United Germania colliery

United Germania colliery
	General information about the mine
	Headframe of the Germania colliery - today the landmark of the German Mining Museum
Mining technology	Underground mining
Funding / year	Max. 1,015,300 t
	Information about the mining company
Operating company	Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-AG
Employees	up to 3830
Start of operation	1858
End of operation	1929
Successor use	Germania colliery
	Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Hard coal
	Geographical location
Coordinates	51 ° 30 ′ 37 " N , 7 ° 22 ′ 17" E Coordinates: 51 ° 30 ′ 37 " N , 7 ° 22 ′ 17" E
	Location United Germania colliery
Location	Marten
local community	Dortmund
Independent city ( NUTS3 )	Dortmund
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Ruhr area

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The United Germania colliery is a former hard coal mine in the Marten district of Dortmund . In the second half of the 19th century, the mine was one of the most important collieries in the Arnsberg administrative region .

history

The beginnings

In 1842 the motto was placed on the fields Oespel No. I and Oespel No. II. The fields were later renamed, Oespel No. I to Oespel and Oespel No. II to Anna. In 1844, the courage was put on the field Oberpräsident. This was followed in 1845 by the assumption of the Gustav field and in 1846 the assumption of the violence and Theodor fields. In 1847 the field seven stars was muted. In the same year, the district fields Anna, Oespel, Theodor, Gustav, Violence and Oberpräsident were awarded . On May 14, 1850, the Geviertfeld Siebenstern and an Eisenstein authority were awarded. In the same year the lent fields were consolidated to United Germania. The United Germania union was also founded that year . The main trades were the two glass manufacturers Theodor and Gustav Müllensiefen, who together owned 101 Kuxe . In 1853 the fields Germania Continuation I and II were muted. The following year the fields David and Germania continuation III were muted. In 1855 the Geviertfeld Germania Continuation I was awarded. The mining law union United Germania started on 1 June of that year with the sinking work for the shaft Germania 1. The shaft was at today Steinhammerstraße set . In July there was already a strong water ingress, with 6.8 m ^{3 of} water flowing into the shaft. In December of the same year the shaft was swamped . In the following year, too, there were strong water inflows. Because of the strong water influx, the work of the devil was slow. The shaft wall had to be lined with waterproofing in this area . On January 25, 1856, the Geviertfeld Germania Continuation II was awarded. On August 25 of that year, the shaft reached at a depth that of 38 meters carbon . The mine belonged at that time to the station Dortmund. On March 2, 1857, the Geviertfeld Germania Continuation III was awarded. That same year, the shaft was down to a depth of 61 Lachter geteuft deeper. During the excavation work, five coal seams were cut through. These seams were 20 to 80 inches in width and had a northerly dip of about 16 gons . That same year, at a depth of 98 meters (-9 m NN the first) sole and recognized the second floor at a depth of 129 meters (-40 m NN). The top sole was used as a weather sole.

The first years of operation

The first coal was mined in 1858. On September 13 of the same year, a driving art was put into operation. On the weather bed and the first underground floor , the finishing and fixture work was continued continuously. On the first excavation level, seam No. 5 run over. This seam was 78 inches thick and dipped north at 11 gons. Since heavy weather often accumulated in the mine workings, the weather management in the shaft had to be improved. By order, the wooden weather separator had to be exchanged for a brick weather tower. This measure should also improve the weather draft in the mine . About days a loading platform for loading and further transport of the coal to the Dortmund-Bochum railway was built. In 1860, the mining authorities granted permission for the cable car . The mine was connected to the railway in the same year . Due to bad weather conditions, the number of firedamp explosions increased in the mine in the following years . In 1861 the art of driving was dismantled. In the same year, the southern cross passage on the weather bed reached an approach length of 55 laughs. The southern cross passage on the first excavation level reached a driveway length of 225 2/8 Lachtern. The bottom lines in seams No. 2 to No. 5 were further ascended . After the main western fault had been penetrated, seam No. 6 can be solved. In 1862, a partial level was set at a depth of 203 meters (−114 m above sea level). This partial sole later became the 3rd sole. In the same year, work began on sinking a weather shaft. The shaft was set up 630 meters south of shaft 1. Already after reaching a depth of ten laughs in the lower green sand, there was strong water inflow. For this reason, the sinking work was initially deferred . The shaft was abandoned in the course of the year. On the bottom of the weather, the southern cross passage was driven up to a length of 303 1/8 laughs. An eight-meter-thick alternating fault was approached there. Behind the fault, seams No. 4 and No. 5 can be realigned. With the southern cross passage on the building base, seams No. 7 and No. 8 through.

In 1863, another shaft began to be sunk. The shaft was set up one kilometer south of shaft 1. The excavation work was continued on the construction and weather bed. The southern main cross passage was driven further to a length of 325 1/8 Lachtern. The eastern weather section was excavated on the weather bed and the eastern base section was continued on the construction floor. In 1865, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed. This year the shaft was sunk by twelve laughs. The work on the weather shaft went quickly. At a depth of 27 meters, the weather shaft reached the carbon. In the same year, the first level was set at a depth of 68 meters (+37 m above sea level). The weather shaft should be heated with a weather stove that was fitted with a 30 foot chimney. In the following year, a breakthrough was made between shaft 1 and the weather shaft . In 1869, the third level was set in shaft 1 at a depth of 221 meters (−133 m above sea level). In the same year, a new twin hoisting machine was installed at shaft 1 . On the second building level, a cross passage was driven in a northerly direction. With the cross passage, an exchange fault that had already been approached by the Colonia and Neu-Iserlohn collieries was approached. At that time, the mine was part of the western Dortmund mining area. In 1870 the compressed air industry was introduced underground. In the same year, shaft 1 was sunk 14 holes below the second building level to a depth of 126 holes. In 1871, the fourth level was set in shaft 1 at a depth of 290 meters (−201 m above sea level). In the same year Germania Consolidated Continuation I-III and United Germania to United Germania. The Germania Abspliss I field was sold to the Borussia colliery. In 1872 the Germania Abspliss II and Germania Abspliss III fields were sold to the Borussia colliery. On July 18, the David and Vereinigte Germania fields consolidated under the name Vereinigte Germania. On December 27 of that year, which was Berechtsame divided into the two fields United Germania and Müllensiefen. The mine field of Müllensiefen covered an area of 5.9 km ² , that of Vereinigte Germania covered an area of 3.4 km ² . The Müllensiefen field was cut off in order to build a new mine. In the same year, the Marten Mining Association Germania was founded. On March 25, 1874, there was a firedamp explosion, in which three miners were killed. In 1875 there was another firedamp explosion, in which six miners lost their lives.

The other years of operation

In 1875 a breakthrough was made on the second level with the shaft of the Müllensiefen colliery. In 1876, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1877 there was another firedamp explosion, killing nine miners. In the same year, the sinking work on shaft 1 80 meters below the 4th level was stopped. In addition, the Müllensiefen field was bought back with the shaft. The Müllensiefen colliery had previously gone bankrupt. After the bill was consolidated Müllensiefen with the colliery Germania, the operating part Müllensiefen was renamed shaft Germania 2. Thus, the bill was United Germania now consists of two business units, Germania 1 and Germania 2 Germania 2 served first but only for ventilation . The entire right now covered an area of 9.3 km ² . During the months of April and May of 1879 which was promoting interrupted in slot 1, to durchbauen around the bay. In the same year, a coking plant was put into operation at shaft 1 . In 1880 the Germania 2 shaft was swamped. The shaft was flooded up to the 2nd level . In the same year, a coking plant was put into operation on Germania 2. In 1882 a contract was signed with the Union of the Planet Field Colliery . Due to the contract, the United Germania mine was now able to dismantle the existing safety pillar. The Germania 2 shaft had meanwhile been expanded from a weather shaft to a production shaft and was put into operation in 1883. In the same year there was another firedamp explosion, in which three miners were killed. In the following year, work began on sinking another weather shaft. The shaft was set up in the southeast field 1.5 kilometers southeast of shaft 1. In the same year the shaft reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 35 meters. It was sunk to a depth of 70 meters and continued there in the Louise seam as a weather storm. In 1885 the weather shaft was penetrated by the second level. The old weather shaft from 1863 was no longer needed and was discarded . In 1886 the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1887 the United Germania colliery was taken over by the Westphalian Mine Association from Dortmund. Due to this change of ownership, the mining fields of the Zollern and United Germania collieries have now been merged. In the same year, the 5th level was set in shaft 1 at a depth of 439 meters (−351 m above sea level). In the following year, the Westphalian Mining Association took over all the Kuxe from United Germania. In 1892 the mine became the property of Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-AG . The United Germania colliery was integrated into the Dortmund group of GBAG.

In 1892 another firedamp explosion occurred, killing four miners. In the same year, the sinking of the weather shaft 3 began. The shaft was set up next to shaft 2 and reached carbon in the same year at a depth of 55 meters. In the same year the shaft was penetrated with the second level. In addition, a copy was made with Zollern 1 on the third level. In the following year, the third floor of the weather shaft 3 penetrated through. In the same year, the weather shaft 3 was put into operation. System 2/3 (Germania 2) was used as the main conveyor system from the same year. In 1895, the sinking work on shaft 2 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. The old weather shaft from 1863 was filled in the same year . The following year, the fourth level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 325 meters (−240 m above sea level). In 1897, the alignment and fixture work in the north field was continued. At shaft 2, the filling points on the fourth level were completed and the main southern cross passage began to be driven. Seams 13, 14, 15 and 16 were further prepared and put into construction above the third underground level. Seam 18 and Dickebank were prepared in the southern field above the fourth underground level. On the second excavation level, the northern main cross passage was driven 50 meters further. Over the course of the day, the wash halls began to be enlarged. In 1898 the weather shaft in the southeast field was expanded. This year I had five on plot Germania seams in Verhieb . Three of the seams under construction were made of pure coal, the remaining two seams had a mining portion of 0.1 to 0.5 meters. Seven seams were under construction on Germania II, the thickness of these seams was 0.9 to 2.1 meters. Three of the seams consisted of pure coal, four of them had a mining portion of 0.01 to 0.5 meters. In 1900, the sinking work on the weather shaft in the southeast field was resumed and the shaft was sunk from a depth of 70 meters. In the following year, the weather shaft reached the 4th level. In 1902, a breakthrough was created between the weather shaft and shaft 1 on the 4th level. In 1907, the sinking work on weather shaft 3 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1910, the sinking work for shaft 4 began. The shaft was set up 82 meters west of shaft 1 and reached carbon in the same year at a depth of 35 meters. In addition, the 3rd to 4th level was put into operation this year. In the following year, shaft 4 was first penetrated with the 3rd level and in the course of the year with the 4th level. In 1912, shaft 4 was penetrated to the fifth level.

The last few years

In 1913, shaft 4 was put into operation as a delivery shaft. Due to damage in the mountains , shaft 1 was filled in the same year for days up to the fourth level. In 1917 there was another firedamp explosion, in which three miners lost their lives. In the same year, the remainder of shaft 1 was abandoned. In 1919 the sinking work on shaft 2 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. On July 26, 1920, four miners were killed in a firedamp explosion in the construction site of shaft 4. On October 22nd, 1925, six miners were killed during a illegal cable ride in a blind shaft . In 1926, the 5th level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 435 meters (−350 m above sea level). In 1927, the rights covered an area of 9.4 km ² . On April 7, 1928, the Germania 2/3 coking plant was shut down. In 1929 the 2/3 and 1/4 parts of the business were initially still available and in funding. On October 1st of the same year, the promotion on the operating part 2/3 was stopped, but the cable car was still carried out on 2/3. The construction site in 2/3 mined coals were days after Schacht 4 promoted . On November 29 of the same year there was a boiler explosion over days, killing three employees. In 1930 Germania 1/4 was shut down. With the closure of the coking plant and shaft 4, the entire mine was now out of order. In the same year, the demolition of most of the daytime facilities at shaft 1 began . The United Germania mine field was added to the Zollern colliery and there became the Zollern 1/3 construction field. Shaft 2 and the weather shaft in the southeastern field were filled in in 1935. In 1939, the re-opening of the mine field began from Zollern. The purpose for this was the construction of the Germania large mine.

Promotion and workforce

The first known workforce dates from 1855, when 43 miners were employed in the mine. The first production figures come from the year 1860, in that year with 185 employees 14,854 tons of hard coal were produced . In 1866, with 413 employees, 380,333 Prussian tons were extracted . In 1870, around 163,000 tonnes of hard coal were extracted and the workforce was 635 miners. In 1875, with 812 employees, 157,549 tons of hard coal were extracted. Good and lumpy coal was extracted from the mine . In 1880, 169,916 tons of hard coal were extracted and the workforce was 728. In 1885, around 420,000 tons of hard coal were extracted. The workforce this year was 1580. In 1890 the workforce was 2062, the production amounted to 547,367 tons of hard coal. In 1900 the production rose to 694,800 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 2533 employees. In 1905, approximately 621,000 tons of hard coal were extracted, and the workforce in that year was 2,730. In 1913, 843,540 tons of hard coal were extracted. The workforce this year was 3567. In 1920, 712,920 tons of hard coal were extracted and the workforce was 3777. In 1925, 3830 employees produced around 881,000 tons. In 1927 the one million tons mark was exceeded. This year, 1,015,300 tons of hard coal were mined with 3739 employees. This was also the maximum production of the mine. In 1929, 3,651 people were still employed at the mine; 936,040 tons of hard coal were extracted. These are the last known sponsorship and workforce figures.

Current condition

The headframe of shaft 5 of the Germania colliery was moved to the German Mining Museum in Bochum in 1973 and is now known as a symbol of Bochum . The 1,955 wells drilled southern shaft of the coal mine Germania without preserves and serves water level measurements.

The “Germania” industrial park is now located on the former colliery site. Shaft 5 can only be recognized by a Protego cover. The Dortmund-Germania stop of the S4 S-Bahn and various bus routes also reminds of the colliery . The CJD has one of its branches in the Germania colliery.

Protego cover from shaft 1 on the right in the picture
Protego hood of the south shaft
Planet field road weather shaft, condition 2013
Model in the German Mining Museum in Bochum

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
^ H. Fleck, E. Hartwig: History, statistics and technology of hard coal in Germany and other countries in Europe . R. Oldenbourg, Munich 1865
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
↑ ^a ^b Manfred Rasch , Gerald D. Feldman (eds.): August Thyssen and Hugo Stinnes. An exchange of letters 1898-1922, Verlag CH Beck oHG, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-49637-7 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957
↑ ^a ^b R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. Fifth volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz , Berlin 1858.
↑ ^a ^b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Sixth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858.
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860.
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862.
↑ ^a ^b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864.
↑ ^a ^b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume fourteenth, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1866
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume nineteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1871
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume forty-sixth, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898
^ Association for Mining Interests in the Upper Mining District Dortmund: The development of the Lower Rhine-Westphalian hard coal mining in the second half of the 19th century. Julius Springer's publishing bookstore, Berlin 1902
^ Royal Statistical Bureau in Berlin (ed.): Prussian Statistics XIII . Comparative overview of the course of industry, trade and traffic in the Prussian state 1866. Verlag Ernst Kuehn's statistical Separat-Conto, Berlin 1868
↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874
↑ CJD - Zeche Germania ( Memento from November 30, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) on dortmund.cjd.de. Retrieved August 31, 2013.

Web links

Commons : Zeche Germania - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ A weather overburden is a pit construction built in the seam from bottom to top, which is used for ventilation . (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Bergman language in the Ruhr area. )

[Quelle_1-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .

[Quelle_4-2] H. Fleck, E. Hartwig: History, statistics and technology of hard coal in Germany and other countries in Europe . R. Oldenbourg, Munich 1865

[Quelle_2-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .

[Quelle_5-4] Manfred Rasch , Gerald D. Feldman (eds.): August Thyssen and Hugo Stinnes. An exchange of letters 1898-1922, Verlag CH Beck oHG, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-49637-7 .

[Quelle_3-5] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957

[Quelle_6-6] R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. Fifth volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz , Berlin 1858.

[Quelle_7-7] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Sixth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858.

[Quelle_8-8] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860.

[Quelle_9-9] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862.

[Quelle_10-10] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863

[Quelle_11-11] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864.

[Quelle_12-12] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume fourteenth, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1866

[Quelle_13-13] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870

[Quelle_14-14] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume nineteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1871

[Quelle_15-16] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume forty-sixth, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898

[Quelle_16-17] Association for Mining Interests in the Upper Mining District Dortmund: The development of the Lower Rhine-Westphalian hard coal mining in the second half of the 19th century. Julius Springer's publishing bookstore, Berlin 1902

[Quelle_17-18] Royal Statistical Bureau in Berlin (ed.): Prussian Statistics XIII . Comparative overview of the course of industry, trade and traffic in the Prussian state 1866. Verlag Ernst Kuehn's statistical Separat-Conto, Berlin 1868

[Quelle_18-19] The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874

[Quelle_30-20] CJD - Zeche Germania ( Memento from November 30, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) on dortmund.cjd.de. Retrieved August 31, 2013.

[Anm._Cramm.-15] A weather overburden is a pit construction built in the seam from bottom to top, which is used for ventilation . (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Bergman language in the Ruhr area. )