Johann Friederich colliery
| Johann Friederich colliery | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
| other names | Johann Friedrich colliery | ||
| Mining technology | Underground mining | ||
| Funding / year | Max. 84,909 t | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Employees | Max. 263 | ||
| Start of operation | 1768 | ||
| End of operation | 1870 | ||
| Successor use | Baaker Mulde colliery | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 25 '23.9 " N , 7 ° 11' 2.8" E | ||
|
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| Location | Linden trees | ||
| local community | Bochum | ||
| Independent city ( NUTS3 ) | Bochum | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The Johann Friederich colliery is a former hard coal mine in the Linden district of Bochum . The mine was also known as the Johann Friedrich colliery . The colliery was in operation for over 100 years.
history
The beginnings
The three tunnels of the mine were known as early as 1750. In 1764, a presumption was made that seams had already been dismantled earlier under the name of Johann-Friedrich-Bänke. Jorgen Heinrich Hüser and the court clerk JB Cramer acted as mother . The inspection of the find took place on April 3 of the same year. An experimental shaft was built in 1764, but this shaft was banned by the mining authorities . A length field was awarded this year . The award was approved by a sovereign decree on July 9th. On January 31, 1765, a tunnel was set up, the tunnel mouth hole was near the Rauendahl. This tunnel was 26 meters higher than the St. Mathias Erbstollen . On April 10, 1768, the mining permit for the tunnel was granted. From the following year the mine was in operation in the area of Nachtigallstrasse and Am Bliestollen. In 1772 coal was started to be delivered to Kleve on the Ruhr.
The further operation
From 1775 the mine was in regular operation. This year tunnels 1 to 3 were operated. The mine was still in operation from 1780 to 1782. In 1783, several were tonnlägige shafts up to the already constructed seams geteuft . This year the seams 1 to 3 were in the ground . On June 2 of 1784 the mine was by the head of the Mark Berg Revieres, the Baron von Stein , navigate . The Anna Catharina colliery was one of 63 mines that vom Stein visited on its eighteen-day journey through the Brandenburg mountain area. Vom Stein noted in his log that the mine was extracting poor quality coal and was not able to sell this coal to Cleve. He criticized the mine’s overproduction and gave this as the reason for the current high inventory. A length field was awarded on April 10, 1786. In 1787 a tunnel shaft was sunk. In the same year there was partial consolidation with the St. Mathias Erbstollen. The reason for this measure was the dismantling of the common seams. A common railroad was built to the Ruhr defeat at the Hattinger Bridge. The railroad was 1.6 kilometers long and was the first railroad in Germany. In 1797 the August shaft was sunk into the Friedrich 1 seam, also known as the Luise seam. In 1789, on the basis of a contract with War Commissioner Halle, coal from the Johann Friederich colliery was delivered to the county of Moers. In addition, there was brisk trade with Holland at this time .
The expansion of the mine
In 1800 the mining above the tunnel floor was stopped, the reason for this was the exhaustion of the supplies. In the same year, Schacht August was in funding . The orientation of the deposit was made now from St. Mathias Erbstollensohle east. However, the Erbstollen did not reach the tunnel of the Johann Friederich colliery. In 1803 the breakthrough took place with the St Mathias Erbstollen. The following year, the mining of the St. Mathias Erbstollen sole began. In 1805 the mines Rudolph and August were mined. In the same year, the Caroline shaft, which took several tons, was sunk. The shaft had a shallow depth of 41 laughs and reached into the Johann Friedrich seam. A horse peg was used as a drive . In 1810, Schacht Caroline went into production. In the following year, the Fortuna shaft, which took several tonnes, was sunk into the Johann Friedrich 3 seam, also known as the seam president. In 1815 the Fortuna and Caroline shafts were in operation. In 1811 the sinking work began for the Fortuna shaft, which took several tons. In 1828 the coal defeat of the Johann Friederich colliery and the coal defeat of the St. Mathias Erbstollen were converted into one large coal defeat. In 1836 the Johann Friederich colliery was the seventh best of all 115 mines in the Brandenburg region. In 1842 the seams to the west of the Mathias Erbstollen were aligned . In 1851 the coal reserves above the St. Mathias Erbstollen sole were exhausted. This year, some beehive ovens were built near the Ruhr defeat . These ovens were used to produce coke . The Johann Friederich colliery, together with the Papenbank colliery and the St. Mathias Erbstollen, was called the Baaker colliery .
The last few years until the consolidation
In 1855 the mine belonged to the Märkisches Bergamts district and there to the jury area Dahlhausen . On the mine were four seams with different thicknesses in Verhieb . The thickness of one seam varied between 18 and 20 inches . One seam was 40 inches high, the other two seams were 46 and 48 inches thick. The degraded coals were days over the St. Mathias Erbstollen promoted . About day the coals were transported via the Heintzmann's rail using horses to carbon defeat an der Ruhr. In the same year work began on digging a seigeren shaft on the northern edge of Rauendahl . The shaft, which was later called the Baaker Mulde shaft, was intended to enable the transition to civil engineering . The shaft had a rectangular shaft disc measuring 8.53 by 2.67 meters. At the end of the year it reached a depth of 21.7 meters. In the following year the shaft reached the bottom of the St. Mathias Erbstollen at a depth of 30 meters. In the same year a Malakoff tower was built over the shaft. In 1857 a contract was signed with Wilhelm's Erbstollen . The contract included the dismantling of coal supplies in the western field of Wilhelm's Erbstollen. The sinking work on the civil engineering shaft proceeded rapidly this year, the shaft reached a depth of 50 1/8 puddles this year . In the following year the shaft was sunk by 14 3/8 pools and reached a depth of 64 3/4 pools by the end of the year. During the sinking work there was only a small inflow of water. In 1859 the shaft reached a depth of 131 meters, at a depth of 129 meters the second level was set.
In 1860 mining began in civil engineering. In the same year, mining in the eastern part of St. Mathias Erbstollen Sole was stopped. The production in the St. Mathias Erbstollen was also stopped. A siding was laid from the shaft to the Ruhr. In 1861 a contract was signed for the construction of an auxiliary building in the foreign Freudenberg field. In the following year, the mining of Wilhelm's Erbstollen was stopped. In 1863, on the first excavation level, the Sohlenort to the east reached a length of 196 7/8 Lachter. The bottom location was needed for the alignment of the sunken seam part east of the main fault . When driving, seams No. I and No. II drive through. In addition, this year in seam No. I was driven up to the western bottom of the weather by 21 laughs. On the first construction level, in seam II, the western level was driven by 23 holes. At that time the mine belonged to the Dahlhausen mining area . In 1867, the cable car was introduced in the shaft . In 1868 a mine connection railway was installed. The railway had a 114 Lachter long tunnel and was designed for horse operation. Since the operation as a civil engineering shaft was very cost-intensive, the trades were forced to get additional capital. Therefore an agreement was sought with the neighboring mines in order to unite all mines in the Baaker Mulde under one roof. In the same year an agreement was reached between the mines Dickebaeckerbank , Johann Friederich and the St. Mathias Erbstollen to consolidate the mines . Until 1869, the coal produced was shipped exclusively on the Ruhr. On December 12, 1870, the Johann Friederich colliery consolidated with the other mines to form the Baaker Mulde colliery. The mine director of the Johann Friederich colliery became the provisional managing director . On the same day, the Dortmund Oberbergamt confirmed this consolidation.
Promotion and workforce
The first production figures come from the year 1825, 4559 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1830 the production rose to 9,300 tons of hard coal. In 1836 12,529 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1840, the production was 51,478 Prussian tons of hard coal. In 1845 10,686 tons of hard coal were mined. The first workforce dates from 1850; 78 miners were employed in that year who produced 12,540 tons. In 1856, 49 miners extracted 7,731 tons of hard coal. In 1860 around 14,000 tons of hard coal were mined with 65 miners. In 1865 the production rose to 37,266 tons of hard coal, this production was provided by 133 miners. In 1868, production increased again to 50,647 tonnes of hard coal, the workforce in that year was 236 employees. The colliery's maximum production was achieved in 1870 with 263 employees; 84,909 tons of hard coal were produced. These are also the last known production and workforce figures for the mine.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Kurt Pfläging: Stein's journey through coal mining on the Ruhr. 1st edition. Geiger Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1999, ISBN 3-89570-529-2 .
- ↑ Ludwig Herrmann Wilhelm Jacobi : The mining, metallurgy and trade of the government district Arnsberg in statistical representation. Published by Julius Bädeker, Iserlohn 1857.
- ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Sixth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858
- ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Seventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1859.
- ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864
Web links
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Johann Friedrich colliery (accessed on July 19, 2012)
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 (accessed on July 19, 2012)
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (accessed on July 19, 2012)
Remarks
- ↑ An entry well , even Stoll bay called, is a light hole was geteuft on a cleat. These shafts are required to support the tunnel operation. (Source: Albert Serlo: Leitfaden der Bergbaukunde. First volume, fourth revised and up to the most recent edition supplemented.)