Telecommunication tower Kiel
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Telecommunication tower Kiel
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| Basic data | |||||||||||
| Place: | Kiel - Gaarden-Süd and Kronsburg | ||||||||||
| Country: | Schleswig-Holstein | ||||||||||
| Country: | Germany | ||||||||||
| Altitude : | 43 m above sea level NHN | ||||||||||
| Coordinates: 54 ° 18 ′ 2.1 ″ N , 10 ° 7 ′ 5.8 ″ E | |||||||||||
| Use: | Telecommunications tower , broadcasting station | ||||||||||
| Accessibility: | Transmission tower not open to the public | ||||||||||
| Owner : | German radio tower | ||||||||||
| Tower data | |||||||||||
| Construction time : | 1973-1974 | ||||||||||
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| Operating time: | since 1974 | ||||||||||
| Total height : | 226.9 m | ||||||||||
| Operation room: | 108.2 m | ||||||||||
| Data on the transmission system | |||||||||||
| Last modification (antenna) : | October 2004 | ||||||||||
| Waveband : | FM transmitter | ||||||||||
| Radio : | VHF broadcasting | ||||||||||
| Send types: | DVB-T2 HD , directional radio | ||||||||||
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| Position map | |||||||||||
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The Kiel telecommunications tower (also known as the Kiel television tower ) is the second tallest structure in Schleswig-Holstein at 226.9 meters . The digital television DVB-T as well as some VHF radio programs are broadcast from this telecommunications tower . It is located in the Gaarden-Süd district in the Vieburger Gehölz and is not open to the public.
history
Old telecommunications tower
The old Kiel telecommunications tower type tower (FTZ type C), which stood next to the newly built telecommunications tower for a few years, was built in 1956, was 54 meters high and had a diameter of 6 meters. From December 1956, it served the directional radio traffic of the German Federal Post Office and from April 1, 1963 as a transmitter for the ZDF in regular operation. The old transmission tower could no longer meet the increased requirements due to the growing number of television participants.
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For this reason the Oberpostdirektion Kiel decided on a new draft, which was submitted to the Federal Ministry for Post and Telecommunications for approval at the end of 1972. The relatively large tower head with a diameter of 40 meters was characteristic of this preliminary design. Due to the similarity of the top support structure on the Stuttgart telecommunications tower , which was built from 1969 to 1971, the experience gained on this tower could be used in the construction work.
In autumn 1979 the old type tower was demolished.
Today's telecommunications tower
The architects Gerhard Kreisel and Günter H. Müller from Kiel designed this special tower. Construction began on June 16, 1973, and the foundation was completed on December 23, 1973. The sliding work began on March 18, 1974, and the topping-out ceremony was held on November 15, 1974. The building construction was completed on October 31, 1975. The total height at the time of completion was about 230 meters.
In the course of the DVB-T expansion, the tower received a new antenna on October 23, 2004, which caused the tower to lose about five meters in height.
In 2016, a rope was stretched for regular concrete renovation, with which a work basket can transport material to the top of the tower.
Like all other large telecommunications towers, this building belongs to the Deutsche Funkturm , a subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom AG .
- Construction progress
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description
location
The telecommunications tower in Kiel is located in the district No. 13 Gaarden-Süd and Kronsburg in the Vieburger Gehölz forest. There are residential areas to the west and east of the site. To the northwest of the telecommunications tower is the Waldwiese stadium . A spur road leads to the tower from the north; the site itself may only be entered by company employees. From the south, a forest path leads to the tower's premises, which ends in the drivable cul-de-sac.
Due to its elevated position (43 m above sea level ) in the Vieburger wood, the tower can be seen from almost all sides of the city and the surrounding area. The Kiel television tower is the second tallest structure in Schleswig-Holstein after the 249 meter high Bungsberg transmitter . The Maritim Travemünde is 119 meters high, the tallest skyscraper and the tallest beacon in the country.
Building
The reinforced concrete shaft rests at a depth of 4 meters on a flat conical shell with a pressure plate and a prestressed ring foundation with a diameter of 31 meters. The inner ring has a diameter of 21 meters and the ring width is 5 meters. The foundation protrudes 9.50 meters into the ground. The pressure plate diameter measures 13.54 meters and the mean shell inclination is 30 ° with a shell thickness of 1.80 meters. The relatively flat cone reduces the compressive forces in the top plate and the hoop tensile forces. It also improves the bending moments. The foundation ring consists of five rings, each pre-tensioned by ten tendons. Dense sand was identified as the subsoil. The foundation was concreted in one operation within 24 hours.
The shaft, without antenna support, rises to a height of 211.50 meters. At ground level, the shaft has a diameter of 13.54 meters with a wall thickness of 80 centimeters. The thickness tapers up to 50 centimeters. At a height of 102.74 meters, this thickness increases again to 70 centimeters to absorb the load from the tower cage . There the shaft diameter is 7.04 meters. In the direction of the antenna carrier, the diameter decreases to 3.20 meters and the shaft thickness to 30 centimeters. Above the shaft is a 19.40 meter long steel antenna carrier, which is attached to the shaft with screw connections.
The tower cage at a height between 108.2 and 113 meters has an operating area of 625 square meters including ancillary rooms. The diameter of the tower cage is 40 meters. Similar to the Heinrich Hertz Tower in Hamburg and the Stuttgart telecommunications tower, a tried-and-tested ring-shaped hollow box system consisting of a conical shell and a prestressed ring and ceiling washers was used for the supporting structure of the company cage. The shell inclination is 18 ° - in comparison in Hamburg: 24 ° and Stuttgart: 20 °. The shell is 35 to 40 centimeters thick with a corresponding overhang of 15.40 meters. The ceilings were designed as plate beam ceilings with a 15 ° floor plan in the distribution of the radial girders.
reception
Replicas of the tower were made in Bremen , Münster and Cuxhaven . The prefabricated construction of the conical shell of the pulpit used in the construction of the Kiel tower was no longer used in the aforementioned replicas for copyright reasons.
Frequencies and Programs
Analog radio (VHF)
The following radio programs are broadcast by the telecommunications tower in Kiel:
|
Frequency (MHz) |
program | RDS PS | RDS PI | Regionalization |
ERP (kW) |
Antenna pattern round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 97.0 | Radio BOB! |
RADIOBOB |
D5EA (regional), D3EA |
Kiel | 0.5 | D (280–170 °, 200–250 °) | H |
| 97.4 | Classic radio | CLASSIC_ | D75B | - | 0.25 | D (260–30 °, 80–230 °) | H |
| 101.2 | Kiel FM | _Kiel FM_ | 10E1 | - | 0.08 | D (340-70 °) | H |
| 102.4 | R.SH |
R.SH_KI_ _R.SH ___ |
D5E8 (regional) D3E8 |
Kiel | 15th | ND | H |
| 104.7 | Deutschlandfunk culture | Dlf_Kult | D220 | - | 0.3 | D (40-310 °) | H |
| 105.9 | delta radio |
delta_KI _delta__ |
D5E9 (regional) D3E9 |
Kiel | 15th | D (70-340 °) | H |
Digital television (DVB-T2)
The DVB-T2 broadcasts in simulcast (Single Frequency Network) with other sites.
| channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (kW) |
Transmission diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
Modulation method |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate (Mbit / s) |
SFN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21st | 474 | Mixed multiplex from ZDF and freenet TV |
|
20th | ND | H | 64-QAM ( 16k mode) |
3/5 | 19/128 | 22nd | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) |
| 28 | 530 | freenet TV |
|
20th | ND | H | 64 QAM (32 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/16 | 27.6 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) |
| 39 | 618 | ARD regional (NDR) |
|
50 | ND | H | 64-QAM ( 16k mode) |
1/2 | 19/128 | 18.2 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) |
| 45 | 666 | freenet TV |
|
20th | ND | H | 64 QAM (32 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/16 | 27.6 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) |
| 47 | 682 | ARD digital | 50 | ND | H |
64-QAM ( 16k mode) |
1/2 | 19/128 | 18.2 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) | |
| 52 | 722 | freenet TV | 20th | ND | H | 64 QAM (32 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/16 | 27.6 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) |
The following DVB-T follow-up can be received by April 25, 2017:
| channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (kW) |
Transmission diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
Modulation method |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate (Mbit / s) |
SFN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 57 | 762 | NDR (DVB-T old) |
|
20th | ND | H | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) |
Digital television (DVB-T)
For transition to DVB-T2 on March 29, 2017, the DVB-T broadcasts in running frequency operation (Single Frequency Network) with other sites.
former offer:
| channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (kW) |
Transmission diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
Modulation method |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate (Mbit / s) |
SFN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21st | 474 | ZDFmobil | 32 | ND | H | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) | |
| 35 | 586 | ProSiebenSat.1 Media Hamburg / Schleswig-Holstein | 50 | ND | H | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) | |
| 39 | 618 | ARD regional (NDR) |
|
50 | ND | H | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) |
| 45 | 666 | RTL Group Hamburg / Schleswig-Holstein | 50 | ND | H | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) | |
| 47 | 682 | ARD Digital (NDR) | 40 | ND | H |
16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) | |
| 57 | 762 | Mixed private Schleswig-Holstein | 20th | ND | H | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13.27 | Telecommunications tower Kiel , telecommunications tower Kiel (Kronshagen) |
Analog television (PAL)
The following analog television programs were broadcast before the switch to DVB-T.
| channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
program |
ERP (kW) |
Transmission diagram round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 | 495.25 | RTL Television (Schleswig-Holstein) | 0.4 | D. | H |
| 35 | 583.25 | ZDF | 250 | ND | H |
| 37 | 599.25 | VOX | 3 | D. | H |
| 45 | 663.25 | ProSieben | 0.5 | D. | H |
| 53 | 727.25 | Sat.1 (Hamburg / Schleswig-Holstein) | 0.4 | D. | H |
| 55 | 743.25 | NDR television Schleswig-Holstein | 250 | ND | H |
Trivia
The company pulpit is illuminated on New Year's Eve and on other rare occasions.
See also
literature
- Jörg Schlaich , Ulrich Otto: The Kiel telecommunications tower in: Concrete and reinforced concrete construction , Verlag Wilhelm Ernst Sohn, Berlin, May 1977, No. 5 V. 72, pp. 117–120.
Web links
- Telecommunication tower Kiel. In: Structurae
- Kieler Nachrichten : The television tower turns 40, the architect 85 , article from October 31, 2015
Individual evidence
- ^ Society for Schleswig-Holstein History: Telegraf / Telephone / Radio
- ^ Schlaich, Otto: The telecommunications tower in Kiel in: Beton- und Stahlbetonbau , p. 117.
- ↑ Kristiane Backheuer: TV tower: The building of his life. 40 years ago today, Günter H. Müller finished it, just in time for his birthday. In: Kiel News . No. 254 . Kiel October 31, 2015, p. 29 .
- ^ Schlaich, Otto: The telecommunications tower in Kiel in: Beton- und Stahlbetonbau , p. 120
- ^ Schlaich, Otto: The telecommunications tower in Kiel in: Beton- und Stahlbetonbau , pp. 117, 118
- ^ Schlaich, Otto: The telecommunications tower in Kiel in: Beton- und Stahlbetonbau , p. 118