Zeche Massener civil engineering

Zeche Massener civil engineering
General information about the mine
Information board for the Massener Tiefbau mine
Funding / year	Max. 659,762 t
Information about the mining company
Employees	up to 3795
Start of operation	1859
End of operation	1925
Successor use	Surrender of fields to the Alter Hellweg colliery
Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates	51 ° 31 '57 "  N , 7 ° 38' 24.6"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 31 '57 "  N , 7 ° 38' 24.6"  E
Location of the Massener civil engineering mine
Location	Crowds
local community	Unna
District ( NUTS3 )	Unna
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Ruhr area

The Zeche Massener Tiefbau was a hard coal mine in the area of Dortmund-Wickede and Unna-Massen . The mine was also called coal mine engineering Massener I known. From 1911 the mine was called Zeche Massen . The Massener Tiefbau colliery was one of the founding members of the Rheinisch-Westphalian coal syndicate .

history

The beginnings

As early as the middle of the 19th century, the first coal-boreholes were drilled in the Kurler Weiden, in Lanstrop and in Husen . On June 21, 1854 the union of Massener Gesellschaft für Kohlenbergbau was founded. The union acquired a minefield between Massen and Wickede. The field had a size of 23.1 km². The sinking of the shafts 1 and 2 of the bill Massener civil engineering began in 1855. Both shafts were in Wickede set . Schacht Massen 1 was also called Schacht Carl . The shaft was used for extraction . Shaft masses 2 was placed next to shaft masses 1 and was intended as a drainage shaft. In 1856 there were strong water inflows in the Massen field. On January 25 of the same year, the square mass VI was awarded . In the same year, work began on building a second civil engineering facility in the north field. The sinking work for the two shafts Iseln 1 and Iseln 2 began in Kurl. The two shafts were located 1400 Lachter northwest of the Massener shafts. The Massen II field was awarded on January 27 of the following year and the Massen IV field on February 22nd. That same year, the shaft 2 at a mass reached a depth of 83 m, the Carboniferous . The sinking work on shaft 1 was deferred at a depth of 31 m . In addition, the fields Masses I, Masses XII, Asseln VIII, Asseln X to Asseln XIV were awarded this year. In addition, the fields Mass III and Mass XI were awarded for the mining of iron ore and hard coal. In 1858 another eight fields were awarded. In the Massen 1 shaft, the sinking work was initially resumed, but the sinking work was postponed again at a depth of 38 m. The sinking work continued on shaft 2. In 1859, in the Massen 2 shaft, at a depth of 123 m (-38 m above sea ​​level ), the weather floor was set as the first floor. In the same year, the second level was set at a depth of 162 m.

The first years of operation

Production began in September 1859. In the Iseln construction site, the Carboniferous was reached at a depth of 176 m. At a depth of 184 m (- 110 m above sea level) an auxiliary weather bed was set up. Then the first level was set at a depth of 190 m (- 116 m NN). In December of the same year, the mountain authorities approved the ride . In the same month, a small subsidy for personal use began in the construction site Asseln. The production was initially only carried out in the western shaft (Asseln 1), as the eastern shaft (Asseln 2) had not yet been sufficiently sunk. The coals were conveyed with an iron conveying bucket , a steam-driven reel was used for conveying . Since at the time no screening plant and no coal washing plant were available, the promoted coals were manually loaded into wagons and during the loading process by hand ausgeklaubt . In 1860 the mine was connected to the railway. In the following year, the second level was set in the Iseln construction site at a depth of 255 m. At that time, the mine belonged to the upper mining authority district Dortmund and there to the mountain area Hamm. In the construction field masses already three this year were seams in Verhieb been taken. A 51 inch and a 26 inch thick seam had been cut through in the northern weather crosscut . A disturbance had been run into behind the seams . Several faults were approached in the Iseln construction site . Two crosscuts, one to the north and one to the south, were driven on the bottom of the weather. Several seams that were up to 90 inches thick were approached. In the same year, production started in shaft Asseln 2, shaft 1 was now used for dewatering . At this time, problems with firedamp were increasing . On March 26, a firedamp explosion occurred in the mine , killing five miners . The first conveyor baskets were installed in shaft Asseln 1 (western shaft) . In addition, the first hoisting machine was installed between the two shafts . On September 6 of the same year there was another firedamp explosion in which four miners lost their lives. After two more pit fields had been awarded in 1862, seven square fields were given to the Hörder coal works.

In 1863 the Asseln 1/2 facility was renamed Courl 1/2. On April 14 of the same year, the mining authority approval for the consolidation of all fields under the name "Massener Tiefbau" was granted. The mine field had a size of 58.4 km² and was at that time the largest mine field of a single mine in Westphalia. On the bottom of the weather, the cross passage was driven to the north to a length of 190 Lachtern. A 26 inch thick, irregular, seam was cut through during the excavation . A fault was approached with the western meteorological route. On the partial bottom, the northern cross passage was driven further to a length of 280 Lachtern. In the western invert section, the main fault was approached with a length of driveway . In the area of ​​shaft 1, a shaft underpass was created on the first level. In October 1864 there was a water ingress. As a result, operations had to be interrupted for three months. In 1865, the shaft 1 from the first floor was by breaking completed. On September 2 of the same year there was a firedamp explosion in the Courl construction site, in which four miners were killed. In the following year, shaft 1 to level 2 was completed on the construction site. In the same year, mining began in shaft 1. From then on, shaft 2 was used for dewatering and rope travel. On October 19 of the same year, the Mass XX field was awarded. In 1868, shaft 2 was sunk deeper to the third level in the Courl operating area. This level was at a depth of 309 m (- 235 m above sea level). The shaft received a new hoisting machine and was used as a hoisting shaft. In 1870 the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. The dewatering shaft was sunk 31 holes down to a depth of 118 holes. On March 7th of that year there was a firedamp explosion on masses 1/2 in which seven miners lost their lives. At that time, the mine was part of the Oestlich Dortmund mining area.

The further expansion of the mine

Due to financial difficulties, the mine owners were forced to act. Therefore, the Courl 1/2 facility was sold in 1871. This made the Courl plant independent. The authorized masses covered at this time an area of ​​21.7 km². In the same year, the third level was set in the Massen 1 shaft at a depth of 270 m (- 185 m above sea level). The following year was for ventilation instead of Weather furnace , a pit fan installed. On July 2, 1873 there was another firedamp explosion; four miners were killed. On August 21st, the eastern mine sheath was straightened with the approval of the mining authorities . A 1.9 km² part of the field was exchanged with the Königsborn colliery. The right now covered an area of ​​21.4 km². In the following year there was a water ingress. For this reason, the 3rd level had to be swamped , and due to the high water inflow, part of the field had to be dammed . As a result, funding was temporarily suspended. On March 15, 1877, the company was converted into the Massen union. From 1882 a coking plant was operated at the Massen mine . On September 19, 1883, a firedamp explosion occurred with 16 deaths. In 1885, the sinking work on shaft 2 was resumed and it was started to sink the shaft deeper. The following year, the 4th level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 384 m (- 301 m above sea level). The shaft was sunk further down to a final depth of 398 m (- 315 m above sea level). In 1888, bread and clothing were sold to the miners at cost.

In 1889 the Massen union became the Massener Bergbau AG. On January 30, 1890, a cage crashed in shaft 2. As a result, funding had to be suspended by February 10 of the same year. On October 12 of the same year, a fire completely destroyed the shaft building of the production shaft and the separation. As a result, funding was only possible to a limited extent for six weeks. In 1891, shaft 1 received an iron headframe . In order to divert the so-called marl water, an auxiliary shaft was sunk south of shafts 1/2 this year. The shaft reached a depth of 39 m. At this depth, a breakthrough was created with the old shaft. In 1895, the sinking of shaft 3 began. The shaft was set up in Unna-Niedermassen, 1.4 km northeast of shafts 1/2. In 1896 the shaft reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 114 m. In the same year the shaft was penetrated with the second level. In 1897, shaft 3 reached the third level and then went into production. This year, several seams were on the mine in different departments in Verhieb . Chickens and cherry trees were extracted in the seams above the fourth level. Seams A, No. 1, No. 2, No. 2 3/4, No. 3, to No. 6 were partially prepared in the northern construction site. In some cases, however, dismantling has already taken place. In the construction site of Shaft II, heavily disturbed rock layers were encountered when driving the departmental crosscuts. On November 15 of the same year a coking plant was put into operation. The coking plant was equipped with 60 ovens. In addition, four new grain wall boilers, which were heated with coke oven gas , were put into operation. The following year, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. The fourth level was set at a depth of 365 m (- 295 m above sea level). The shaft was sunk further down to a final depth of 378 m (- 308 m above sea level). In 1900, the excavation work on shaft 4 began. The shaft was set up in Niedermassen near the Reckerdingsmühle. The shaft was located 1.3 km east of shaft 3.

The further operation

In 1901, a cable car began to be installed between shafts 3 and 4. In the same year, shaft 4 reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 114 m. The first level was set at a depth of 135 m (-68 m above sea level). In the same year the shaft was penetrated with the second level. This year 14 party shifts were carried out at the mine . In the following year, 2 further sinking work was carried out on the shaft. This year another 17 party shifts were carried out at the mine. In 1903, the north-east field, which was dammed up in 1900, was swamped from the weather shaft 4. In the same year the cable car between shafts 3 and 4 was completed. The cable car was used for the transport of backfilled mountains . In 1905 the 5th level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 554 meters (-470 m above sea level). The shaft was sunk to a depth of 559 m. In the same year the cable car was extended from shaft 3 to the operating area mass 1/2. After shaft 1 had been completely rebuilt, production up to the fourth level took place in 1906. In 1909, the fourth level began to sink a die next to shaft 3. On the third level, the eastern straightening section reached a length of 2.5 km in the same year. From 1910 the mine was only called Zeche Massen . In 1911, AG Buderus'sche Eisenwerke from Wetzlar took over Bergbau- Aktiengesellschaft Massen . On April 1st, a briquette factory was put into operation on part 1/2 . In the die at shaft 3, the 5th level was set in the same year at a depth of 532 m (- 463 m above sea level). The Buderus field was acquired on June 30 of that year. The field had a size of 1.5 km². The briquette factory was shut down around the middle of 1916. In 1920 the 6th level was set in the Gesenk at shaft 3 at a depth of 650 m (- 566 m above sea level). At that time, the rights covered an area of ​​22.9 km². In 1923, the third level of the weather shaft 3 was penetrated. In the same year the briquette factory was put back into operation.

The last few years until the shutdown

In 1924, the sinking work for shaft 5 began. The shaft was set up en masse in Bahnhofstrasse. In the same year the water inflow in the Masses field reached a value of 17 m³ per minute. On July 1, 1925, the Massen 1/2 plant was shut down. On December 23 of the same year there was a change of ownership, the new owner was the Siebenplaneten union. On December 31, shafts 3 and 4 and Teufschacht 5 were closed due to inefficiency. Shafts 1, 2, 3 and 4 each received a concrete cover in the following year and were initially kept open. The daytime facilities were demolished and shaft 5 and the marl shaft were backfilled . In 1928 a 1.4 km² area of ​​the field was given to the Alter Hellweg colliery . The right now covered an area of ​​21.5 km². In 1936 part of the field was given to the Caroline mine . In the same year the shafts 1/2 were partially filled. In 1951, the remaining mine field was sold to the Alter Hellweg (Heinrich Bergbau AG) union. In 1962, shaft 3 was provided with a concrete cover and shafts 1 and 2 were completely filled.

Promotion and workforce

Light, medium-quality fatty coals were extracted from the mine. The first known sponsorship and workforce figures date from 1859; At that time 92 miners were employed at the mine, who produced 5,102 Prussian tons of hard coal . In 1860, 3286 tons were extracted. In 1865, 407 employees extracted 54,731 tons. In 1870 a production of 185,539 tons was achieved. This promotion was provided by 842 miners. In 1875 the production sank to 67,961 tons. The number of employees this year was 397. In 1880, with 582 employees, a production of 208,763 tons was achieved. In 1885, with 795 employees, 232,382 tons were extracted. In 1890, the production sank to 212,919 tons. The number of employees this year was 864.

In 1895, 304,537 tons were mined with 1212 employees. In 1900, production exceeded the 500,000-ton mark for the first time. With 2301 employees, 551,358 tons were extracted. In 1905 production fell to 473,024 tons. The number of employees this year was 1995. In 1910, 2314 employees produced 576,000 tons. The maximum production of the mine was achieved in 1913, with 2807 employees 659,762 tons were extracted. In 1915, 1947 employees produced 459,074 tons. In 1920 the production amounted to 490,576 tons. The number of employees this year was 3577. In 1925, 3795 people were still employed at the mine; 520,950 tons were extracted. These are the last known sponsorship and workforce figures.

Current condition

At Altwickeder Hellweg on the city limits between Dortmund and Unna, only the colliery wall, an operating building and the two manhole covers bear witness to the shaft system 1/2. The site is used privately today. Next to the former facility there is still a dump , but it is only 10 m high. Most of the formerly much higher pile was used in the 1970s for the construction of the A44 motorway . The remains of the heap are now partially forested and have been made accessible.

The daytime facilities of shaft 3 were almost completely demolished after the shutdown. Today only the former entrance gate on Dortmunder Strasse remains; the shaft area with the cover of shaft 3 was fenced off.

Shaft 4 was located approx. 1500 m northeast of shaft 3 on today's Reckerdingsweg road. A colliery building is still there; the former factory premises are also privately owned. In the ditch of the Reckerdingsweg opposite the mine there are also foundations of the former cable car, which was built in 1905 between the shafts 1/2 and 4.

literature

• Heinz Sydow (with the assistance of Joachim and Wolfgang Huske): Massener Tiefbau 1854–1925. The story of a colliery on the eastern edge of the Ruhr district. Unna 1991.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af} Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (=  publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum, 144). 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957.
3. ^ ^{A b c d} Frank Obermann, Berthold Neidert: Memories from Kurl / Husen . In: Heimatverein Kurl / Husen eV (ed.): Heimatbote, association magazine of the Heimatverein, No. 47, Dortmund-Kurl December 2011, p. 15.
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z} Peter Voss: The mines in the Unna district. Picture chronicle of the mines Freiberg, Caroline, Massener Tiefbau, Alter Hellweg, Königsborn, Monopol, Haus Aden, Prussia, Victoria, Minister Achenbach, Hermann, Werne, Stollen- und Kleinzechen . Regio-Verlag, Werne 1995, ISBN 3-929158-05-1 .
6. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862.
7. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863.
8. ↑ ^{a b} Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume nineteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1871.
9. ↑ ^{a b} Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume 46, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898.
10. ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874.