Neu-Iserlohn colliery

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Neu-Iserlohn colliery
General information about the mine
New Iserlohn Kokerei.JPG

Ruins of the Neu-Iserlohn coking plant
Mining technology Pillar construction
Funding / year Max. 846,315 t
Information about the mining company
Employees up to 2909
Start of operation 1859
End of operation 1954
Successor use Robert Müser colliery
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 29 '29.3 "  N , 7 ° 20' 35.8"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 29 '29.3 "  N , 7 ° 20' 35.8"  E
Neu-Iserlohn Colliery (Ruhr Regional Association)
Neu-Iserlohn colliery
Location Neu-Iserlohn colliery
Location Langendreer , on the city limits of Dortmund
local community Bochum
Independent city ( NUTS3 ) Bochum
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The Neu-Iserlohn colliery is a former hard coal mine , located on the Bochum / Dortmund city ​​limits between Langendreer and Somborn . The mine was initially run under the name Zeche Vereinigte Münsterland , but was renamed to Zeche Neu-Iserlohn a few years later. The mine field of the Neu-Iserlohn colliery was north of the marl border .

history

The beginnings

In the middle of the 19th century, a 44 meter deep search shaft was sunk in the area between Langendreer and Somborn . In order to get to this depth, the shaft was sunk through a 15-meter- thick layer of marl . After the deposit had been exposed, the Geviertfelder Junge Friedrich and Friedrichs Neuglück were awarded on May 10, 1847 . On July 27, 1848, the square was awarded to Theodor August. On June 2 of the same year, the three quarter fields were consolidated into United Münsterland . The Münsterland trade union was founded on May 4th, 1849 . That same month, the union Münsterland acquired the Berechtsame . In 1856 the sinking work for shaft 1 began. The shaft should be to promote and dewatering serve and was railroad near the planned railway line of the Dortmund-Bochum stated . At that time the mine belonged to the Oestlich-Witten mining area . The top eight pools of the shaft were provided with a watertight extension . The following year, the shaft reached at a depth of 20 meters (+81 m NN the) carbon . By the end of the year the shaft had reached a depth of 34 laughs. In 1858 the weather bed was set at a depth of 75 meters (+26 m above sea level) . In the same year, the first building floor was set at a depth of 107 meters (−6 m above sea level). In addition, the first coals were mined this year.

The first years of operation

Regular mining began in 1859. The operation of the first mining operations went quite well in the beginning. Mining took place in seam No. 5, which made a good gas coal. Some of the coal extracted could be transported to Langendreer by horse-drawn tram and sold. However, at this point in time, bad weather occurred quite often . The ventilation took place via the shaft 1 by means of a walled shaft weather separator . The mine workings were further ventilated via Lutten . This created a sufficient draft for normal ventilation . However, due to the frequent firing weather, it was necessary to sink a second shaft. From 1860 onwards, only alignment and fixture work was carried out. In 1861, the northern cross passage on the first building level reached a driveway length of 95 Lachtern. Seam No. 3 and on the first Bausohle the seams were 4 to 6 in Verhieb taken. At that time, the mine was part of the Dortmund mining district. In 1862 regular dismantling took place again. The alignment and fixture work was also continued this year. The northern weather cross passage was driven up to a length of 63½ Lachtern and the main cross passage on the first building level was driven further up to a length of 126 Lachtern . The main crosscut thus reached seam No. 2. In seams No. 3, 4 and 6, the alignment section was driven further to the west and east. In October of the same year was day one locomotive branch line put into operation, the Bahnhof Langendreer the Bergisch railway company (BME) led.

In 1863 the auxiliary bed was set to the south at a depth of 46 meters (+58 m NN). This auxiliary bed was needed to mine in the southern field. In the same year the name of the union was changed to the Neu-Iserlohn union. The reason for this renaming were Iserlohn financiers. In the same year the name of the mine was changed to Zeche Neu-Iserlohn. The rightful consisted of three square fields and covered an area of ​​three square kilometers. A few weeks after the name change, there was a firedamp explosion on August 6 ; three miners were killed. On December 22 of the same year there was another firedamp explosion, also with three deaths. In 1864, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In the same year, the second building floor was added at a depth of 159 meters (−58 m NN). In addition, the weather shaft 1 was sunk this year. The shaft was set up 130 meters south of shaft 1. The shaft was sunk to a depth of 30 meters to seam number 5. On August 6 of the same year there was a firedamp explosion; four miners were killed. In 1865, the sinking work for shaft 2 began. The shaft was set up 800 meters north of shaft 1 in the north field in Lütgendortmund on Hellweg. The shaft was sunk with an elliptical shaft disc . When the marl was penetrated, strong water inflows occurred. It was hoped to get the water under control by using a traction engine in order to be able to sink the shaft into the Carboniferous. In 1866, the weather shaft 1 was put into operation. A weather furnace was operated underground in this shaft . A coal washing plant was put into operation above ground . The sinking work on shaft 2 was disrupted by strong water inflows. Since the water inflows could not be dammed, an attempt was made in 1867 to divert the water into the mine workings of the old field via a new borehole.

The worst firedamp explosion in the Ruhr area

At the beginning of 1868 there was another firedamp explosion at the mine . The explosion occurred in the early morning hours of January 15th, shortly after the morning shift retracted was. The night before the event, the first building floor had been driven over by a driver and a few stone houses . No accumulations of beating bettors were noticed. The explosion was so violent that it was noticed for days. 82 miners lost their lives in this mining accident . Few miners could save themselves; several were rescued by the aid teams. Most of the miners killed were in the cross passage and in the area of ​​the Bremsberg ; But the helpers also found killed miners in the basic stretch. Nevertheless, more than 70 miners were wounded or passed out from the mine workings affected. A few hours after the explosion , the head of the Westphalian mining authority , Mining Captain Prince August zu Schönaich-Carolath, drove into the mine together with the responsible district official . Further inspections and investigations of the accident site followed in the following days. The firedamp explosion was the worst mine disaster in the Ruhr mining industry to date . At the end of the investigation by the mining authorities, the investigating mining officials considered several sources of error to be likely. The actual trigger for this firedamp explosion could not be determined with absolute certainty. Ultimately, the mining authority was of the opinion that the mining accident would have been avoidable if the driver responsible for the area and who was also involved in the accident had checked the area before the early shift started. It took many years for the mining authorities to draw conclusions from these and other firedamp explosions and in 1898 issued a regulation that stipulated that water should be sprinkled on the mine workings. In order to improve the ventilation in the mine , the works management planned to sink the southern weather shaft to the first building floor and to use the first building floor as a weather floor. After the mines had been cleared , operations were resumed on March 9 of the same year.

The further expansion of the mine

In 1868 shaft 2 reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 47 meters. In 1869 the first underground dewatering was installed on the mine . This dewatering was the first compressed air-powered dewatering in the Ruhr mining industry . In addition, shaft 2 was penetrated with the first building base that year . A 36-inch twin hoisting machine was planned for the shaft , which should be set up soon. Then the individual soles should be aligned quickly. The reason for this measure was that the deposits in the old shaft field had almost been depleted. On September 6th, significant accumulations of firedamp were found in the western part of seam No. At that time, pillar construction was used as the mining method . The mine was now part of the Westlich-Dortmund district. In 1870, shaft 2 was penetrated with the second building floor. The boiler house and the machine building as well as some of the shaft building were completed above ground. The new winder was now partially assembled. On December 11 of the same year there was another severe firedamp explosion; 35 miners were killed. In 1871, work began on a weather shaft for the construction site of shaft 2. In the same year, compressed air was used underground for the first time at shaft 1. In shaft 2, the third building level was set at a depth of 255 meters (−148 m above sea level). On June 24 of the same year, three miners were killed in a firedamp explosion. On June 24th, 1873, a weather furnace caused a mine fire . As a result of this mine fire, there were several firedamp explosions; People were not killed here. Backfilling work on shaft 1 began on July 20 . The shaft was filled up to 32 meters below the hanging lawn bench and dammed up against shaft 2 . After the backfilling work, the shaft was covered. In the same year the southern field was drained. In addition, the sinking work for weather shaft 2 began. The shaft was set up 13 meters next to shaft 2. In the following year, shaft 1 was cleared. In shaft 2, a midsole was set at a depth of 214 meters (−110 m above sea level). In the same year, the weather shaft 2 was sunk to seam no. 6 and further sunk here to the first building base. A coking plant was put into operation at shaft 2 . In 1875 the clearing work began in the southern field. The connecting line from shaft 2 to the Marten - Langendreer line of the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (BME) went into operation in 1875.

In 1876 the rights of ownership were divided into the shafts Neu-Iserlohn 1 and Neu-Iserlohn 2. Neu-Iserlohn 1 consisted of the two shafts shaft 1 and weather shaft 1. Neu-Iserlohn 2 consisted of shaft 2 and weather shaft 2. Both Systems were now run as independent mines. In the same year, the excavation work on the shaft was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1877, shaft 1 went into production again. In the same year, the sinking work on shaft 1 and the weather shaft was resumed and the shafts were sunk deeper. In shaft 2, a partial bottom was set at a depth of 285 meters (−181 m above sea level). In addition, a coal washing plant was put into operation at the Neu-Iserlohn 2 mine. In the years that followed, the existing shafts were regularly sunk deeper and the systems steadily expanded. In 1878, the third building level was added in shaft 1 at a depth of 245 meters (−144 m above sea level). In addition, a breakthrough to shaft 2 was made. In 1879, the weather shaft 1 was penetrated to the third building level. On July 23 of the same year, four miners were killed in a firedamp explosion. On June 8 of the following year there was another firedamp explosion; 23 miners lost their lives. In the same year, the fourth building level was set in shaft 1 at a depth of 295 meters (−194 m above sea level). In addition, a partial bottom of the 4th level was set in shaft 1 at a depth of 295 meters (−194 m above sea level). In 1881 the weather shaft was sunk deeper to seam 12. The weather shaft 2 was sunk deeper to the midsole. In the years up to 1885, the shafts were sunk year after year. Shaft 1 was sunk to the fourth building level in 1882, the weather shaft 1 was sunk deeper to the fourth building level. On January 13, 1886, five miners were killed in a firedamp explosion. In July of the same year, a briquette factory was put into operation on Neu-Iserlohn 2 . In April 1889, the general assembly of Harpen AG decided to buy the Neu-Iserlohn colliery. In the same year the owner changed to Harpen AG.

The other years

In 1891, shaft 2 was expanded from the 4th level by means of excavation . The following year, the fifth level was set in shaft 1 at a depth of 471 meters (−370 m above sea level). In the same year, the weather shaft 1 from seam 12 was sunk deeper. In addition, a field swap with the Heinrich Gustav colliery was carried out and the acquired subfield was dismantled. In 1893 the weather shaft 1 reached a depth of 318 meters. In 1895, the sinking work on weather shaft 2 was continued and the shaft was sunk deeper from the partial bottom of the 4th level. In 1896, the 5th level of the weather shaft 1 was penetrated, the weather shaft 2 was sunk to the 4th level. From 1897 onwards, the necessary alignment and installation work was carried out from shaft 1. On the seventh excavation level, the southern main crosscut in the southern saddle wing was driven further to seam No. 19. At the same time, a connection to the weather shaft 2 was created by hacking . In addition, a new dewatering machine was installed, which could pump out the pit water from the entire mine field. A new pit ventilator from the Rateau system was installed above ground and two new steam boilers were set up. In addition, a new wash house was put into operation. At that time the mine was part of the Witten mining area. In 1898 part of the field was acquired by the Amalia colliery . In addition, the sinking work on weather shaft 1 was continued and the shaft was sunk deeper. This year, one ten were on Neu-Iserlohn seams in Verhieb ; the thickness of these seams was between 0.8 and 2.5 meters. Four of the seams under construction were made of pure coal, the remaining six seams had a mining proportion of 0.07 to 0.75 meters. Seven seams were under construction on Neu-Iserlohn 2, the thickness of these seams was 0.8 to 2.5 meters. Three of the seams consisted of pure coal, two of them had a tailing portion of 0.07 to 0.75 meters. In 1899, the 5th level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 474 meters (−366 m above sea level). In 1900, the 6th level was set in weather shaft 1 at a depth of 571 meters (−470 m above sea level). In 1902 a carbon copy was made with the Amalia colliery.

In 1904, a break was made in shaft 2 from the 5th level. In 1906 a breakthrough was made with the Siebenplaneten colliery . In 1907, work began on sinking another weather shaft. The shaft was referred to as weather shaft 3; it was placed next to shaft 1. The shaft was sunk with a diameter of five meters. The weather shaft 3 was later referred to as shaft 3. In 1908 the shaft reached the 5th level. In 1910, the weather shaft 3 reached the 7th level. Weather shaft 3 was put into operation in 1912. The shaft was equipped with a conveyor. The following year the weather shaft was taken out of service. In addition, the weather shaft 3 was now also used as a delivery shaft. In 1915, the sinking work on shaft 2 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In the same year the briquette factory was shut down. In 1919, the 6th level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 577 meters (−469 m above sea level). On July 27, 1922, there was an accident on the cable car ; six miners died. On December 24, 1928, six miners were killed in a firedamp explosion. On January 7th of the following year there was another firedamp explosion, five miners were killed. On September 30 of this year, the coking plant on Neu-Iserlohn 2 was shut down. In 1929, production on Neu-Iserlohn 2 was stopped. The mine field was added to Neu-Iserlohn 2. The shafts remained navigable. In the same year, the weather shaft 1 was given up. In 1931, the two systems Neu-Iserlohn 1 and Neu-Iserlohn 2 were combined into one system. Shaft 3 became the main shaft in the same year; The main lift level was the 6th level. In 1944 the Siebenplaneten colliery was taken over.

The last few years

At the end of the Second World War, the mine was probably out of order. The 6th floor was flooded . The rightful covered an area of ​​eleven square kilometers. There were shafts 1, 2, 3, Eduard and Mathilde, weather shaft 2 and the bunker shaft. With these shafts, the mine now had three shafts that were used as conveying and cableway shafts, one cableway and weather shaft, two weather shafts and the bunker shaft. In 1949 the 6th level was further aligned. In 1951 there was a fire in the pit and people were not harmed. In 1953, a breakthrough was made on the 6th level with the Robert Müser mine . On January 1, 1955, the promotion to Neu-Iserlohn was stopped. The shafts initially remained open. The Neu-Iserlohn colliery was merged with the Robert Müser colliery to form a joint mine in the same year.

Promotion and workforce

The first workforce at the mine dates back to 1856, in that year 102 people were employed at the mine. The first production figures of the mine come from the year 1858, in that year 1000 tons of hard coal were produced. The workforce was 168 this year. In 1865, the mine employed 402 people who produced 401,871 Prussian tons of hard coal. In 1870, around 74,000 tons of hard coal were mined with 470 employees. In 1875, around 49,000 hard coal were extracted and the workforce was 483 tonnes of hard coal. Medium quality coal was extracted from the mine. In 1885, 429,701 tons of hard coal were extracted. The workforce this year was 1521 employees. In 1900, the production rose to 614,614 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 2360 employees. In 1905, 548,575 tons of hard coal were extracted; the workforce in that year was 1729. In 1910 almost 618,000 tons of hard coal were mined with 2,316 employees. In 1920, 2909 employees produced 598,335 tons of hard coal. The maximum production of the mine was achieved in 1927. This year the production rose to 846,315 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 2880 employees. In 1930, with 1977 employees, 606,063 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1940, 617,612 tons of hard coal were extracted. The workforce this year was 1977 employees. In 1950, around 460,000 tons of hard coal were extracted. In 1954, 1,820 people were still employed at the mine; 480,524 tons of hard coal were extracted. These are the last known sponsorship and workforce figures.

Neu-Iserlohn coking plant

On the grounds of Zeche Neu-Iserlohn one was coking plant and a briquette factory operated. From 1860 on, the fatty coal was coked in flame ovens and from 1895 onwards, sixty Otto Hoffmann ovens were used to extract tar, benzene and ammonia. The separation, cleaning and filling of these by-products took place at the foot of the furnace battery. In 1907 this battery was modernized again, this time with coke ovens of the Otto-Hilgenstock design .

The ruins of the coking plant from 1895 have been a listed building since 1995.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144). 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Wilhelm and Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. In: The Blue Books . 6th edition, expanded to include a digression according to p. 216 and updated in energy policy parts, the 5th edition, completely revised. u. extended edition. Langewiesche publishing house , Königstein im Taunus 2008, ISBN 978-3-7845-6994-9 .
  3. ↑ a b c Karl Heinz Bader, Karl Röttger, Manfred Prante: 250 years of coal mining in the Brandenburg region. A contribution to the history of mining, the mining administration and the city of Bochum. Study publisher Dr. N. Brockmeyer, Bochum 1987, ISBN 3-88339-590-0 , pp. 181-182.
  4. ↑ Manfred Rasch, Gerald D. Feldman (eds.): August Thyssen and Hugo Stinnes. An exchange of letters from 1898–1922. Verlag CH Beck, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-49637-7 .
  5. ↑ R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. Fifth volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz , Berlin 1858.
  6. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Sixth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Glückauf Verlag, Essen 1957.
  8. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860.
  9. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862.
  10. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863.
  11. ↑ a b Gerhard Knospe: Works Railways in German Coal Mining and Its Steam Locomotives, Part 1 - Data, facts, sources . 1st edition. Self-published, Heiligenhaus 2018, ISBN 978-3-9819784-0-7 , p. 610 .
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Günter Streich, Corneel Voigt: Zechen Dominanten im Revier. 2nd expanded and revised edition. Verlag Beleke, Nobel-Verlag, Essen 1999, ISBN 3-922785-58-1 .
  13. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume fourteenth, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1866.
  14. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume sixteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1868.
  15. ↑ a b c d e H. Renesse: The explosion of beating weather on the Neu-Iserlohn colliery near Langendreer on January 15, 1868. In: Ministry of Commerce and Industry (Ed.): Journal for the mountain, hut and salt works - Being in the Prussian state. Volume sixteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1868.
  16. ↑ a b Michael Farrenkopf: Mine accidents as disasters in mining: on the methodology of the investigation from a technical and socio-historical perspective. In: Ferrum, News from the Iron Library, Georg Fischer AG Foundation. Tape. 69, 1997, pp. 28-29.
  17. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870.
  18. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume nineteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1871.
  19. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume forty-sixth, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898.
  20. ^ Association for Mining Interests in the Upper Mining District Dortmund: The development of the Lower Rhine-Westphalian hard coal mining in the second half of the 19th century. Julius Springer's publishing bookstore, Berlin 1902.
  21. ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874.

Web links

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