Florian Tower

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Florian Tower
Dortmund 3
FuÜSt Dortmund 3
Image of the object
Basic data
Place: Dortmund
Country : North Rhine-Westphalia
Country: Germany
Altitude : 124  m above sea level NHN
Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 47.8 "  N , 7 ° 28 ′ 35.8"  E
Use: Telecommunication tower , radio transmitter , observation tower
Accessibility: Transmission tower open to the public
Owner : German radio tower
Tower data
Construction time : 1958-1959
Operating time: since 1959
Last renovation (tower) : 2006-2007
Total height : 208.56  m
Viewing platforms: 141.8  m , 144.7 m
Data on the transmission system
Last modification (transmitter) : 2004
Waveband : FM transmitter
Radio : VHF broadcasting
Send types: DVB-T2, DAB , directional radio
Position map
Florian Tower (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Florian Tower
Florian Tower
Localization of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany

The Florian Tower , or Florian for short, is a landmark that can be seen from far and wide and shapes the skyline of Dortmund as a landmark . The observation and television tower was built in 1959 on the occasion of the Federal Garden Show in the Westfalenpark with a height of 219.3 meters. For around a decade it was the tallest television tower in Germany and thus one of the tallest buildings in the country. Its current height with antenna system is around 209 meters. There is a revolving restaurant in the tower cage . In 1959 it was the first of its kind in the world.

history

Planning and construction

In 1957, during the planning and execution phase of the first Dortmund Federal Garden Show, the architect Will Schwarz won a prize for designing a viewing tower for the exhibition grounds. According to this first draft, the tower should have a rotating restaurant at a height of 65 meters.

At the same time, the Deutsche Bundespost was looking for a location for a 150 meter high transmission mast on the Rhineland dam. The technical solution of a lattice mast would have disturbed the cityscape. The city of Dortmund and the Deutsche Bundespost therefore agreed to have a combined observation and telecommunications tower built on the grounds of the Federal Garden Show.

The planning of the project remained with the architects Will Schwarz. Construction began on May 22, 1958. The tower shaft was built from concrete using the technology of the sliding formwork system, which allowed work to be carried out without scaffolding. Construction was carried out in 24-hour shifts. In winter, construction was temporarily continued under the protection of a heated tent. The construction time was less than a year.

The restaurant was built at a height of 138 meters, which was more than twice the height of the original design. A viewing platform was built above the restaurant, including utility and machine rooms at a height of 133 meters.

Since opening

In his opening speech at the Federal Garden Show, the Lord Mayor of Dortmund, Dietrich Keuning, announced on April 30, 1959: “The tower is finished, the elevator is running, the restaurant is turning!” When it opened, the restaurant rotated three times an hour.

Shortly after it opened in the summer of 1959

The telecommunications equipment and antenna systems of Deutsche Telekom are housed above the viewing platforms - terrestrial television has been broadcast from here since 1959 . Initially the upper tower cage was designed with one storey; later a second was added, which gave the Florian Tower its current appearance.

On September 7, 2004, the antenna system was replaced with the help of a Russian cargo helicopter in preparation for DVB-T broadcasting. Since November 8, 2004, Dortmund and the surrounding area have been supplied with initially 20 and since April 4, 2005 with 24 digital television programs on six UHF channels, each with a transmission power of 50 kW ( ERP ).

Since then, the Florian Tower has a height of 208.56 meters and ranks 14th among the tallest towers in Germany . The operator and owner of the facility is Deutsche Funkturm GmbH (DFMG), a subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom based in Münster .

Extensive renovation work took place from 1998 to 1999. The tower received a completely new facade and interior as well as fire protection equipment. Mechanics and drive of the revolving restaurant, which had previously been shut down for some time, have been renovated. The work was supported by a public fundraising campaign called Aktion Dreh dich! supported.

Platform for bungee jumping on the tower cage

From the year 2000 the upper viewing platform was equipped with a facility for bungee jumping . This was shut down in 2003 after a death caused by a broken rope and dismantled in July 2008.

At the beginning of October 2006, pieces of concrete detached from the outer facade at a height of 164 meters and plunged into the depths. As a result, a large area of ​​the tower was cordoned off and then scaffolded at a height of 164 to 168 meters. After the renovation, the Florian Tower was opened again.

From August 2, 2010 to December 31, 2015, the first program of the British soldiers' broadcaster BFBS was broadcast on the FM frequency 106.0 MHz .

From April 2011 the tower was closed due to necessary renovation work. The concrete facade was renovated from June 2011 for 1.5 million euros and the tower reopened at the end of March 2012. In the following winter, the tower received new elevators. The tower café and the viewing platforms were reopened in April 2013. The café and restaurant ceased operations on March 31, 2015. The revolving restaurant can be rented for events.

The tower is a theme point on the Route of Industrial Culture .

description

Building

Ground floor with elevators

The tower was built using the concrete chimney construction known from industrial construction . On a reinforced concrete tube, the diameter of which tapers conically up to a height of 129.75 meters with decreasing wall thickness , a two-storey building section lies at a height of 130.60 meters . There are utility rooms in the basement and a revolving restaurant on the upper floor at a height of 137.54 meters . Two viewing platforms at heights of 141.88 meters and 144.7 meters invite the visitor to take a far-reaching view. This platform can be reached on foot after 762 steps, the restaurant after 738 steps.

The tower is registered as an architectural monument in the list of monuments of the city of Dortmund .

Fire protection

TV tower Dortmund

Due to current fire protection regulations, the stairwell was separated from the elevator shaft by a fireproof wall around 130 meters high so that there are two independent escape routes in the event of a fire. This structural measure carried out at the end of the 1990s made it possible to keep the observation tower open to the public in the event of more stringent fire protection regulations. The Stuttgart television tower , which is roughly the same age, had to be temporarily closed to the public in March 2013 due to fire protection deficiencies; the necessary retrofitting was completed in January 2016. People with limited mobility, such as wheelchair users, are not allowed on the tower. Carrying prams is also not permitted.

Frequencies and Programs

Analog radio (FM)

The following radio programs are broadcast from the Florian Tower via VHF :

program Frequency
(MHz) 		ERP
(kW)
Radio 91.2 91.2 0.2

Digital radio (DAB / DAB +)

DAB is broadcast in vertical polarization and in single-frequency mode with other transmitters. Since October 2012, in addition to the nationwide multiplex on DAB channel 5C, the state-wide multiplex on DAB channel 11D has also been broadcast by the Florian Tower.

block Programs
(data services) 		ERP  
(kW) 		Antenna diagram
round (ND),
directional (D) 		Polarization
horizontal (H) /
vertical (V) 		Single frequency network (SFN)
5C
DR Germany
(D__00188) 		DAB + block of media broadcast: 10 D. V
11D 
radio for NRW
(D__00236)
  • 1 live (72 kbps)
  • WDR 2 Cologne (K) (72 kbps)
  • WDR 2 Aachen (AC) (72 kbps)
  • WDR 2 Bielefeld (BI) (72 kbps)
  • WDR 2 Dortmund (DO) (72 kbps)
  • WDR 2 Münster (MS) (72 kbps)
  • WDR 2 Rhine-Ruhr (RR) (72 kbps)
  • WDR 2 victories (SI) (72 kbps)
  • WDR 2 Wuppertal (W) (72 kbps)
  • WDR 3 (96 kbps)
  • WDR 4 (72 kbps)
  • WDR 5 (64 kbps)
  • WDRcosmo (64 kbps)
  • 1 Live diGGi (72 kbps)
  • WDR mouse (64 kbps)
  • WDR event (48 kbps)
  • WDR EPG (8 kbps)
  • ARD TPEG (16 kbps)
10 D. V



Digital television (DVB-T)

channel Frequency  
(MHz) 		Multiplex Programs in multiplex ERP  
(kW) 		Polarization
horizontal (H) /
vertical (V) 		Modulation
method 		FEC Guard
interval 		Bit rate  
(Mbit / s)
29 538 RTL Group 1) 50 V 16-QAM 2/3 1/4 13.27
35 586 ZDFmobil 50 V 16-QAM 2/3 1/4 13.27
25th 506 ARD regional (WDR) 50 V 16-QAM 2/3 1/8 13.27
48 690 ARD Digital (WDR) 50 V 16-QAM 2/3 1/4 13.27
52 722 LfM 50 V 16-QAM 2/3 1/4 13.27
55 746 ProSiebenSat.1 Media 50 V 16-QAM 2/3 1/4 13.27
1) possible shutdown on December 31, 2016

Digital television (DVB-T2 HD)

On May 31, 2016, the broadcast of the high-definition DVB-T2 HD in North Rhine-Westphalia began parallel to the DVB-T broadcast . Since then, Das Erste HD, Pro Sieben HD, Sat 1 HD, RTL HD, Vox HD and ZDF HD have been received by Florian via antenna on channel 43 with 50 kW.

The changeover to the standard DVB-T2 HD with HEVC image coding was on 29 March 2017. The DVB-T2 broadcasts take place in the single-frequency operation (Single Frequency Network) with other sites. The public broadcasters are free to receive ( FTA ), while the private broadcasters are broadcast largely encrypted via the freenet TV platform .

channel Frequency  
(MHz) 		Multiplex Programs in multiplex ERP  
(kW) 		Antenna pattern
round (ND) / directional (D) 		Polarization
horizontal (H) /
vertical (V) 		Modulation
method 		FEC Guard
interval 		Bit rate  
(Mbit / s)
25th 506 WDR (middle) 50.12 64-QAM 1/2 19/128
29 538 ZDF 50.12 64-QAM 3/5 19/128
35 586 ARD 50.12 64-QAM 1/2 19/128
40 626 Freenet TV Mux 1 50.12 64-QAM 2/3 1/16
43 650 Freenet TV Mux 2 50.12 64-QAM 2/3 1/16
48 690 Freenet TV Mux 3 50.12 64-QAM 2/3 1/16

Analog television

Until the switch to DVB-T, the Florian Tower broadcast the following programs in analogue PAL:

channel Frequency  
(MHz) 		program ERP
(kW) 		Transmission diagram
round (ND) /
directional (D) 		Polarization
horizontal (H) /
vertical (V)
25th 503.25 ZDF 500 ND H
53 727.25 WDR television (Dortmund) 500 ND H

Technical specifications

  • Architect: Werner Niemeyer for Will Schwarz , Dortmund
  • Construction time: May 1958 - April 1959
  • Foundation depth: 8.10 m, the lower edge of the foundation is 110.30 m above sea level
  • Diameter of the foundation plate: 25.00 m
  • Thickness of the foundation slab: 2.50 m
  • Total weight: approx. 7700 t
  • Cement consumption: approx. 1385 t
  • Concrete consumption: approx. 3400 m³
  • Steel consumption: approx. 660 t
  • Stability : 3.5 times
and display information about the image
Panoramic picture of Dortmund as seen from the Florian Tower

See also

literature

  • Willy Weinauge, Office for Economic and Transport Promotion (ed.): The Florian Tower. Westfalenpark Dortmund. Dortmund, (no year).

Web links

Commons : Fernsehturm Dortmund  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b City of Dortmund u. Central connection d. German vegetable, fruit u. Gartenbaues (Ed.): The green Dortmund: a guide through the Federal Garden Show 1959 . Westphalian printing, Dortmund 1959, p. 23 .
  2. ↑ Westfalenpark turns 50: Part 4. Ruhr Nachrichten, April 30, 2009, accessed on July 6, 2017 .
  3. ^ History of the television tower , accessed on June 15, 2014
  4. ↑ Ellen Sarrazin: Father of the BUGA 1959 remembers fondly. DerWesten, Funke Digital GmbH & Co. KG, February 6, 2009, accessed on October 19, 2014 .
  5. ↑ Florian Tower: Bungee ramp will be dismantled RuhrNachrichten.de, July 4, 2008
  6. ↑ TV towers before they decay Die Welt online, May 28, 2011, accessed on March 29, 2013
  7. ↑ Florian TV tower in Westfalenpark Dortmund will be renovated by November WAZ online, July 23, 2011, accessed on March 29, 2013
  8. ↑ Restaurants in the Florian Tower are about to restart RuhrNachrichten.de, February 24, 2012, accessed on March 29, 2013
  9. ↑ The Turmcafé in Florian , accessed on April 7, 2013.
  10. ↑ Thomas Thiel: Restaurant in Dortmund's Florian Tower closes , WAZ, April 2, 2015, accessed on September 18, 2016.
  11. ↑ Florianturm , muto heimatgastronomie GmbH, Dortmund, accessed on June 17, 2017
  12. ↑ No. A 0864. List of monuments of the city of Dortmund. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: dortmund.de - Das Dortmunder Stadtportal. Monument Authority of the City of Dortmund, April 14, 2014, archived from the original on September 15, 2014 ; accessed on June 15, 2014 (size: 180 kB). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dortmund.de
  13. ↑ DerWesten, FUNKE DIGITAL GmbH & Co. KG: Florian Tower, Dortmund TV Tower - warning lights and stairwell. January 23, 2014, accessed December 14, 2014 .
  14. ↑ That is why the Florian Tower is not closed. In: WAZ. March 31, 2013, accessed December 14, 2014 .
  15. ↑ FM station table NRW
  16. ↑ LfM / Media Broadcast: Media Broadcast is driving the development of a DVB-T2 platform for the terrestrial broadcast of HD programs. (No longer available online.) June 3, 2014, archived from the original on October 26, 2014 ; Retrieved December 3, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.media-broadcast.com
  17. ↑ Reception areas of DVB-T2 HD - first stage from May 31, 2016 as a PDF file