United Hope Colliery & Secretarius Aak

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United Hope Colliery & Secretarius Aak
General information about the mine
Funding / year Max. = 187,486 t
Information about the mining company
Employees up to 489
Start of operation 1860
End of operation 1897
Successor use Takeover by Zeche Graf Beust
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Mightiness Flöz Herrenbank
Mightiness Flöz five-hand bench
Mightiness Seam Röttgersbank
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 27 '11.7 "  N , 7 ° 0' 19.3"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 27 '11.7 "  N , 7 ° 0' 19.3"  E
United Hope Colliery & Secretarius Aak (Ruhr Regional Association)
United Hope Colliery & Secretarius Aak
Location United Hope Colliery & Secretarius Aak
Location Food center
local community eat
Independent city ( NUTS3 ) eat
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The Ver. Hope & Secretarius Aak is a former hard coal mine in the center of Essen . The mine emerged from the consolidation of two previously independent mines. The United Hope & Secretarius Aak colliery was also called the Hope Colliery from the 1860s. The union of the United Hope & Secretarius Aak colliery was one of the founding members of the Rheinisch-Westphalian coal syndicate . In the second half of the 19th century, the mine was one of the most important mines in the Düsseldorf administrative region .

history

The beginnings

On February 19, 1805, the collieries Zur Hoffnung and Secreteriusak consolidated to form the Colliery United Hope & Secretarius Aak. The purpose of this consolidation was the joint use of steam engines for shaft hoisting and dewatering . The Hope & Secretarius Aak mine was located under the western part of what is now downtown Essen. In the same year there was a legal dispute with the United Sälzer & Neuack colliery . The background to the legal dispute was the mining in already claimed seams in the area of ​​the former Fettlappen colliery . In 1811, a court decision was issued, on the basis of which the United Hope & Secretarius Aak colliery with the Hope Stolln was allowed to dismantle the dirt bank, Herrenbank and Steinbank seams. The United Sälzer & Neuack colliery was allowed to mine the seams below to the very bottom. In 1848 the United Hope & Secretarius Aak square was awarded . In the same year, the United Hope & Secretarius Aak union was founded. Since the coal reserves had been mined above the bottom of the tunnel , it was necessary to go over to civil engineering . In 1857, work began on the first underground construction shaft. The shaft was in the City Center South stated . Already in the following year the well encountered at a depth of 25 meters to the carbon . At a depth of 38 meters, water inflows from old pits . The minute water inflows were 2 1/2 cubic feet . In 1859 the first level was set at a depth of 126 meters. The seam five-hand bench in the area of ​​the filling location was already opened on this weather bed. After the filling point had been established, the cross passages to the south and north were started . At that time the mine was part of the Essen Mining Authority.

The other years

Production began in 1860. In 1861 the shaft reached a depth of 95 1/2 laughs . In the same year, the second level was set at a depth of 189 meters. The sole was also known as the 90 laugh sole. After the filling point had been created, the driving of the main solution crosscuts began. With these crosscuts, the upcoming seams should be penetrated. At that time, the mine was part of the Frohnhausen mining area . The ventilation of mines ensure a number of measures were required. In 1862, an old weather shaft, which was located 95 meters south of the production shaft, was started to sink deeper. The weather shaft was sunk under a coal bank below the Röttgersbank seam. At about the same time a major storm was hit in the coal bank. In addition, this year the underground construction shaft was sunk down to a depth of 100 3/4 Lachtern. In 1863, the sinking work began for the Hope Shaft. The shaft was set up near today's Limbecker Platz. At a depth of 30 meters, the shaft reached the carbon. In the same year, the weather crosscut to the five-foot bench was raised ten more. The excavation of the invert sections was continued on several seams. In 1864, mining began in the Hope mine. The first underground construction shaft has now been converted into a weather shaft. Due to mountain damage , mining was restricted under Essen's inner city in 1868. In the following year, excavation of the third level began at a depth of 273 meters. In 1870 was in a private coking plant with the production of coke begun. This private coking plant was bought in 1874. In 1876 the old law union was transformed into a new law union with 1000 Kuxen .

The last few years

In the 1880s, the United Hope & Secretarius Aak colliery caused significant mining damage. Due to the mining damage that had occurred, more and more claims for damages were made to the mine. As early as 1882, mining under the city was prohibited due to this mountain damage. The dismantling could only have continued with the use of recovery backfill . However, this measure would have become too expensive due to the long funding routes . In the same year the Neuwerk field was acquired. This field was located south of downtown Essen. The authorized person now consisted of two square fields . In the meantime, the compensation payments had become so high that the trades even had to pay additional fines . In 1886 a weather shaft was sunk in the Geitling seam. In 1892, an auxiliary bottom was set in the Hope shaft at a depth of 386 meters. In 1894, the coking plant was shut down and only residual mining took place in the deposit . At the beginning of 1897, the trade assembly decided to stop operations at the mine. The reason for this decision was the inefficiency of the mine. The acquired Neuwerk field had proven to be of little advantage. No good seam conditions were found in the field. In the same year, operations at the mine were closed. In June of the same year the United Hope & Secretarius Aak colliery was shut down, the shafts were backfilled and the daytime facilities were subsequently demolished. The authorized Grubenfeld came to the Graf Beust union . The Graf Beust union also took on the obligation to deal with the mining damage. The colliery area, the land and the machines were taken over by the Friedrich Krupp company.

Promotion and workforce

The first known number of employees dates back to 1858, when 50 miners were employed in the mine. The first production figures come from the year 1861, in that year around 6000 tons of hard coal were produced with 182 employees . In 1863, 323,866 Prussian tons of hard coal were extracted and the workforce was 275. In 1865, 360 employees produced 551,726 tons of hard coal. In 1866 the workforce was 427, the production amounted to 590,342 Prussian tons of hard coal. The maximum production of the mine was achieved in 1867. A production of 187,486 tonnes of hard coal was achieved, the workforce this year was 489 employees. In 1870, 109,354 tons of hard coal were extracted, and the workforce in that year was 405. In 1875, with 491 employees, 145,604 tons of hard coal were mined. Good fat coals were extracted from the mine. The coals worked pretty well as coking coal. In 1880, 88,400 tonnes of hard coal were extracted; the workforce in that year was 412. In 1890 the workforce was 472, the production amounted to 127,099 tons of hard coal. In 1895, the mine still employed 267 people; 138,563 tons of hard coal were extracted. These are the last known funding and workforce figures for the United Hope & Secretarius Aak colliery.

Todays situation

Nothing can be seen above days. Only the two street names Akstrasse and Hope Strasse are reminiscent of the mine.

In November 2013, during construction work on Hachestrasse, north of the Witten / Dortmund – Oberhausen / Duisburg railway line , cavities were discovered that were in the former pit of the Ver. Hope & Secretarius Aak are to be assigned. This made further test drilling and subsequent extensive backfilling work necessary, which severely impaired rail traffic for four weeks.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957
  4. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume fourteenth, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1866
  5. ↑ a b Manfred Rasch , Gerald D. Feldman (eds.): August Thyssen and Hugo Stinnes. An exchange of letters 1898-1922, Verlag CH Beck oHG, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-49637-7 .
  6. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860.
  7. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862.
  8. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863
  9. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864.
  10. ^ Royal Statistical Bureau in Berlin (ed.): Prussian Statistics XIII . Comparative overview of the course of industry, trade and traffic in the Prussian state 1866. Verlag Ernst Kuehn's statistical Separat-Conto, Berlin 1868
  11. ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874
  12. ↑ Derwesten.de of November 27, 2013: Old Essener Zechenkarte records break of day from 1860 ; accessed on January 2, 2014

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ The term coal bank is the name for the coal-bearing part of a coal seam . (Source: Carl Friedrich Alexander Hartmann: Vademecum for the practical miner. )
  2. ↑ A weather overburden is a pit construction built in the seam from bottom to top, which is used for ventilation . (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Bergman language in the Ruhr area. )