Telemax
|
Telemax
Radio transmission point Hannover 9
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
||||
| Basic data | ||||
| Place: | Hanover | |||
| Country: | Lower Saxony | |||
| Country: | Germany | |||
| Altitude : | 58 m above sea level NHN | |||
| Coordinates: 52 ° 23 '34.8 " N , 9 ° 47' 58.8" E | ||||
| Use: | Telecommunications tower , broadcasting station | |||
| Accessibility: | Transmission tower not open to the public | |||
| Owner : | German radio tower | |||
| Tower data | ||||
| Construction time : | 1989-1992 | |||
| Operating time: | since 1992 | |||
| Total height : | 282 m | |||
| Viewing platform: | 185 m | |||
| Total mass : | 43,000 t | |||
| Data on the transmission system | ||||
| Waveband : | FM transmitter | |||
| Radio : | VHF broadcasting | |||
| Send types: | DVB-T, DAB | |||
| Position map | ||||
|
||||
The Telemax is a telecommunications tower built between 1989 and 1992 in Hanover . The 282 m high tower is the fifth highest in Germany and is a widely visible landmark of the state capital of Lower Saxony . It replaced the old television tower ("Telemoritz") built in the late 1950s in the city center .
The owner of the Deutsche Funkturm (DFMG), a subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom , calls it the “ radio transmission center Hannover 9”. Its characteristic architecture with a square shaft and asymmetrically arranged operating pulpit ( tower cage ) in the form of a cube gives it a special visual position.
location
The Telemax is located about 6 km northeast of the city center in the Groß-Buchholz district . Because of its good visibility in the urban area, it can be used as an orientation mark. Even outside it is visible from the Autobahn from a distance of around 30 km, for example from the A 2 near Sievershausen , in good weather . Once a year at CeBIT , the tower was illuminated at night in the Telekom company color magenta .
General
The tower has a viewing platform at a height of 185 meters, which was accessible for events. In 1997 received Hans U. Böckler for the design of the structure of the rebar price of the tower The Art of Bewehrens . Its construction is unusual, as it has a square base . Prof. Heinrich Rothert from the University of Hanover calculated the statics and thus broke new ground, because there was no comparable structure at the time.
Originally, the construction of a much simpler round tower was planned. However, when the plans were submitted for approval, the designation "Type Kiel" was to be read on a plan, because in Kiel there is a smaller version of the originally planned. As a result, the city officials decided not to build a Kiel type in Hanover. The planning of the telecommunications tower had to start again. The architectural concept then came from the Danish firm Dissing + Weitling .
The radio tower is no longer open to the public. In the past there was the well-attended "Little Festival at the Big Tower" several times, during which elevator rides were possible almost to the very top.
Surname
The names Telemax and Telemoritz were determined in 1992 by a vote of Hanover citizens on the Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung . The names are an allusion to the story " Max and Moritz " by Wilhelm Busch . Eight years after the Telemax went into operation, the old telecommunications tower "Telemoritz" in the city center was sold by DeTeImmobilien to Volkswagen AG in 2000 for a symbolic price and has since been used as the VW Tower for the Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles division , which is based in Hanover Has.
Building description
The telecommunications tower is 282 meters high, which is 2 meters higher than the Heinrich Hertz Tower in Hamburg. 17,000 m³ of concrete and 4,000 tons of structural steel were used for the construction . The total mass is 43,000 tons. The foundations extend 16 m deep into the ground. The tower shaft has a square base area of 11 meters on each side; its walls are one to two meters thick. In addition to the elevators, a staircase with around 1100 steps leads to a height of 200 meters. The operating pulpit is attached asymmetrically to the lowest of seven antenna platforms as a cube with an edge length of 20 m. At the end of the shaft there is an 85 tonne and about 50 meter high steel lattice transmitter mast . At the top there is a 30 meter high GRP cylinder with the lightning arrester basket and the red flight warning system .
Frequencies and Programs
Analog radio (FM)
|
Frequency (MHz) |
program | RDS PS | RDS PI | Regionalization |
ERP (kW) |
Antenna diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 87.6
(switched off in favor of 100.0 on June 1, 2017) |
Radio Hanover | HANOVER | 1B82 | - | 0.1 | D (210-300 °) | H |
| 94.0 | Deutschlandfunk | __Dlf___ | D210 | - | 0.1 | D (70-90 °, 120-190 °, 230-290 °, 320-10 °) | H |
| 100.0 | Radio Hanover | HANOVER | 1B82 | - | 0.3 | ND | H |
| 104.9 | Radio 21 |
104.9_H_ RADIO_21 |
D68A (regional), D38A |
center | 0.5 | D (230-40 °, 70-80 °, 140-180 °) | H |
| 106.5
(switched off after license withdrawal on April 30, 2019) |
Radio Leinehertz 106.5 | _LeineHz | 1083 | - | 0.3 | D (290-190 °) | H |
| 107.4 | Classic radio | CLASSIC_ | D75B | - | 0.15 | D (210-90 °, 110-180 °) | H |
Digital radio ( DAB / DAB + )
Since August 1, 2011, digital radio in the DAB + standard has been broadcast in horizontal polarization in the single frequency network with other transmitters. In addition to the nationwide multiplex, the program offered by Norddeutscher Rundfunk was added on November 22, 2011.
Digital television ( DVB-T2 )
The DVB-T2 control operation launched on March 29, 2017. The DVB-T2 broadcasts in HEVC place in simulcast (Single Frequency Network) with other sites. The public broadcasters can be received free of charge, the private broadcasters are largely encrypted and broadcast via the DVB-T2 platform freenet TV .
Send parameters
| Used by (HD Programs per Mux) | Modulation method |
Code rate | FFT mode | Guard interval |
Pilot tones | Data rate [Mbit / s] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Freenet TV (5–7) | 64-QAM | 2/3 | 32k extended | 1/16 | Pilot Pattern 4 | 27.6 |
| ZDF (5) | 64-QAM | 3/5 | 16k extended | 19/128 | Pilot Pattern 2 | 22.0 |
| ARD Digital (NDR) (5) NDR regional (5) |
64-QAM | 1/2 | 16k extended | 19/128 | Pilot Pattern 2 | 18.2 |
The following DVB-T follow-up could be received by June 30, 2017:
| channel |
Frequency (in MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (in kW) |
Antenna diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
TV standard DVB-T / DVB-T2 |
Modulation method |
Video compression |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate [Mbit / s] |
SFN with |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 56 | 754 | NDR (DVB-T old) |
|
20th | ND | H | DVB-T | 16-QAM | MPEG-2 | 2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Braunschweig-Broitzem , Braunschweig city center , Hanover (Telemax) , Hanover-Hemmingen , Hildesheim (Sibbesse) |
Digital television ( DVB-T )
From 2004 to March 28, 2017, there were regular DVB-T broadcasts from this station. They walked in single-frequency operation (Single Frequency Network) with other transmitter sites.
Regular DVB-T operations at this location ended on March 28, 2017.
Former offer:
| channel |
Frequency (in MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (in kW) |
Antenna diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
TV standard DVB-T / DVB-T2 |
Modulation method |
Video compression |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate [Mbit / s] |
SFN with |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 | 490 | ZDFmobil | 20th | ND | H | DVB-T | 16-QAM | MPEG-2 | 2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Braunschweig-Broitzem , Braunschweig city center , Hanover (Telemax) , Hanover-Hemmingen , Hildesheim (Sibbesse) , Wildemann | |
| 24 | 498 | RTL-NDS + HB | 20th | ND | H | DVB-T | 16-QAM | MPEG-2 | 2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Braunschweig-Broitzem , Braunschweig city center , Hanover (Telemax) , Hanover-Hemmingen | |
| 28 | 530 | NDS Mux 1 | 20th | ND | H | DVB-T | 16-QAM | MPEG-2 | 2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 |
Hanover (Telemax) , Hanover-Hemmingen
Attention: Braunschweig-Broitzem , Braunschweig city center deviating on K60. |
|
| 36 | 594 | ARD regional (NDR-NDS) |
|
40 | ND | H | DVB-T | 16-QAM | MPEG-2 | 2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 |
Braunschweig-Broitzem , Braunschweig city center , Hanover (Telemax) , Hanover-Hemmingen , Hildesheim (Sibbesse) , Wildemann
Since November 10, 2016: Stadthagen deviates from K39 |
| 44 | 658 | Pro7Sat1-NDS + HB | 20th | ND | H | DVB-T | 16-QAM | MPEG-2 | 2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Braunschweig-Broitzem , Braunschweig city center , Hanover (Telemax) , Hanover-Hemmingen | |
| 47 | 682 | ARD Digital (NDR) | 50 | ND | H | DVB-T | 16-QAM | MPEG-2 | 2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Braunschweig-Broitzem , Braunschweig city center , Hanover (Telemax) , Hanover-Hemmingen , Hildesheim (Sibbesse) , Stadthagen , Wildemann | |
| 56 | 754 | NDS Mux 2 | 20th | ND | H | DVB-T | 16-QAM | MPEG-2 | 2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Braunschweig-Broitzem , Braunschweig city center , Hanover (Telemax) , Hanover-Hemmingen |
A (DVB-T2) multiplex channel was broadcast from May 31, 2016 to March 28, 2017. The public broadcasters were free to receive, the private broadcasters were broadcast in encrypted form via the DVB-T2 platform freenet TV .
| channel |
Frequency (in MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (in kW) |
Antenna pattern round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
TV standard DVB-T / DVB-T2 |
Modulation method |
Video compression |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate [Mbit / s] |
SFN with |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40 | 626 | DVB-T2 pilot mux | 5 | ND | V | DVB-T2 | 64-QAM | HEVC | 2/3 | 1/16 | 27.60 | Braunschweig-Broitzem , Braunschweig city center , Hanover (Telemax) |
Analog television (PAL)
Before the switch to DVB-T in mid-2004, the broadcasting location continued to be used for analog television. The program Das Erste for the Hanover region was broadcast by the Hemmingen broadcaster.
| channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
program |
ERP (kW) |
Transmission diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 | 495.25 | ZDF | 150 | ND | H |
| 36 | 591.25 | RTL Television (Lower Saxony / Bremen) | 5 | ND | H |
| 40 | 623.25 | SAT.1 (Lower Saxony / Bremen) | 5 | ND | H |
| 44 | 655.25 | NDR television (Lower Saxony) | 150 | ND | H |
See also
- List of tallest television towers
- List of the television towers and transmission systems of the German radio tower
- List of DAB stations in Germany
literature
- Hans-Peter Wiechers, Martina Flamme-Jasper (texts), Heinrich K.-M. Hecht et al. : (Photos): Telemax. Architecture & Landmarks. Ed .: Deutsche Telekom AG, Hanover branch, Rüdiger J. Schulz, Hanover: Benatzky Druck und Medien (printing), 2000
- Martin Wörner, Ulrich Hägele, Sabine Kirchhof: Architectural Guide Hanover. 1st edition, Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 2000, ISBN 978-3-496-01210-8 , p. 153.
- Cornelia Krause: Telecommunications in a square. Telecommunication tower in Hanover. in: Deutsche Bauzeitung , July 1993, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hanover buildings in comparison. City of Hanover, accessed on September 22, 2018 .
- ↑ http://www.haz.de/Hannover/Aus-der-Stadt/Uebersicht/Hannovers-Telemax-wird-25
- ↑ Nationwide digital radio network starts broadcasting ( Memento from September 12, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
- ^ Antenna digital (DAB +) - starting regions in the broadcasting area of the NDR ( Memento from November 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Data sheet DVB-T2 HD Lower Saxony. (PDF) NDR.de, accessed on April 1, 2017 .
- ^ North German Broadcasting: DVB-T station list for central and southern Lower Saxony. (PDF; 64 kB) Retrieved September 14, 2013 .
- ↑ Channel search required in the Schaumburg and Hameln regions | NDR.de