. We later learned that Ataol Behramoğlu and Elia Kazan, of Armenian descent, helped him escape. Ataol Behramoglu's little brother, Namık Kemal Behramoglu, was the prosecutor in Yumurtalik at the time of the incident. That was planned. "

- Hatice Mutlu (mother of the murdered Sefa Mutlu)

Films (selection)

  • 1959: Alageyik, Bu vatanın çocukları
  • 1963: İkisi de Cesurdu
  • 1964: Her Gün Ölmektense, Kamalı Zeybek-Koçero
  • 1965: Kasımpaşalı, Kasımpaşalı Recep, Konyakçı, Krallar Kralı
  • 1966: Aslanların Dönüşü, Eşref Paşalı, Hudutların Kanunu, Yedi Dağın Aslanı, Tilki Selim
  • 1967: At Hırsızı Banuş, Şeytanın Oğlu
  • 1968: Azrail Benim, Kargacı Halil
  • 1969: Belanın Yedi Türlüsü, Cesur
  • 1970: Umut  : Hope
  • 1970: İmzam Kanla Yazılı, Sevgili Muhafızım, Şeytan Kayaları
  • 1970: Yiğit Yaralı Olur (director: Ertem Göreç, leading roles: Yılmaz Güney, Hülya Koçyiğit ) 35mm black and white film
  • 1970: Yedi Belalilar
  • 1974: Zavallilar (The Poor), Arkadaş (Friend)
  • 1979: Sürü - The Herd
  • 1982: Yol - The Way
  • 1984: Duvar , "The Wall"

Movie count

Books

Yilmaz Güney wrote several novels. Most of which never succeeded. His only successful novel is "Boynu bükük öldüler" ("They died with bowed head") from 1971. For this he received the 1972 Orhan Kemal Literature Prize .

documentary

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helga Fitzner: Homage to Yilmaz Güney Kultura-Extra February 2003
  2. ↑ On the death of the film director: Yilmaz Güney . In: ZEIT ONLINE . ( zeit.de [accessed on August 27, 2018]).
  3. ↑ Güney, Çayan'ı bu arabada sakladı - Milliyet Haber. March 5, 2016, accessed May 22, 2019 .
  4. ↑ DIED: Yilmaz Güney . In: Der Spiegel . tape 38 , September 17, 1984 ( spiegel.de [accessed August 27, 2018]).
  5. ↑ a b Röportaj: Yenal BİLGİCİ Fotoğraf: Emre YUNUSOĞLU: Küçük deliliklerin ve büyük nefeslerin insanlarıydı onlar. Retrieved May 22, 2019 (Turkish).
  6. ↑ Fotoğraflar Osman Oğuzhan ERDEN: 'Yol' ısmarlama bir filmdi. Retrieved May 22, 2019 (Turkish).
  7. ^ German Bundestag: Plenary Protocol 10/8. May 19, 1983, SS 358, p. 359 , accessed on August 27, 2018 .
  8. ↑ iha.com.tr: 'Yılmaz Güney, eşi Nebahat Çehre'yi öldüresiye dövüyordu'. Retrieved May 22, 2019 (Turkish).
  9. ↑ a b c haberaktuel: Hakim Sefa Mutlu'nun 95 yaşındaki annesi çok tepkili. In: Haber Aktuel. November 19, 2010, accessed on May 22, 2019 (tr-TR).
  10. ↑ a b c d Yılmaz Güney'in 1974'te Öldürdüğü Yumurtalık Hakimi: Sefa Mutlu. Retrieved May 22, 2019 (Turkish).
  11. ^ Yilmaz Güney: Adana-Paris. In: IMDb . Retrieved August 18, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Güney, Yılmaz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Yılmaz Pütün
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Turkish-Kurdish actor and director
DATE OF BIRTH April 1, 1937
PLACE OF BIRTH Adana
DATE OF DEATH September 9, 1984
Place of death Paris