Königsgrube colliery

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Königsgrube colliery
General information about the mine
Koenigsgrube colliery 1910.jpg
old postcard view from 1910
Mining technology Underground mining
Funding / year Max. 694,882 t
Information about the mining company
Employees up to 1984
Start of operation 1860
End of operation 1961
Successor use Hannover colliery
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 30 '34.2 "  N , 7 ° 9' 25.8"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 30 '34.2 "  N , 7 ° 9' 25.8"  E
Koenigsgrube Colliery (Ruhr Regional Association)
Königsgrube colliery
Location of the Königsgrube colliery
Location Röhlinghausen
local community Herne
Independent city ( NUTS3 ) Herne
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The Koenigsgrube colliery was a hard coal mine in Herne - Röhlinghausen . The mine was the oldest mine in Wanne-Eickel .

history

The beginnings

Trench drillings were carried out in the Röhlinghausen area as early as 1849 and 1850 . At around the same time, three suspicions were made by a rent master from Steele, a Berg eleven from Mülheim and a railway official from Cologne. In 1851 the three Mutungen Glückauf Anna, Glückauf Elise and Glückauf Lina were consolidated under the name Ida Maria . On September 5th of that year the Geviertfeld Glückauf Elise and Glückauf Lina were awarded . On July 1st, 1855, the Magdeburger Bergbau-AG was founded. The capital of this stock corporation was 500,000 Reichstaler. On July 13, 1855, the Geviertfeld Glückauf Maria was awarded. On October 27, 1855, the fields were consolidated into the Königsgrube mine field . The entire rights covered an area of ​​3.1 km 2 . On September 26, 1856, the consolidated Königsgrube field was sold to Magdeburger Bergwerks-AG for 119,775 Reichstaler. In the same year, the sinking work for the two shafts Ernestine (shaft 1) and Louise (shaft 2) began. In 1857 the carbon was reached at a depth of 125 meters (-72 m above sea ​​level ) . At that time the mine belonged to the Dortmund Oberbergamts district and from there to the Bochum mining district . In December 1858, the Magdeburger Bergbau-AG was one of the founding members of the Association for Mining Interests in the Dortmund Upper Mining District . While shaft 1 had already been sunk to a depth of 63 pools, drainage shaft 2 was only sunk to a depth of 38 pools. Since it was assumed that it would come to this area for the inflow of larger amounts of water, they wanted to with the operation of large dewatering machine , the water pump off. At shaft 1, a steam engine with an output of 120 hp was installed, which was later used as a hoisting machine . On shaft 2 a was dewatering machine installed with an output of 300 hp. The pumped pit water was drained off via a cross passage created in the marl . In 1859 the first level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 170 meters (- 117 m above sea level). Later, the marl bottom was set at a depth of 125 meters (-72 m above sea level). In the following year, the second level (106 pools) was set at a depth of 222 meters (- 169 m NN). In the same year, shaft 1 up to the first level was put into operation.

The first years of operation

Coal mining began in 1860. Initially, only coal was promoted for personal use. The following year, was on the second floor, a cross-cut to the south was to connect the two shafts ascended . In the same year, shafts 1 and 2 broke through with one another . A borehole was made in the horizontal section of the crosscut. The drilling two were seams with a thickness of 21 and 81 inch drilled. The sinking work on shaft 2 was continued and the shaft was sunk further. In addition, a locomotive was built. The train was led via the Nikolaus colliery to the Herne train station. In 1862, the third level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 246 meters (- 193 m above sea level). Shaft 1 was sunk to the second level in the same year. In 1863, regular coal mining began. On the 106-Lachter level, the eastern cross passage was driven up to a length of 104 Lachter. It has a 74 inch powerful seam in Verhieb taken. However, this seam tended strongly to develop firedamp . In a 90-inch seam, mining operations were stopped again due to the impurities in the seam. The operation of the colliery had a strong influence on the development of Röhlinghausen. Many residents swapped their jobs in agriculture for a job in underground mining. In addition, hundreds of people from distant regions came to work in the mine.

The expansion of the mine

In 1869, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In the same year the rail connection to Bochum train station went into operation. In the following year, shaft 1 was sunk to the third level. In 1872 the administrative board of Magdeburger Bergwerks-AG (the owner of the mine) was transformed into the supervisory board . The first chairman of the supervisory board was Kommerzienrat Kricheldorf from Magdeburg. Friedrich Grillo and August Waldhausen were later elected to the supervisory board. In 1874, shafts 1 and 2 were sunk deeper. In 1875, the opening of the 4th level began via a die at a depth of 312 meters (- 259 m above sea level). In 1877, shafts 1 and 2 were penetrated with the fourth level. In 1879 the excavation work on shaft 2 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1880, the 5th level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 412 meters (- 359 m above sea level). In the same year, the Magdeburger Bergwerks-AG joined the funding convention for the mines in the Dortmund district of the Oberbergamts. In 1882, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper again. In the following year, shaft 1 was the fifth level. In 1888, excavation work began on shaft 3. The shaft was next to the shafts 01.02 set . In 1891, shaft 3 went into operation as a weather shaft. In 1892 the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper again. In 1893 the 6th level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 480 meters (- 427 m above sea level). In 1894, shaft 1 was sunk to the 6th level. In 1897 the 6th level became the main extraction level. In the same year, the opening of shaft 3 from the 5th level began. In 1900 the shaft went into operation up to the 5th level. In 1902, there were party shifts on 16 days . In 1903, the sinking work for the Gustav shaft (shaft 4) began. The shaft was set up next to shafts 1/2/3.

The further operation

In 1904 the Gustav shaft was put into operation. With the commissioning of this shaft, the mine now had three production shafts. The shaft took up the production up to the 6th level. In the same year another 18 party shifts were put in. Between the shafts was Mühlenstrasse (today Königsgruber Strasse), which was used by the colliery as a transport route between the Gustav shaft and the Ernestine and Louise shafts. Despite the dangerous passage of the road, the community of Röhlinghausen was initially not ready to block the road. In the following years no major investments were made in the mine. In 1910, the sinking work on shaft 2 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1912, the 7th level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 541 meters (-488 m above sea level). In 1919, shaft 1 was sunk deeper to the 7th level. In 1920, shaft 4 was sunk deeper to the 7th level. In the same year the 7th level was used as the main delivery level. In 1922, shaft 3 was sunk to the 7th level. In 1923, the mine was shut down due to the occupation of the Ruhr . In 1924 the shareholders of Magdeburger Bergbau-AG exchanged their shares for shares of Deutsche Erdöl-AG . The mine was taken over by Deutsche Erdöl-AG. In the following year, Deutsche Erdöl-AG increased its share capital to almost eleven million Reichsmarks . In the following years, the new owner company began to modernize the mine and expand it to a production capacity of 3000 tons per day. This were from the year 1927 over days several reconstructions and new buildings performed and below ground.

Finally, the Königsgruber Straße in the area of ​​the colliery was also closed, so that vehicle traffic had to bypass the facility to the north. A bridge was built for pedestrians. This iron structure was provided with high angled stairs. In this way, passers-by could safely cross the factory premises. However, the carbon dioxide gases from the coal that was extracted and, if there was insufficient sales, was dumped on the dump , led to coughing fits among passers-by who used the bridge. Because of this, especially for mountain invalids, breathtaking affair, this crossing over the colliery station was given the name "Asthma Bridge". In 1930 there were another 30 party shifts. In 1931 the 8th level was set in shaft 4 at a depth of 673 meters (- 620 m above sea level). In the same year there were 61 party shifts, 68 party shifts in 1933 and 35 party shifts in 1934. Shaft 3 was dropped in 1937 . In the same year, shaft 4 was put into operation as a weather shaft. In 1938, shaft 3 was filled .

During the Second World War, the mine suffered considerable war damage. Despite this damage, the mine came into production again in 1945. From 1947 the 8th level was used as the main delivery level. By 1948, the war damage had largely been eliminated.

The last few years until the shutdown

In the 1950s they wanted to mine the seams still above. Since the upper levels were abandoned and broken , the first level was re-set in 1952 at a depth of 148 meters (-95 m above sea level). In addition, the A level was set at a depth of 250 meters (- 197 m above sea level). In the following years, for were Krupp company owned mines Hannover-Hannibal committed the mark distinctive buying up coal mine pit king. In 1954 the mine was acquired by Krupp AG. In the following year, work began for the association with the Hannover colliery . One of the main tasks was to create an underground connection between the two mines. A blind shaft was sunk from the 8th level to the 750-meter level of the Hannover colliery. In 1956, the processing of the Koenigsgrube colliery was shut down. The degraded to King mine gas coal were transported for days and the degraded bituminous coals were days for processing the Hannover colliery promoted . By combining the processing, the expansion of the power industry at the Hannover colliery was planned. In the same year, the Hannover colliery began to drive a section of the 950-meter level into the Königsgrube mine field . On January 1, 1958, the union with the Hannover colliery took place. On January 1, 1959, day-to-day operations at the Königsgrube section were shut down. The extraction was now completely underground for day-to-day operations in Hanover. In 1961 it was completely taken over by the Hanover mine. The Königsgrube 1/2 operating part was still used for ropeway travel and material transport until February 1967 .

Promotion and workforce

Both fat coals and flame coals of good quality were mined at the mine . The coals were very suitable for machine firing. The first known workforce dates from 1858, when 170 miners were employed in the mine. In 1863, 427 employees produced 408,742 Prussian tons of hard coal . In 1865 557,381 Prussian tons of hard coal were mined, the workforce in that year was 560 employees. In 1870, with 763 employees, 162,855 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1875 the production rose to 230,773 tons of hard coal, the workforce in this year was 1071 employees. In 1880, with 700 employees, 205,279 tons of hard coal were extracted. In 1885 376,336 tons of hard coal were mined with 1195 employees. In 1890 the production sank to 365,404 tons of hard coal. The workforce was 1339 this year. In 1895, 406,377 tons of hard coal were mined with 1,355 employees. In 1900, production exceeded the 500,000 ton mark for the first time. With 1644 employees, 559,155 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1905 the production sank to 410,000 tons of hard coal. The number of employees this year was 1400.

In 1910, with 1,585 employees, 489,862 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1913 the production rose to 584,374 tons of hard coal, the workforce in that year was 1669 employees. In 1915 the production sank to 379,927 tons of hard coal, the workforce in that year was 1060 employees. In 1920, 424,428 tons of hard coal were mined with 1984 employees. In 1925, 1,800 employees produced 437,000 tons of hard coal. In 1930, with 1,564 employees, 488,087 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1935 the production rose to around 523,000 tons of hard coal, the workforce in that year was 1260 employees. In 1940, 611,232 tons of hard coal were mined with 1,566 employees. The maximum production of the mine was achieved in 1942, with 1779 employees 694,882 tons of hard coal were produced. In 1950 the production sank to around 469,000 tons of hard coal, the workforce in that year was 1,795 employees. In 1960, 1199 people were still employed at the mine; 541,028 tons of hard coal were extracted. These are the last known sponsorship and workforce figures.

Current condition

Former engine shed of the colliery, today a retreat and breeding area for bats
Protego cover on shaft 4

Individual areas of the daytime facilities were demolished as early as 1973 . Most of the rest of the daytime facilities followed from March 1974. The location of the shafts can still be seen on the protego covers, it is now located on the grounds of the Königsgrube Park . Only a few remains of the former colliery have survived, such as the western enclosure , parts of the mine dump and the engine shed.

Location of the shafts

All four shafts were close together on a common security pillar .

literature

  • Wolfgang Viehweger: Trace of Coal. Europe in Herne and Wanne-Eickel. Frischtexte Verlag, Herne 2000, ISBN 978-3-933059-03-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  2. ↑ a b Susanne Peters-Schildgen: Images and symbols in the everyday life of Polish-speaking migrants in the Ruhr area . In: doves, texts and altars; Social historical forays through Wanne-Eickel and Herne, Der Emscherbrücher. No. 13, Herne 2005, p. 7
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Klaus Pirke: Evidence for the emergence of the industrial cultural landscape in the Ruhr area . The Hanover-Hannibal-Königsgrube colliery landscape in Bochum and Herne and its industrial-cultural potential, Bochum December 2006, (dissertation)
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957
  6. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Fifth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858
  7. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Sixth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858
  8. ↑ a b c Ministry of Trade and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862
  9. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863
  10. ^ Society for local history Wanne Eickel: Herne-Röhlinghausen and the Königsgrube colliery . In: Franz-Josef Kniola. (Ed.): The NRW Foundation, magazine for nature conservation, heritage and culture. No. 1, Exakt-Medientechnik (Düsseldorf), Düsseldorf 2003, p. 35
  11. ↑ The Asthma Bridge in Röhlinghausen (last accessed on May 27, 2013)
  12. ↑ a b King's Pit . In: Cultural Office of the City of Herne. (Ed.): SchachtZeichen in Herne and Wanne-Eickel, City of Herne, City Marketing Herne, Herne 2010, pp. 11–28
  13. ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874

Web links

Commons : Zeche Königsgrube  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files