Yorck (ship, 1906)
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The Reichspostdampfer Yorck was the seventh ship of the general class of the North German Lloyd for service to East Asia and Australia. It was named after Count Yorck von Wartenburg (1759-1830), the Prussian field marshal and founder of the noble family Yorck von Wartenburg .
The ship supported the cruiser squadron in World War I and was interned in Valparaíso in October 1914 . In 1921 she was one of the six ships that were included in the Columbus Agreement and could remain with the NDL.
She was one of the first post-war passenger ships of the NDL and was mainly used on the North Atlantic. In 1933 the former Reichspostdampfer was scrapped.
history
In 1903 and 1904 Norddeutsche Lloyd received the first five ships of the Feldherren class for its Reichspostdampferlinien. The Yorck was the second ship of the six replicas delivered from 1906 to 1908 and the third ship delivered by the Gdansk shipyard. It was completed at Schichau for 4.04 million gold marks on November 4, 1906, and also delivered two more ships of the general class.
The Yorck began her maiden voyage to New York on November 23, 1906, followed by a second voyage in January 1907 and a third voyage in March 1909. On February 20, 1907, it was first used as a Reichspostdampfer to Australia . She made a total of four trips there, the last one began on November 25, 1908.
On October 23, 1907, the first of 17 trips from Europe to East Asia began .
In 1910, Duke Johann Albrecht zu Mecklenburg and his wife traveled by ship to Shanghai .
War effort
When the First World War broke out in August 1914, the Yorck was in Japan. She left Yokohama on August 4, 1914 under Captain Löser and went as a supply ship with 3000 tons of coal, provisions and other consumer goods to the East Asia Squadron under Vice Admiral Graf Spee in Pagan ( Mariana Islands ). The Yorck crossed the Pacific Ocean with the squadron . After the sea battle at Coronel on November 1, 1914, the Yorck gave all remaining supplies in St. Quentin Bay to the squadron and was released. She ran at Valparaíso and was interned there on October 28, 1914 . The crew destroyed the machine to prevent unauthorized use.
After the end of the war, the Yorck returned to Germany in 1920 (like her sister ship Seydlitz ) because of the destroyed machine in tow.
Post-war use
Due to the Columbus Agreement of August 1921 (like the Seydlitz and Gotha and the three freighters Göttingen , Holstein and Westphalia ), the ship did not need to be delivered to the victorious powers, because the North German Lloyd owned the six ships during post-war reconstruction (the largest remaining ship was the tender Gruessgott , 725 GRT) more important than a 32,000 GRT Atlantic steamer . The Columbus (I), commissioned in 1913 from Schichau in Danzig , came to the White Star Line as Homeric .
After repair and reconstruction, measured with 8976 GRT, the Yorck had facilities for 795 passengers only in the II and III. Class. On March 11, 1922, she went on her first post-war trip to New York. In October 1926 she was also used again in East Asia. In April 1927 the ship was rebuilt and received a passenger facility with a cabin, tourist and III. Class. She now went to Baltimore and made a Baltic Sea and Nordland cruise in 1927. Another Nordland cruise followed in 1928. The York was also used in liner service to Havana and Galveston . The Yorck was launched in 1929 and canceled in 1933 at the NDL shipyard.
literature
- Carl Herbert: War voyages of German merchant ships . Broschek & Co, Hamburg, 1934.
- Arnold Kludas : The History of German Passenger Shipping. Volume 3: Rapid growth 1900 to 1914. Ernst Kabel Verlag, Hamburg 1988, ISBN 3-8225-0039-9 ( writings of the German Maritime Museum 20).
- Arnold Kludas: The ships of the North German Lloyd. Volume 1: 1857 to 1919. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1991, ISBN 3-7822-0524-3 .
- Christine Reinke-Kunze: History of the Reichs-Post-Steamers. Connection between the continents 1886–1914. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1994, ISBN 3-7822-0618-5 .
- Claus Rothe: German ocean passenger ships. 1896 to 1918 . Steiger Verlag, Moers 1986, ISBN 3-921564-80-8 .
- Reinhart Schmelzkopf: The German Merchant Shipping 1919–1939 . Stalling, Oldenburg-Hamburg, 1974, ISBN 3-7979-1847-X .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Kludas: NDL Seeschiffe 1857–1919. P. 130
- ↑ Kludas, Passenger Shipping, Vol. III, p. 158
- ^ The Regent of Braunschweig in Shanghai, in: Berliner Tageblatt, June 4, 1910, p. 5.
- ↑ Herbert, p. 67
- ^ Herbert, p. 71
- ↑ melt head, p. 40
- ^ Kludas, Passenger Shipping, Vol. IV, p. 216
- ↑ Rothe, p. 111