Billwerder-Moorfleet transmitter

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Billwerder-Moorfleet transmitter
Image of the object
Transmission system 2018
Basic data
Place: Hamburg-Moorfleet
Country: Hamburg
Country: Germany
Altitude : 1  m above sea level NHN
Coordinates: 53 ° 31 ′ 9.2 ″  N , 10 ° 6 ′ 10.2 ″  E
Use: Broadcasting station
Accessibility: Transmission system not accessible to the public
Owner : Northern German Radio
Demolition : 2016 (masts 2nd and 3rd)
Data on the transmission system
Tower / mast 1
Height: 304 m
Construction time: 1960
Operating time: since 1960


Tower / mast 2
Height: 184 m
Construction time: 1962
Operating time: 1962-2015


Tower / mast 3
Height: 121 m
Construction time: 1963
Operating time: 1963-2011


Tower / mast 4
Height: 77 m
Construction time: 1979
Operating time: 1979-2015
Waveband : VHF, UHF
Radio : VHF broadcasting
Send types: DVB-T, DVB-H, DAB
Position map
Transmitter Billwerder-Moorfleet (Hamburg)
Billwerder-Moorfleet transmitter
Billwerder-Moorfleet transmitter

The transmitter Billwerder-Moorfleet is a transmitter of the North German Broadcasting Corporation in the Hamburg district of Billwerder .

business

304 m mast for DVB-T and VHF

On May 2, 1924, Nordische Rundfunk AG ( NORAG ) began broadcasting on medium wave 759 kHz (395 m) with only 0.7 kW in Hamburg-Billwerder . Up until the Lucerne Wave Conference of 1933 to determine the frequencies in Europe from January 15, 1934, 2 kW to 10 kW were transmitted on different frequencies (764 kHz, 805 kHz and 945 kHz).

On April 1, 1934, the Billwerder-Moorfleet station began operating as Reichssender Hamburg with two powerful 100 kW medium-wave transmitters (904 kHz) in the network of the then large-scale broadcasting network . The antenna was guyed over a 145 m high wooden tower and from September 27, 1938, English news broadcasts could be heard in Great Britain. In 1940 a broadband triangular antenna was added.

All transmission systems remained intact until the end of the war, only the transmission mast had to be shortened to 85 m due to the war in 1941. After Hamburg's combat commandant Alwin Wolz , after authorization from the last Reich President Karl Dönitz , who was staying in Flensburg - Mürwik , signed the conditions for the handover of Hamburg to the British in the Villa Möllering near Lüneburg on May 3, the British soldiers marched in the afternoon of the day in town. The British began to control all areas of public life in the city. On May 4, 1945, the Hamburg broadcaster reported for the first time under British leadership with the words "This is Radio Hamburg, a station of the allied military government". The partial capitulation signed on that day was only announced on May 6th at midnight by the Reichsender Flensburg .

In 1947, the NWDR continued to transmit on medium wave 904 kHz via these systems until 1949, when a new 198-meter-high steel truss mast with a trap antenna and a transmitting antenna for VHF radio was erected on the top. On May 20, 1949, broadcasting began on VHF 89.6 MHz with a self-made 0.1 kW transmitter, which, however, had to be replaced on July 15, 1949 by a transmitter of the same power from Lorenz. At the end of 1952, the first broadcast of television programs in the VHF range with a 10 kW transmitter followed. In 1954 Hamburg 1 could be heard on 88.5 MHz with 10 kW transmission power, in 1958 the three programs Hamburg 1 (92.1 MHz, 5 kW), Hamburg 2 (88.5 MHz, 50 kW) and Hamburg 3 ( 96.3 MHz, 5 kW).

At the beginning of 1953 one of the two 100 kW medium wave transmitters (from 1934) was converted into a 20 kW long wave transmitter (151 kHz with single sideband modulation ), which then transmitted from mid-1953 to the end of 1962, most recently with 50 kW, in the direction of the Eastern Bloc. The German long wave transmitter served as a counterpart to the East German " Deutschlandsender ". The second 100 kW medium wave transmitter was switched to 971 kHz, as Italian and British transmitters of the same strength interfered with the old frequency of 904 kHz.

In 1964 the transmission mast from 1949 was demolished and installed in 1965 at the Kronshagen radio station to improve the VHF transmission performance. On February 5, 1966, both medium wave transmitters were replaced by new 300 kW transmitters. At the beginning of 2010, TRANSRADIO SenderSysteme Berlin received the order to replace an MW transmitter with a more efficient 100 kW transmitter, which was switched off on January 13, 2015.

On December 2, 2016 at 1:25 p.m., the two smaller transmission masts were blown up.

Antennas, frequencies and programs

AM broadcasting ( MW )

Medium wave transmission was discontinued on January 13, 2015. The last program NDR Info Spezial was broadcast on the frequency 972 kHz with 100 kW output. The associated transmitting antenna, which consisted of a 189 meter high, insulated from earth and divided into 101.8 meters into 2 parts with a separating insulator, erected in 1963 and a 77 meter high truss mast with triangular cross-section erected in 1979 and insulated from earth, was on Blown up December 2, 2016. The foundations of both masts have been preserved.

Tuning house of the former medium-wave transmission mast with a former mast foundation

Another medium-wave transmission mast, which served as a reserve antenna and was erected in 1963, was blown up on September 15, 2016.

FM broadcasting ( VHF )

In 1960, today's FM antenna system for VHF radio and television was built, which consists of a guyed tubular steel mast. This transmission tower has a diameter of two meters, 53 ° 31 '9 "  N , 10 ° 6' 10"  O . It was originally 255 meters high and has since been increased to 304 meters. It is the tallest structure in Hamburg .

In the case of directed radiation, the main radiation directions are indicated in degrees ( azimuth ) in the antenna diagram .

Frequency
(MHz) 		program RDS PS RDS PI ARI Regionalization ERP
(kW) 		Antenna pattern
round (ND) / directional (D) 		Horizontal polarization
(H)
90.3 NDR 90.3 NDR_90.3 1) D451 - - 80 ND H
89.5 NDR 1 wave north NDR_1_SH 1) D8E1 (regional), 
D3E1 		- Norderstedt 10 D (280 ° -40 °) H
87.6 NDR 2 NDR_2_HH , 
_NDR_2__ 1) 		D582 (regional), 
D382 		- Hamburg 80 ND H
99.2 NDR culture NDR_Cult D383 - - 80 ND H
92.3 NDR info NDR_Info D384 - - 5 D (350 ° -310 °) H
94.2 N-Joy _N-JOY__ 1) D385 - - 1 D (280 ° -40 °) H
88.7 Deutschlandfunk __DLF___ D210 - - 3.2 ND H
103.6 Radio Hamburg RADIO_HH 1) D358 - 80 ND H
1) Dynamic with music track information

Radio Hamburg was the last station in the world to broadcast the ARI identifier (Code C for the state of Hamburg). Owners of older radios were able to use the full functionality of ARI until at least August 2012.

Digital radio ( DAB )

DAB or DMB is broadcast in vertical polarization and in single-frequency mode with other programs.

block Programs ERP
(kW) 		Antenna pattern
round (ND) /
directional (D) 		Single frequency network (SFN)
5C
DR Germany
(D__00188) 		DAB + block of media broadcast: 1 ND
10A
NDR HH
(D__00240) 		DAB + block of the North German Radio 4th ND Hamburg (Heinrich Hertz Tower) , Hamburg (Moorfleet)
10C
NDR SH
(D__00393) 		DAB + block of the North German Radio 2 ND Hamburg (Moorfleet) , Henstedt-Ulzburg


The mobile phone TV operator MFD has returned the licenses for digital mobile television (DMB). All projects in Germany relating to this standard have been discontinued. For the transmission of mobile phone TV, DVB-H has prevailed, not least because of the approval of DVB-H by the EU Commission. A test operation started on June 1, 2008. The operator is called Mobile 3.0. The transmission frequencies used will be in the VHF and VHF-III bands.

Digital television (DVB-T2)

The DVB-T2 broadcasts in simulcast (Single Frequency Network) with other sites.

channel Frequency
(MHz) 		Multiplex Programs in multiplex ERP
(kW) 		Transmission diagram
round (ND) /
directional (D) 		Polarization
horizontal (H) /
vertical (V) 		Modulation
method 		FEC Guard
interval 		Bit rate
(Mbit / s) 		SFN
23 490 ARD digital 16 ND H 64-QAM 
( 16k mode) 		1/2 19/128 18.2 Broadcasting station Hamburg-Moorfleet , Heinrich-Hertz-Turm, Lübeck-Berkenthin, Lübeck-Stockelsdorf, Hamburg-Rahlstedt (Höltigbaum), Wedel (Wittsmoor)
40 626 ARD regional (NDR) 5 ND H QPSK
( 16k  mode) 		1/2 19/128 6th Broadcasting station Hamburg-Moorfleet , Heinrich-Hertz-Turm
41 634 ARD regional (NDR) 16 ND H 64-QAM
( 16k  mode) 		1/2 19/128 18.2 Broadcasting station Hamburg-Moorfleet , Heinrich-Hertz-Turm , Lübeck-Berkenthin, Lübeck-Stockelsdorf, Hamburg-Rahlstedt (Höltigbaum), Wedel (Wittsmoor)

Digital television (DVB-T)

For transition to DVB-T2 on March 29, 2017, the DVB-T broadcasts from the pipe mast of the NDR in running frequency operation (Single Frequency Network) with other sites.

former offer:

channel Frequency
(MHz) 		Multiplex Program in the multiplex ERP
(kW) 		Antenna
diagram
all around (ND) /
directional (D) 		Polarization
horizontal (H) /
vertical (V) 		Modulation
method 		FEC Guard
interval 		Bit rate
(Mbit / s) 		SFN with
transmitter
28 530 ARD Digital (NDR) Hamburg 100 D. H 16-QAM 2/3 1/4 13.27
54 738 ARD regional (NDR) Hamburg 32 D. V 64-QAM 1/2 1/8 16.59

Analog television

The broadcasting of the analog TV channels was discontinued with the introduction of DVB-T. The following channels were recently in use:

channel Frequency
(MHz) 		program ERP
(kW) 		Transmission diagram
round (ND) /
directional (D) 		Polarization
horizontal (H) /
vertical (V)
9 203.25 Das Erste (NDR) 100 ND H
26th 511.25 NDR television (Schleswig-Holstein) 10 D. H
56 751.25 NDR television (Lower Saxony) 500 D. H

Meteorological use of the transmission mast

The Meteorological Institute of the University of Hamburg has been operating measuring devices for temperature , humidity and wind speed on the 304-meter-high mast since 1967 . The data is recorded at six heights on the mast (50, 70, 110, 175, 250 and 280 m) with high temporal resolution, which is particularly useful for researching turbulence, as the turbulent flows of momentum and heat can be determined. The current measured values ​​are freely accessible on the Internet.

There is also a 10 meter high aluminum lattice mast for measurements close to the ground, which is mounted on a former perdune foundation.

See also

Web links

broadcast

meteorology

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rundfunkchronik 1924 ( Memento from March 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Lucerne Wave Conference 1933 ( Memento from August 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ AM frequency lists 1926-1978
  4. ↑ Rundfunkchronik 1934 ( Memento from March 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ^ Letter to the Citizen. Announcements of the Bürgererverein Lüneburg eV number 75 , from: May 2015; Page 11 f .; accessed on: May 1, 2017
  6. ↑ Oliver Schirg: By night and fog: Hamburg's surrender. In: Hamburger Abendblatt, April 18, 2015, pp. 20–21 ( online ).
  7. ↑ Norddeutscher Rundfunk : On the silk thread: Hamburg's way to surrender , from: May 2, 2015; accessed on: May 1, 2017
  8. ↑ Rundfunkchronik 1945 ( Memento from February 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ↑ Gerhard Paul u. Broder Schwensen (Ed.): May '45. End of the war in Flensburg , Flensburg 2015, p. 71
  10. ↑ TV Chronicle 1948-1954 ( Memento from March 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ^ Grundig station list September 1, 1953: Hamburg 1 88.5 MHz (10 kW). Hamburg 2 95.1 MHz (0.04 kW). - Hamburg 3 96.3 MHz (0.1 kW).
  12. ↑ ARD Chronicle 1965
  13. ^ Renewal of the medium wave transmitter in Hamburg-Moorfleet, press release January 19, 2010
  14. ↑ https://www.ndr.de/der_ndr/technik/Die-Mittelwelle- geht-NDR-Info-Spezial-bleibt, mw100.html
  15. ^ NDR: transmitter masts in Moorfleet fallen. In: www.ndr.de. Retrieved December 2, 2016 .
  16. ↑ Detailed illustration of the antenna system
  17. ↑ Medium wave transmission mast Hamburg-Billwerder . emporis.com. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
  18. ^ Reflector mast Hamburg-Billwerder . emporis.com. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
  19. ^ Reserve medium wave transmitter mast Hamburg-Billwerder . emporis.com. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
  20. ^ Wittsmoor list (PDF file; 14 kB); VHF frequencies Hamburg
  21. ↑ http://www.ndr.de/unternehmen/technik/digitalradio/karten131.pdf
  22. ↑ http://www.ndr.de/unternehmen/technik/digitalradio/karten131.pdf
  23. ^ Wittsmoor list (PDF file; 13 kB); UHF frequencies Hamburg ; DVB-T - list for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein
  24. ^ The Hamburg weather mast . wettermast.uni-hamburg.de. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
Commons : Sender Billwerder-Moorfleet  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files