United Borussia colliery

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United Borussia colliery
General information about the mine
other names Borussia colliery
Mining technology Underground mining
Funding / year Max. 210,199 t
Information about the mining company
Operating company Mining trade union
Employees up to 778
Start of operation 1858
End of operation 1911
Successor use Oespel colliery
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 29 '25.3 "  N , 7 ° 22' 26.7"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 29 '25.3 "  N , 7 ° 22' 26.7"  E
United Borussia Colliery (Regional Association Ruhr)
United Borussia colliery
Location United Borussia colliery
Location Oespel and Kley
local community Dortmund
Independent city ( NUTS3 ) Dortmund
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The United Borussia colliery is a former hard coal mine in Dortmund in the districts of Kley and Oespel . The mine was also called Zeche Borussia from 1899 . The mining facilities of the Borussia colliery were on Borussiastraße, near the railway line to Bochum. The Borussia colliery union was one of the founding members of the Rheinisch-Westphalian coal syndicate . The name Borussia is the neo-Latin name for Prussia.

history

The beginnings

In 1856 the mining corporation Borussia was founded. In the same year, the sinking work for shafts 1 and 2 began. Shaft 1 was intended as a delivery shaft , while shaft 2 was to be used as a machine shaft for water drainage. Both shafts were at the Borussiastraße set . In the same year the carbon was reached at a depth of 17 meters . In 1857 the production shaft (shaft 1) was only sunk to a depth of twelve pools and ten pools were lined to be watertight . Several machines were installed above ground. In the same year, the first level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 63 meters (+32 m above sea ​​level ). The shaft meanwhile had a total depth of 50½ laughs. Good information was already obtained during the alignment and fixture work. When driving the weather crosscourse , four seams that were worth building were already cut through. The seams were 20 to 40 inches in thickness . At that time the mine was part of the eastern Witten mining area . In the following year, the second level was set at a depth of 126 meters (−31 m NN). Funding started in the same year.

The first years of operation

In 1858, several good explorations were made in the mine. The dewatering shaft was sunk this year down to a depth of 62½ lachtern. The first underground level was set 30 puddles below the weather bed. In the level of the first civil engineering sole has been started, the basic routes to ascend . The first underground level was also set in the conveyor shaft. On the weather bed, the cross cuts to the south were used to approach further seams that were worth building . In the following year, the mine operation was reduced to a minimum. The reason for this was the slow further expansion of the Dortmund-Bochum railway line. In order to be able to increase the performance, a connection to the stop of the Germania colliery was created by means of a horse-drawn tram . Several good exposures could be made underground in the weather crosscut. Also on the first underground level, the seams developed on the weather level could be opened up. The water inflows were only slight this year. In 1860, the alignment and fixture work continued. The mining was started this year in seam No. 7 made. However, the construction departments had to be set up shorter here, the reason was the strong swelling of the lying in the mining sections . In addition, a new dewatering machine was put into operation this year .

The other years

In 1861, seam No. No. was built on the first excavation level with the main cross passage. 14 solved. The seam was thirty- four inches thick with a tailpipe of three inches. In the hollow of seam No. 13 one was aspirant for the planned longwall Prepared. When operating the strut, you came to a point in the western area where the seam was cut off by a fault . Due to this disruption , the mining operations were stopped in the same year. The recovery also took place in the seams 7, 9, and 10. The mine belonged at that time to the mountain area Witten. In the following year, several seams were approached on the first underground level with the southern main solution cross passage. These were seams No. 15 with a thickness of 37 inches pure coal, No. 16. with a thickness of 25 inches including four inch mounts, No. 17 with 17 inches of pure coal and No. 18. with 50 inches of pure coal. The cross passage reached a length of 118 laughs. In addition, the northern solution crosscut was driven to a length of 65 inches this year. With the cross passage, seams No. 4 and No. 5, which were 25 to 30 inches thick. In 1863, seams no. No. were built on the first underground level with the crosscut to the south. 19, No. 20 and No. 21 drive through. With the northern crosscut of the same floor, seams No. 2 and No. 3 aligned. In addition, the invert sections in the other seams were driven further. With the eastern invert section, seam no. 9 reached the building limit. On the bottom of the weather, the southern crosscut reached a driveway length of 158 1/3 laughs this year. In 1865, the laying of railway tracks began. The mine was to be connected to the Marten railway station of the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn by means of the tracks. Most of the project was completed in the same year.

In 1869 was in Unterwerksbau up to a depth of 298 meters mined . In order to achieve a higher conveying capacity , the single-cylinder hoisting machine was replaced by a twin hoisting machine in the same year . The following year problems arose in the mine due to strong mountain pressure . At that time, the mine was part of the western Dortmund mining area . In 1871 the Germania Abspliß field was acquired by the Germania colliery . In 1873 the fourth level was added in the substation construction. In the following year, the sinking work on both shafts was resumed and the shafts were sunk down to the fourth level. In 1877, the sinking work for a new weather shaft began in the Ostfeld. On August 22nd, there was a mine fire , killing 15 miners . Due to the fire, a construction department had to be given up. On February 16, 1883, there was a firedamp explosion , killing six miners. Just a few weeks later, on March 3, there was another firedamp explosion, killing two people. On April 21 of the following year three miners were killed in another firedamp explosion. In 1888 a mine fire broke out, as a result of which one department had to be abandoned. The following year the shaft was sunk deeper. In the course of this year there was a water ingress from above, as a result of which a department had to be abandoned. In 1892 the Borussia trade union was founded from the Borussia mining corporation.

The further development of the mine

In 1896 the Oespel field was leased. That same year, the shaft 2 went between the third floor and the fourth floor to break . The following year, was in the saddle north wing, near the main production well, one in the seam 21 cutting off created to catch up from there the seventh floor. The alignment and fixture work continued to progress well. This year a new compressor and a central condensation system were put into operation above ground. In addition, a wash house with shower heads was built. In the same year and in the following year, the shaft between the 2nd level and the 4th level was built through. In 1898, seven miners were killed in a firedamp explosion. In 1900, shaft 1 was penetrated by the 7th level . In 1902, the 3rd to 5th level was put into operation. In the following year, on construction site 1/2, the die bottom was set up via a blind shaft at a depth of 602 meters. In the same year, the sinking work for shaft 4 began. The shaft was set up 120 meters west of the plant section 1/2, it later became the new Oespel 1 shaft. In addition, the lease agreement with the Oespel union was terminated that year . The leased field from Oespel was returned to the Oespel union. The background to this were requirements that resulted from membership in the Rheinisch-Westfälischen Kohlen-Syndikat . In 1904 a mine fire broke out and one department was closed. In 1905, shaft 4 was completely sunk to the fourth level. Above the 5th level, the shaft was created with a narrower cross-section that was not accessible . On July 10th of the same year there was a mine fire. The reason for this was a miner's lamp that had been knocked over in the filling point of the 5th level of shaft 1 . The fire was so severe that shaft 1 burned out completely. 39 miners were killed in this mining accident . After shaft 1 broke, the lower floors were filled with water . Operations were stopped and the workforce was dismissed.

The last few years

In 1906 the pit was swamped and the mine workings were cleared again . The work was carried out from shaft 2 and shaft 4 (shaft Oespel 1). On July 1 of the same year, mining for personal use could already be started again in shaft 2. This year, shaft 2 and the weather shaft were in operation. Regular funding was resumed on November 3 of the same year. The completed Oespel 1 shaft was now also used for operations. Since the 7th level was still under water, it was deferred for the time being . The broken shaft 1 was no longer cleared because this was not possible for syndicate reasons. On October 13th, three miners were killed by falling rocks. In 1907 the 4th level was cleared again. The bottom had already been thrown off and was now needed for coal mining. Shaft 2 was still used as an auxiliary shaft. In 1908, shaft 1, which had already been broken, was filled . Since there were still good deposit conditions on the upper level , the 6th level was abandoned this year and drank away. In 1911 the United Borussia colliery was taken over by the Oespel colliery .

Promotion and workforce

The first known production and workforce figures come from the year 1860, in that year 173,517 Prussian tonnes of hard coal were mined with 350 miners . In 1861, 289 employees produced 231,706 Prussian tons. In the following year, with 398 employees, 260,238 Prussian tons of hard coal were mined. In the year 1863 a promotion 339,681 Prussian tons was provided. This made the mine one of the mines with the highest extraction rates in the Arnsberg administrative region . The workforce was 380 this year. In 1865, 405 employees produced 387,851 Prussian tonnes of hard coal. In 1870, with 593 employees, 141,762 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1875, 631 employees produced 152,118 tonnes of hard coal.

In 1880, around 150,000 tons of hard coal were extracted. This funding was provided by 498 employees. In 1885, with 741 employees, 176,150 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1890, 505 miners produced 113,217 tons of hard coal. In 1895 151,556 tons of hard coal were mined, the workforce was 717 employees. In 1900 around 173,000 tons of hard coal were mined. This funding was provided with 778 employees. In 1905 the workforce was 464, the production was 72,745 tons of hard coal. The maximum production of the mine was achieved in 1909. At that time, 689 people were employed at the mine, who produced 210,199 tons of hard coal. The last figures are from 1910. In that year, 691 employees mined 207,933 tons of hard coal.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144). 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  2. ↑ a b c Tilo Cramm: Dortmund mines in the picture . 1st edition, Regio-Verlag, Werne 2004, ISBN 3-929158-17-5 , p. 58.
  3. ↑ a b c d Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition, unchanged reprint of the 3rd edition. Verlag Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor to Hans Köster KG, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
  5. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Sixth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858
  6. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Seventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1859.
  7. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860.
  8. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Ninth volume, publishing house of the royal secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1861
  9. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862.
  10. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863.
  11. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864
  12. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume fourteenth, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1866
  13. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870
  14. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume nineteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1871.
  15. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume 46, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898.