Gneisenau colliery

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Gneisenau colliery
General information about the mine
Gneisenau 4.jpg

Double-headed headframe of the Gneisenau colliery in the 1980s, the operating buildings under the scaffolding no longer exist today
Funding / year up to 4.2 million t
Information about the mining company
Employees approx. 6,000
Start of operation 1886
End of operation 1985
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 34 ′ 1 ″  N , 7 ° 31 ′ 31 ″  E Coordinates: 51 ° 34 ′ 1 ″  N , 7 ° 31 ′ 31 ″  E
Gneisenau Colliery (Ruhr Regional Association)
Gneisenau colliery
Location Gneisenau colliery
Location That
local community Dortmund
Independent city ( NUTS3 ) Dortmund
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The pit field of the Gneisenau colliery

The Gneisenau Colliery was a coal - mine in Dortmund district Derne .

history

After awarding of mining concessions Union in 1872 to the drilling company Union of Neuss , the "received union Gneisenau" the most 3 September 1873 building permit for installation of a coal mine. The colliery was named after the Prussian chief of staff , August Graf Neidhardt von Gneisenau .

The sinking of the shafts began in 1873, with early difficulties arose because of high water ingress. On March 27, 1875, water veins were drilled at a depth of 173 m, so that the shaft filled up after only six hours and work had to be stopped for the time being. For financial reasons and only after the transformation into a stock corporation and the takeover by a Belgian company, work could be resumed on June 1, 1882. In 1886, which was well bottom is reached (383 m) and the funding received. The coal extracted, 230,000 tonnes a year with a workforce of over 1,000, was processed into coke in 1890 after the coking plant went into operation .

In 1891 the Gneisenau, Scharnhorst and Prussia mines were taken over by Harpener Bergbau AG . At the beginning of the 20th century, other mines were added in the vicinity:

In 1903, a third shaft, the Gneisenau 3 shaft, was sunk. All three wells were given a headframe one after mine director Eugen Tomson named Tomson trestle, one of which is obtained from Tray 2 until today.

In place of the old coking plant , a modern central coking plant was built in 1927–1928, which was expanded in 1929 with a large gasometer . The Grevel weather shaft, which was sunk in the years 1925–1927 for weather management of the Prussian colliery, continued to be operated by the Gneisenau colliery after its closure in 1929. The colliery railway between the Gneisenau mine and the Preußenhafen on the Datteln-Hamm Canal in Lünen-Süd, which opened in 1914, was used to connect to shipping . By merging the various mines, the construction of a fourth shaft on Gneisenau became necessary, which went into operation on September 10, 1932.

In 1934, the double gantry frame, which is unique in its construction, went into operation above the new central shaft Gneisenau 4. In 1935 more than 1 million t of hard coal was mined for the first time with 2,500 employees.

During the Second World War , prisoners of war were used at the Gneisenau colliery. These were housed in a barrack camp on Derner Strasse. Allied bombing raids severely damaged the colliery's daytime facilities .

In 1945 production was resumed two months after the end of the war and increased continuously. By the mid-1970s, over 6,000 employees had a production of 4.5 million tons per year.

In 1963 the association with the Victoria colliery in Lünen took place . The headframe above shaft 3 was also rebuilt. It received a 68 meter high winding tower designed by Fritz Schupp with an automatic vessel conveyor . This shaft replaced shaft 4 as the central delivery shaft.

In 1969 the Gneisenau colliery became part of Ruhrkohle AG . In 1970 the colliery with 6,000 employees and an annual output of over 3 million tons is the largest colliery in the Ruhr area. In 1974 Gneisenau employed more than 6,300 miners and reached 4.2 million tons of hard coal, the highest annual production of the mine, which at times was one of the largest in Europe. Heinz Günther , the former director of the mine, was elected club president of Borussia Dortmund in 1974 and held this office until 1979.

The shutdown and cessation of production at Gneisenau took place on August 4, 1985. The coking plant on the colliery continued to produce until it was shut down in 1989. The coals from the Victoria 1/2 and Kurl 3 fields were open until 1991 and 1998, respectively of the Haus Aden colliery . Until 1999, shaft 4 served as a service shaft for the central water drainage; then, like all other shafts, it was filled .

Today, only two headframes, a Tomson frame and a double-head frame are preserved on the large operating area . These industrial monuments were entered as architectural monuments in the monuments list of the city of Dortmund . The buildings that have been preserved are owned by the Foundation for the Preservation of Industrial Monuments and History . In 2006 a retail center was built on parts of the area by Montan-Grundstücksgesellschaft mbH.

The planum of the former colliery is now used as a cycling and hiking trail under the name "Gneisenau-Trasse".

Pit field

After the merger of the formerly independent mining pits Gneisenau, Scharnhorst, Kurl, Prussia I, Prussia II and Victoria, the jointly entitled Gneisenau formed a closed field area of ​​approx. 69.8 km² with a striking extent of approx. 7.5 km and a cross-cutting extension of approx. 9 km.

The field markedscheidete in the east with the Grimberg field, in the south with the fields Zeche Massener Tiefbau and Zeche Vereinigte Hörder Kohlenwerk , in the west with the coal mine Minister Stein and in the northwest and north with the Achenbach fields.

The parts of the mine field worth building are mainly covered by scattered settlements, smaller towns and areas used for agriculture and forestry. Motorways, waterways and federal railway lines caused a certain sensitivity to mountain damage for some mining areas.

The deposit was shaped in the north, east and west of the owner by the spacious, flat Bochum Mulde (construction fields Gneisenau, Kurl 3, Victoria 3/4 and Victoria 1/2). The steep storage in the south was characterized by clear clod tectonics (due to numerous large and small thrusts in the Scharnhorst construction site).

The cross-cutting extension of the mine field reached from south to north over the Stockumer Sattel, Kaiserstuhler Sattel and Bochumer Mulde to the south wing of Wattenscheider Sattel. The seams of the Essen, Bochum and Witten layers (seam Zollverein to seam Mausegatt) were open.

Two large thrusts, the Scharnhorster Wechsel with approx. 300 m throw and the Sutan with almost 800 m throw, three large jumps (Achenbacher, Kurler and Unnaer jump with throw dimensions of 250 to 600 m) and three large blade displacements (Gneisenauer, Kurler and Husener Leaf) formed natural building boundaries.

In addition, the pit field was disturbed by a large number of medium and small cracks and leaves. The Carboniferous , overlaid discordantly by the overburden , fell 3 to 5  gon to the north; its thickness was 120 m on the southern and 450 m on the northern divider.

gallery

  • Double head headframe 2007

  • Tomson headframe of the Gneisenau colliery in 2008

  • Double-headed headframe of the Gneisenau colliery in 2008

  • Lumber yard of the Gneisenau colliery 1980s

  • Shaft mark in Gneisenau mine shaft IV on June 29, 2010

  • Shaft mark in Gneisenau mine shaft II and shaft IV on June 29, 2010

See also

literature

  • Museum for Art and Cultural History Dortmund : Living with Gneisenau, a hundred years .... A colliery between Dortmund and Lünen. Book accompanying the exhibition of the VHS Dortmund in the Museum for Art and Cultural History of the City of Dortmund . Edited on behalf of the Dortmund Museum Society for the Care of Fine Arts eV (...) by Gerhard Langemeyer . Essen: Klartext Verlag, 1986 ISBN 3-88474-323-6

Web links

Commons : Zeche Gneisenau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 1978/79 season
  2. ↑ No. A 0004 and A 0005. List of monuments of the city of Dortmund. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: dortmund.de - Das Dortmunder Stadtportal. Monument Authority of the City of Dortmund, April 14, 2014, archived from the original on September 15, 2014 ; accessed on June 12, 2014 (size: 180 kB). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dortmund.de
  3. ^ BAG Westphalia: Brochure Verbundberkwerk Gneisenau , as of June 1975