Transmitting systems on the Großer Feldberg
Transmitting systems on the
Großer Feldberg Radio transmission point Königstein 1
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Basic data | |||||||||||||
Place: | Great Feldberg | ||||||||||||
Country: | Hesse | ||||||||||||
Country: | Germany | ||||||||||||
Altitude : | 879 m above sea level NHN | ||||||||||||
Coordinates: 50 ° 13 ′ 55.9 ″ N , 8 ° 27 ′ 31.7 ″ E | |||||||||||||
Use: | Telecommunication system , radio transmitter | ||||||||||||
Accessibility: | Transmission system not accessible to the public | ||||||||||||
Owner : | Hessischer Rundfunk , German radio tower | ||||||||||||
Data on the transmission system | |||||||||||||
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Last modification (transmitter) : | October 2004 | ||||||||||||
Waveband : | FM transmitter | ||||||||||||
Radio : | VHF broadcasting | ||||||||||||
Send types: | Directional radio , amateur radio service | ||||||||||||
Position map | |||||||||||||
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On the Großer Feldberg im Taunus ( Hochtaunus ) - near Ober- and Niederreifenberg in the municipality of Schmitten in the Hessian Hochtaunuskreis - there are several transmission systems for television, radio and amateur radio .
Telecommunications tower
In 1937, a telecommunications tower made of reinforced concrete and a wooden structure was built on the Großer Feldberg ( 879 m above sea level ) , which was originally intended to serve as a television transmission tower and was used for military purposes during the Second World War . In 1945 the tower was almost completely destroyed after being hit by bombs. The reconstruction took place in 1950/51 in a different form. Because of its unique construction, it has been a listed building since 1987 . The antenna of the former VHF radio and UHF TV transmission system on the Großer Feldberg telecommunications tower was dismantled in 2007.
The Deutsche Funkturm (DFMG), a subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom , is the owner of the tower and is operated by T-Systems , also a subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom.
Here, until the switch to DAB-T / DVB-T Hit Radio FFH (105.9 MHz with 100 kW ) and AFN (98.7 MHz with 60 kW) were broadcast horizontally and ZDF ( Channel 34 with 500 kW) and hr television (channel 54 with 500 kW) also broadcast horizontally as omnidirectional.
Observation tower
The observation tower , built in 1902 by the Taunus Club , was rammed by a German military aircraft in the thick fog in 1943 and burned out completely. In 1949 the Hessischer Rundfunk rebuilt the tower with the antenna carrier for the VHF frequency on its top. The antenna carrier is now a reserve system.
hr tubular mast
The tallest structure on the Großer Feldberg is a 116.17 m high, guyed tubular mast of the Hessian Radio for broadcasting radio and television programs.
When T-Systems was still operating the transmission system on the telecommunication tower, the high-speed FM programs and Das Erste (Channel 08 with 100 kW in omnidirectional radiation and horizontal polarization ) were broadcast from the high-speed tubular mast.
On October 4, 2004, DVB-T broadcasts began here together with two other locations in the Rhine-Main area. Since the DVB-T conversion in the remaining parts of Hesse on May 29, 2006, all radio services, be it television or radio, have been broadcast from the hr pipe mast. Due to the higher antenna position, the effective radiated power of AFN has been reduced from 60 kW to 50 kW horizontal omnidirectional radiation.
On January 18, 2017, AFN handed over the 98.7 MHz frequency, on which the numerous American military bases in the Rhine-Main area and in the Gießen / Wetzlar area had been supplied for over 50 years, to Deutschlandfunk . This is the first time that it can be received nationwide in the region on VHF. Since then, AFN can only be heard in Wiesbaden via the Mainz-Kastel transmitter for the nearby military installations.
hr building
The Hessischer Rundfunk building with the broadcasting hall and switch room is located between the hr tube mast and the observation tower. The building has a reserve mast.
Frequencies and Programs
Analog radio (FM)
The first VHF radio program in the Rhine-Main area started here. In 1952 the HR Frankfurt or First Program was broadcast on 89.3 MHz with 10 kW ERP . Another program, then called the Second Program (today's hr2-kultur ), also ran with 10 kW ERP at 93.3 MHz. In 1954 the first program broadcast with 60 kW ERP on 88.5 MHz, the second program then ran on 92.1 MHz, also with 60 kW ERP. Back then, all frequencies ran in horizontal omnidirectional radiation, just like today.
In the case of directed radiation, the main radiation directions are given in degrees in the antenna diagram .
Frequency (MHz) |
program | RDS PS | RDS PI | Regionalization |
ERP (kW) |
Antenna pattern round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
94.4 | hr1 | __hr1___ 1) | D361 | - | 100 | ND | H |
96.7 | hr2 culture | __hr2___ 1) | D362 | - | 100 | ND | H |
89.3 | hr3 | __hr3___ 1) | D363 | - | 100 | ND | H |
102.5 | hr4 | hr4_Sued, __hr4___ 1) |
D864 (regional), D364 |
Rhine-Main | 100 | ND | H |
105.9 | Hit Radio FFH | __FFH-F_, HITRADIO / ___ FFH__ 1) 2) |
D668 (regional), D368 |
Rhine-Main | 100 | ND | H |
98.7 | Deutschlandfunk | __Dlf___ | D210 | - | 60 | ND | H |
- 1) Sometimes dynamic with program information, music track information or web addresses
- 2) Dynamic, partly with news
Digital radio (DAB)
DAB or Digital Mobile TV (DMB) is in vertical polarization and the simulcast broadcast single frequency network () with other stations. DAB from Hessen Digital Radio in Band III VHF started here on January 1, 2001 and was only broadcast from here until November 1, 2001.
The mobile phone TV operator MFD returned the licenses for DMB in 2008. All projects in Germany relating to this standard were terminated by 2010. For the transmission of mobile phone TV, DVB-H , which was endorsed by the EU Commission , initially prevailed.
Digital television
DVB-T
The DVB-T broadcasts from the tube mast of the Hessischer Rundfunk run in single-frequency operation with other broadcasting locations. This network was the first of its kind in the whole of Hesse when it gradually started on October 4 and December 6, 2004. It was stopped on March 29, 2017.
channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (kW) |
Antenna pattern round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
Modulation method |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate (Mbit / s) |
SFN |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
22nd | 482 | ZDFmobil | 50 | ND | V | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13,271 | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, telecommunications tower Hohe Wurzel, Rimberg ( Knüll ) | |
34 | 578 | RTL Group Hessen |
|
50 | ND | V | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13,271 | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, telecommunications tower Hohe Wurzel |
37 | 602 | ARD Digital (hr) | 50 | ND | V | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13,271 | Großer Feldberg ( Taunus ) , Europaturm ( Frankfurt ), telecommunications tower Hohe Wurzel (Taunus near Wiesbaden ), Würzberg ( Odenwald ) | |
39 | 618 | ARD regional (hr) Rhein-Main | 50 | ND | V | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13,271 | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, telecommunications tower Hohe Wurzel | |
52 | 722 | Mixed private Rhein-Main ( Media Broadcast , BetaDigital [Tele 5]) |
HbbTV services
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50 | ND | V | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13,271 | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, telecommunications tower Hohe Wurzel |
54 | 738 | ProSiebenSat.1 Media Hessen | 50 | ND | V | 16 QAM (8 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/4 | 13,271 | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, telecommunications tower Hohe Wurzel | |
59 | 778 | DVB-T2 HD media broadcast , freenet TV |
50 | ND | V | 64 QAM (32 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/16 | 27.620 | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, telecommunications tower Hohe Wurzel |
DVB-T2 HD
On May 31, 2016, the broadcast of the high definition DVB-T2 HD in the Rhine-Main area began. Since then, Das Erste, ProSieben , Sat.1 , RTL , VOX and ZDF can be received via antenna on channel 59 with 50 kW from Feldberg in High Definition (HD). The Europaturm in Frankfurt am Main and the telecommunications tower Hohe Wurzel in Wiesbaden also broadcast the HD signal on channel 59. Regular operation of DVB-T2 started on March 29, 2017.
channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
Multiplex | Programs in multiplex |
ERP (kW) |
Antenna pattern round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
Modulation method |
FEC |
Guard interval |
Bit rate (Mbit / s) |
SFN |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
22nd | 482 | ZDFmobil | 50 | ND | V | 64-QAM ( 16k mode) |
3/5 | 19/128 | 22nd | Großer Feldberg ( Taunus ) , Europaturm ( Frankfurt ), Hohe Wurzel (Taunus near Wiesbaden ), Darmstadt-Weiterstadt Darmbach, Rimberg ( Knüll ) | |
25th | 506 |
ProSiebenSat.1 Media Media Broadcast , freenet TV |
|
50 | ND | V | 64 QAM (32 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/16 | 27.60 | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, Hohe Wurzel, Darmstadt-Weiterstadt Darmbach |
31 | 554 |
RTL Group Media Broadcast , freenet TV |
|
50 | ND | V | 64 QAM (32 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/16 | 27.60 | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, Hohe Wurzel, Darmstadt-Weiterstadt Darmbach |
34 | 578 | ARD regional (hr) Rhein-Main | 50 | ND | V | 64-QAM ( 16k mode) |
3/5 | 19/128 | 22nd | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, Hohe Wurzel, Darmstadt-Weiterstadt Darmbach, Würzberg ( Odenwald ) | |
42 | 642 | ARD Digital (hr) | 50 | ND | V | 64-QAM ( 16k mode) |
1/2 | 19/128 | 18.34 | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, Hohe Wurzel, Darmstadt-Weiterstadt Darmbach, Rimberg | |
47 | 682 | Mixed private Rhein-Main Media Broadcast , freenet TV |
|
50 | ND | V | 64 QAM (32 k mode) |
2/3 | 1/16 | 27.60 | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, Hohe Wurzel, Darmstadt-Weiterstadt Darmbach |
Amateur radio
Amateur radio relays are housed in the old telecommunications tower of the DFMG and in the observation tower of the hr . The relays are often called “2 m Feldberg” or “70 cm Feldberg” among radio amateurs . The amateur radio relay is operated by the Taunus Relais Group . It reports current faults and provides detailed information on the system on the Großer Feldberg on its website.
Relay type | Callsign | tape | Others |
---|---|---|---|
FM relay | DB0FT | 2 m + 70 cm | Location: DFMG, VHF relay with 2 receivers, UHF relay / multimode relay |
FM relay | DB0HRF | 70 cm | Location: observation tower |
FM shortwave relay | DF0MOT | 10 m | Location: observation tower, receiver on Kl. Feldberg (DB0MOT) |
Paging transmitter POCSAG | DB0HRF | 70 cm | Location: observation tower |
Packet radio digipeater | DB0HRF | 70 cm / 23 cm | Location: observation tower |
Digital relay | DB0HRF | 70 cm | Location: observation tower, D-STAR Digital Voice |
Digital relay | DB0HRF | 23 cm | Location: observation tower, D-STAR Digital Voice |
Digital relay | DB0HRF | 23 cm | Location: observation tower, D-STAR Digital Data |
Digital relay | DF0MOT | 70 cm | Location: observation tower, APCO-P25 standard |
Digital relay | DF0MOT | 70 cm | Location: observation tower, DMR standard, DMR + network |
Digital relay | DF0MOT | 70 cm | Location: observation tower, DMR standard, fire supervisor network |
Digital relay | DB0HRF | 70 cm | Location: Observation tower, Yaesu system fusion (Continuous 4 level FM) |
Changes in recent years
Analog radio
The military radio service AFRTS (Armed Forces Radio and Television Service), to which AFN TV and AFN Radio belong, introduced the identifier 98.7 ___ on May 10, 2004, after no RDS PS had been activated so far . On May 29, 2006, all VHF radio programs that had previously been broadcast from the telecommunications tower were relocated to the hr tube mast. At the beginning of April 2008, AFRTS changed the RDS-PS identifier to AFNEAGLE .
Frequency (MHz) |
program |
ERP at the DTAG telecommunications tower (kW) |
ERP on the hr tubular mast (kW) |
---|---|---|---|
105.9 | Hit Radio FFH | 100 | 100 |
98.7 | AFN The Eagle Hessen / Z-98 | 60 | 50 |
The other parameters correspond to the VHF table , with the AFN frequency being transferred to Deutschlandfunk in January 2017.
Analog television
Before DVB-T started , the following programs ran in analogue PAL on the Großer Feldberg until December 6, 2004 .
channel |
Frequency (MHz) |
program |
ERP (kW) |
Antenna pattern round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
Transmission mast |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8th | 196.25 | The first (hr) | 100 | ND | H | hr tubular mast |
34 | 575.25 | ZDF | 500 | ND | H | DTAG telecommunications tower |
54 | 735.25 | hr television | 500 | ND | H | DTAG telecommunications tower |
Digital television
The DVB-T transmission antennas are only mounted on the hr tube mast on the Großer Feldberg.
At the start of DVB-T in Rhine-Main on October 4, 2004, changes were made to the channel distribution. Channel 57 in Aschaffenburg Gailbach ( Stengerts ) with ProSieben (then 200 W horizontal omnidirectional radiation) was discontinued. Channel 22 in Wiesbaden with AFN Prime Atlantic (Hessen) was relocated to channel 42 and ran unchanged with 2 kW horizontal omnidirectional radiation until the beginning of June 2008. On October 4, 2004, Kanal 22 ( ZDFmobil Multiplex : ZDF, ZDFinfo with 3sat , KiKA with ZDFneo and the now discontinued MHP service ZDFdigitext ) and Kanal 57 ( ARD Digital national / regional multiplex: Das Erste (hr), the former Hessen Fernsehen , the then Südwest Fernsehen RP and Phoenix ) are already going digital . The other channels (8: Das Erste (hr), 34: ZDF and 54: Hessen Fernsehen) continued to run analogue until December 6, 2004. On that day, Kanal 64 (mixed private Rhein-Main Multiplex: rheinmaintv , Eurosport and the now discontinued terranova and tvnah ) was added. In Rhein-Main, vertical polarization has been chosen for the transmission of DVB-T in order to facilitate indoor antenna reception .
On May 29, 2006, in the course of the introduction of DVB-T in other areas of Hesse, some changes were made to the channel occupancy and the technical parameters of the transmitters in Rhine-Main. For example, the multiplex ARD Digital national (hr) was moved from channel 8 to channel 57, as Band III VHF reception in indoor antenna areas is very difficult with the antennas often included with DVB-T receivers . These antennas are mostly only suitable for UHF band IV / V reception. For this reason and because of the plan to sporadically switch on Dolby Digital content behind its main programs Das Erste (hr) and HR television, which require more bit rates, the HR decided to multiplex these programs on a Band IV / V UHF channel and adjust the parameters of Band III VHF channel 8 in favor of more stable reception behavior by changing the error protection from 3/4 to 2/3. This adjustment leads to a lower total bit rate of channel 8, which offered a bit rate of 13.06 Mbit / s until May 29, 2006 and today only offers 11.61 Mbit / s. That is why the broadcasting of WDR television has been dispensed with in favor of better picture quality in the other programs. At the same time, the full broadcast of the EinsFestival program , which previously occupied its own program slot, has been discontinued throughout Hesse . Now arte shares a program space with EinsFestival (now renamed one). The HR uses the freed-up capacity for the aforementioned Dolby Digital transmissions. Likewise, the saving of a program space should in turn lead to better picture quality for the other programs in the multiplex of channel 57.
On December 4, 2007, the multiplex ARD Digital national (hr) was moved from channel 57 to channel 37. This channel was previously in operation on Donnersberg ( Kirchheimbolanden ) in the Palatinate and for decades it broadcast the ZDF program analogously. The multiplex ARD Digital national ( SWR ) is now running on channel 57 on the Donnersberg.
At the beginning of June 2008 a DVB-H test of Mobile 3.0 started on channel 42 from the Europaturm in Frankfurt. As a result, AFN Prime Atlantic Hessen from Wiesbaden was moved from channel 42 (2 kW ND H ) to channel 29 and now only runs with 1 kW horizontal omnidirectional radiation. Due to a better frequency situation, in some cases even better reception of AFN was possible than before.
On July 15, 2008, the analog terrestrial broadcast of AFN Prime Atlantic Hessen was discontinued in all of Hessen. Channel 29 in Wiesbaden has been out of service since then.
The DVB-H test run ended in November 2008.
After a long time, on November 7, 2008 , a fourth program was switched on again in the mixed private multiplex Rhein-Main on Kanal 64 with Bibel TV .
On November 25, 2008, in the course of the activation of DVB-T at Pfaffenberg near Aschaffenburg, the regional version North (Franconia) on Bavarian TV for DVB-T in the Rhine-Main area was activated. Before that, the version south (Swabia / Old Bavaria) was activated.
On October 27, 2010, the mixed private multiplex Rhein-Main switched from channel 64 to channel 52. Since the frequency auction 2010 for LTE , the area over channel 60 has been reserved for other services.
Future changes
Following the coordination and agreement of the Regional Radiocommunication Conference 2006 (RRC 06), channels that can be used for Hessen in the future have been defined internationally. The decision-making authority at national level with regard to the allocation of channels to the program providers rests with the Federal Network Agency (BNetzA), which could theoretically also determine a different distribution of the available channels.
In DAB, a Band III VHF channel is divided into four parts, also known as four blocks or, in the case of frequency coordination, also called four layers. With DVB-T, a band IV / V UHF channel (in exceptional cases also a band III VHF channel) is equal to a multiplex or bouquet . Here the channel is referred to as a layer in the frequency coordination.
The coordination according to RRC-06 is listed below. The entries relating to the Großer Feldberg are highlighted.
DAB
block | Layer | Coverage area |
---|---|---|
12C (in operation) | VHF layer 1 | Hesse |
11C | VHF layer 2 | Hesse |
06A | VHF layer 3 | South Hesse |
06C | VHF layer 3 | North Hesse |
06D | VHF layer 3 | Central Hesse |
DAB / DVB-T
block | Layer | Coverage area |
---|---|---|
07A | VHF layer 4 | Hesse |
07B | VHF layer 4 | Hesse |
07C | VHF layer 4 | Hesse |
07D | VHF layer 4 | Hesse |
DVB-H
The DVB-H standard was created for mobile devices with a small display and offered a very robust signal. Some of the services that should be transmitted here should be freely available, and some should be subscribed to for a fee. The operation did not get beyond a test phase. It was planned that DVB-H would ideally be broadcast like DVB-T from several locations in single-frequency operation. According to planning by the Hessian State Authority for Private Broadcasting and New Media (LPR Hessen), regular DVB-H operation was planned in Hesse in the following coverage areas - also known as coverage areas. Tests under the Mobile 3.0 (MFD) joint venture ended on November 2, 2008 and the licenses were then returned. A large-scale restart of the system under a new operator consortium was not implemented.
channel | Layer | Coverage area |
---|---|---|
28 | UHF layer 4 | North Hesse |
47 | UHF layer 6 | Central Hesse |
42 | UHF layer 6 | Rhine-Main , South Hesse |
DVB-T
The following RRC-06 assignments are already in operation in Hesse (sorted according to the respective multiplex).
channel | Layer | Multiplex | SFN |
---|---|---|---|
32 | UHF layer 5 | ARD Digital (hr) | Essigberg , Hoher Meißner , Rimberg , Angelburg |
37 | UHF layer 5 | ARD Digital (hr) | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm , Hohe Wurzel , Würzberg |
55 | UHF layer 2 | ARD regional (hr) North Hesse | Essigberg, Hoher Meissner |
39 | UHF layer 2 | ARD regional (hr) Rhein-Main | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, Hohe Wurzel |
35 | UHF layer 3 | ARD regional (hr) East Hesse | Rimberg, Heidelstein (assigned to North Hesse) |
24 | UHF layer 2 | ARD regional (hr) Central Hesse | Fishing castle |
42 | UHF layer 1 | ZDFmobil | Essigberg, Hoher Meissner |
22nd | UHF layer 1 | ZDFmobil | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, Hohe Wurzel, Rimberg |
21st | UHF layer 1 | ZDFmobil | Wurzberg, Königstuhl |
54 | UHF layer 2 | ProSiebenSat.1 Hessen | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, Hohe Wurzel |
34 | UHF layer 4 | RTL Group Hessen | Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, Hohe Wurzel |
The assignments in the following table are still available.
channel | Layer | Coverage area |
---|---|---|
52 | UHF layer 6 | North Hesse |
58 | UHF layer 4 | Central Hesse |
59 | UHF layer 3 | Rhine-Main , South Hesse |
61 | UHF layer 7 | Nordhessen, Mittelhessen Reserved for LTE since the frequency auction 2010 , see digital dividend |
63 | UHF layer 7 |
Rhein-Main , Südhessen (only available from 2015) Reserved for LTE since the frequency auction 2010 , see digital dividend |
The channels below do not correspond to the RRC-06 assignment for the respective area and can move to the assignments that are still free.
channel | Multiplex | SFN |
---|---|---|
25th | ZDFmobil | Heidelstein |
45 | ZDFmobil | Fishing castle |
43 | ARD Digital (hr) | Heidelstein |
52 | Mixed private Rhine-Main |
Großer Feldberg , Europaturm, Hohe Wurzel In operation as a replacement since the clearing of Canal 64 in the Rhine-Main area, possibly permanent occupancy and thus deviation from the plan of the RRC06. This coverage is Layer 2 in Northern Hesse. |
53 | ARD regional (hr) South Hesse | Wurzberg |
See also
- List of transmitters in Hessen
- List of the television towers and transmission systems of Deutsche Telekom
Web links
- Taunus Relais Group - amateur radio transmitters in Großer Feldberg
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt : Statistisches Jahrbuch 2011/12, Volume 2, Page 21; Retrieved January 5, 2014
- ↑ The telecommunications tower on the Großer Feldberg / Ts. In: Bäsembinner Bläädche. wolfenhausen.de, October 25, 2013, accessed on May 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Tower without a point. (No longer available online.) In: faz.net. FAZ , March 22, 2007, archived from the original on May 26, 2015 ; accessed on March 28, 2018 .
- ↑ Helmut Bode (ed.): The Feldberg book . Waldemar Kramer Verlag, 1992, ISBN 3-7829-0303-X .
- ↑ Hesse's highest construction site is on the Großer Feldberg. In: FAZ faz.net, August 19, 2004, accessed on May 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Patrick Jütte: US military broadcaster AFN is moving. In: fr-online.de. Frankfurter Rundschau , January 18, 2017, accessed on January 20, 2017 .
- ^ The duo of the Feldberg broadcasting station. In: Frankfurter Rundschau. fr-online.de, July 23, 2014, accessed on May 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Reception areas of DVB-T2 HD - first stage from May 31, 2016. (PDF) In: dvb-t2hd.de. Project office DVB-T2 HD Germany, June 2016, accessed on January 20, 2017 .
- ↑ Relay status of the Taunus relay group. Taunus Relais Group, accessed on March 14, 2017 .
- ↑ Roland Brugger, Alexander Schertz, Michael Pausch: The reorganization of the spectrum for digital terrestrial broadcasting: - Results of the Regional Radiocommunications Conference RCC-06 -. (PDF; 1.58 MB) In: teleko.cz. IRT , July 17, 2006, archived from the original on April 11, 2012 ; accessed on May 22, 2016 .