Flensburg transmitter
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Flensburg transmitter
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| Basic data | ||||
| Place: | Flensburg | |||
| Country: | Schleswig-Holstein | |||
| Country: | Germany | |||
| Altitude : | 59 m above sea level NHN | |||
| Coordinates: 54 ° 47 ′ 30.6 " N , 9 ° 30 ′ 12.2" E | ||||
| Use: | Broadcasting station | |||
| Owner : | Northern German Radio | |||
| Mast data | ||||
| Construction time : | 1988-1990 | |||
| Building material : | steel | |||
| Operating time: | since 1990 | |||
| Total height : | 215 m | |||
| Data on the transmission system | ||||
| Wavebands : | FM stations , AM stations | |||
| Radio : | VHF broadcasting , MW broadcasting | |||
| Send types: | DVB-T, DAB | |||
| Position map | ||||
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The Flensburg transmitter is a facility for broadcasting radio.
Today's Flensburg broadcaster of the North German Broadcasting Corporation uses a 215-meter-high, guyed steel framework mast as an antenna carrier. It is used to broadcast radio in the medium wave and VHF range as well as digital television. In contrast to most other transmission masts, which are also used to broadcast medium wave programs, this transmission mast is earthed. As a transmission antenna for medium waves, it carries a trap antenna .
history
First antenna
The original medium wave transmitter in the district of Jürgensby was on today's street Am Sender (in the district of Sender Flensburg-Jürgensby ) and was put into operation in 1928 by the Deutsche Reichspost . Originally, the Flensburg transmitter used a four-fold T antenna 25 meters in length, which was attached to two 60-meter-high wooden towers that were 80 meters apart. In 1934, the transmission power was increased from 500 watts to 3000 watts. On April 1, 1934, however, the private broadcasting company that operated the antenna was dissolved under pressure from the National Socialists . The two wooden towers of the T antenna were dismantled in August 1935 after replacements had been created shortly beforehand.
Wooden Eiffel Tower
On March 15, 1935, the construction of a 90 meter high wooden tower with a shrinkage-reducing half-wave single-wire antenna began , which began broadcasting on April 9, 1935. The transmitter or transmission mast was nicknamed " Eiffel Tower " due to its appearance . Until the German surrender , the Flensburg transmitter was one of the few systems that was still in the hands of the Nazi regime . For example, on May 1, 1945, the Reichsender Flensburg spread the propaganda lie from a provisionally set up studio at the Alte Post in downtown Flensburg that Hitler had found the “heroic death” in Berlin in the fight against the Russians. This was wrong because Hitler committed suicide on April 30th . On May 7, 1945 at 12:45 p.m. Lutz von Schwerin-Krosigk announced the unconditional surrender of the Wehrmacht for the first time from the German side via the Flensburg transmitter , i.e. the end of the Second World War in Europe . One day later, on May 8, 1945, from 12:30 p.m. to 12:40 p.m., Karl Dönitz again broadcast the news of the German surrender via the Flensburg broadcaster . In 1948 the station was transferred from Deutsche Post to Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk .
pencil
In 1957, the wooden tower was replaced by a 216-meter-high, guyed transmission mast, which, as it was also used to broadcast a radio program in the medium wave range, was isolated from the earth. Due to its clear presence, it dominated part of the eastern city skyline, which could be seen from the harbor . He was nicknamed "Pencil". Since chunks of ice falling from the transmitter mast always endangered the residents and since there was no longer any possibility of expansion at this location, the transmitter mast in Jürgensby was dismantled in 1990. When the transmitter was dismantled at that time, after the incorporation in the seventies, it should have been quite close to the geographical center of Flensburg,
New transmitter
In 1988, the new transmitter mast located at the current location, east of the Engelsby district in the Vogelsang district, on a hill called Fuchsberg , was built, which, in contrast to the old mast, is a grounded construction with a long-wire antenna for the medium-wave transmitter. Since the new transmitter is visually very similar to the old transmitter, it is sometimes also called a pencil. Its appearance is almost identical.
On January 13, 2015, the NDR switched off its medium wave transmitter, most recently the medium wave transmitter Flensburg.
Frequencies and Programs
Analog radio (VHF)
The following radio programs are broadcast on VHF by the Flensburg transmitter:
|
Frequency (MHz) |
program | RDS PS | RDS PI | Regionalization |
ERP (kW) |
Antenna pattern round (ND) directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) vertical (V) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 87.7 | NDR info | NDR_Info | D384 | - | 10 | D (200–210 °, 260–290 °) | H |
| 89.6 | NDR 1 wave north |
NDR_1_FL NDR_1_SH |
D5E1 (regional), D3E1 |
Flensburg | 25th | ND | H |
| 91.0 | N-Joy | _N-JOY__ | D385 | - | 0.5 | D (140–290 °) | H |
| 93.2 | NDR 2 | _NDR_2__ | D382 | - | 25th | ND | H |
| 94.2 | DR P1 / DR P2 | DR_P1 ___ / DR_P2___ | 9201 | - | 0.5 | D (320–20 °) | V |
| 96.1 | NDR culture | NDR_Cult | D383 | - | 25th | ND | H |
| 96.6 | DR P4 | DRP4_SYD | 9C02 | south | 0.5 | D (320–20 °) | V |
| 98.0 | DR P3 | DR_P3___ | 9203 | - | 0.5 | D (320–20 °) | V |
The private programs R.SH and delta radio as well as Deutschlandfunk are not broadcast by the Flensburg transmitter, but by the Freienwill telecommunications tower .
Analog radio (MW)
|
Frequency [kHz] |
program | Regionalization |
ERP [kW] |
Transmission diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 702 | NDR info special | - | 7.5 | ND | V | shut down on January 13, 2015 |
Digital radio (DAB / DAB +)
On November 22, 2016, the national DAB + program package and the DAB + program package of the North German Broadcasting Corporation were activated on this station.
Digital television (DVB-T2)
The DVB-T2 broadcasts in simulcast (Single Frequency Network) with other sites.
| channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (kW) |
Transmission diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
Modulation method |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate (Mbit / s) |
SFN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21st | 474 | Mixed multiplex from ZDF and freenet TV |
|
50 | ND | V | 64-QAM ( 16k mode) |
3/5 | 19/128 | 22nd | Flensburg-Engelsby , Schleswig, Bungsberg (NDR), Kiel telecommunications tower, Kiel transmitter |
| 39 | 618 | ARD regional (NDR) |
|
79 | ND | V | 64-QAM ( 16k mode) |
1/2 | 19/128 | 18.2 | Flensburg-Engelsby , Schleswig, Bungsberg (NDR), Kiel telecommunications tower, Kiel transmitter |
| 47 | 682 | ARD digital | 79 | ND | V |
64-QAM ( 16k mode) |
1/2 | 19/128 | 18.2 | Flensburg-Engelsby , Schleswig, Bungsberg (NDR), Kiel telecommunications tower, Kiel transmitter |
The following DVB-T follow-up could be received up to April 25, 2017:
| channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (kW) |
Transmission diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
Modulation method |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate (Mbit / s) |
SFN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 35 | 586 | NDR (DVB-T old) |
|
20th | ND | V | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Flensburg-Engelsby , Schleswig, Bungsberg (NDR) |
Digital television (DVB-T)
| channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (kW) |
Antenna diagram all around (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
Modulation method |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate (Mbit / s) |
SFN with |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | 602 (UHF) | Digi-TV-Mux 1 south |
|
0.1 | D. | H | 64-QAM | 2/3 | 1/4 | 19.91 | Flensburg-Engelsby , Aabenraa (Rothenkrug) |
| 50 | 706 (UHF) | Digi-TV-Mux 2 |
|
0.1 | D. | H | 64-QAM | 2/3 | 1/4 | 19.91 | Flensburg-Engelsby , Aabenraa (Rothenkrug) |
| 32 | 562 (UHF) | Boxer-Mux 3 South (encrypted) |
|
0.1 | D. | H | 64-QAM | 3/4 | 1/4 | 22.3 | Flensburg-Engelsby , Aabenraa (Rothenkrug) |
| 22nd | 482 (UHF) | Boxer Mux 4 |
|
0.1 | D. | H | 64-QAM | 3/4 | 1/4 | 22.3 | Flensburg-Engelsby , Aabenraa (Rothenkrug), Læsø, Schwenburg II, Tommerup |
| 49 | 698 (UHF) | Boxer-Mux 5 (encrypted, DVB-T2) |
|
0.1 | D. | H | 64-QAM | ? | ? | ? | Flensburg-Engelsby , Aabenraa (Rothenkrug), Schwenburg II, Tommerup |
former offer until March 28, 2017:
| channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (kW) |
Antenna diagram all around (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
Modulation method |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate (Mbit / s) |
SFN with |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 47 | 682 (UHF) | ARD Digital (NDR) | 50 | ND | V |
16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Flensburg-Engelsby , Schleswig, Kiel , Bungsberg (NDR) | |
| 39 | 618 (UHF) | ARD regional (NDR) Schleswig-Holstein |
|
50 | ND | V | 16-QAM | 2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Flensburg-Engelsby , Schleswig, Kiel, Bungsberg (NDR) |
| 21st | 474 (UHF) | ZDFmobil | 20th | ND | V | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Flensburg-Engelsby , Schleswig, Kiel, Bungsberg (NDR) |
Analog television (PAL)
Before the switch to DVB-T, the broadcasting location was still used for analog television:
| channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
program |
ERP (kW) |
Transmission diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4th | 62.25 | Das Erste (NDR) | 50 | D. | H |
| 10 | 210.25 | Das Erste (NDR) | 0.2 | D. | H |
| 33 | 567.25 | DR1 | 0.5 | D. | H |
| 54 | 735.25 | TV 2 (south) | 0.5 | D. | H |
literature
- The history of German medium wave transmission systems from 1923 to 1945, ISBN 978-3-939197-51-5 , pp. 64, 65 and 112.
Web links
- 40 years of Studio Flensburg in the Radio Journal
Individual evidence
- ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Flensburg 2009, article "Sendemast Flensburg".
- ^ A b Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! , Flensburg 2009, article “Pencil”.
- ↑ Flensburger Tageblatt : 150 years of the Flensburger Tageblatt: When the pencil replaced the Eiffel Tower , dated: November 8, 2015; Retrieved on: April 30, 2016
- ↑ German Broadcasting Archive : 75 Years of Radio in Germany, Abuse of Broadcasting, Perseverance instead of Victory Reports ( Memento of the original from September 4, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on: December 10, 2014
- ↑ Österreichische Mediathek : Announcement of the German capitulation on the radio ; Retrieved on: December 10, 2014
- ↑ Der Spiegel : There was no other way how Hitler's successor Karl Dönitz tried to save the spirit of the Nazi era beyond the hour zero , on May 8, 1995
- ^ Society for Schleswig-Holstein History, Sender Flensburg ( Memento of the original from December 31, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Retrieved on: December 10, 2014
- ^ City of Flensburg: City History 1946 - 1989 ( Memento from December 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on April 21, 2012
- ↑ Flensburger Tageblatt: When the pencil replaced the Eiffel Tower , November 8, 2015, accessed on November 13, 2015
- ↑ See Flensburg Journal : Flensburg Journal , number 136 from January 2014, page 47; Internet version accessed on April 5, 2014.
- ↑ https://www.ndr.de/der_ndr/technik/Die-Mittelwelle- geht-NDR-Info-Spezial-bleibt, mw100.html
- ↑ http://www.ndr.de/der_ndr/technik/DAB_Sendereinschalt_Flensburg,dabflensburg100.html
- ↑ MEDIA BROADCAST completes next expansion stage for nationwide digital radio multiplex ( Memento from December 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF)
