Nintendo European Research & Development: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Added short description.
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit
(33 intermediate revisions by 17 users not shown)
Line 8: Line 8:
| former_names = Actimagine (2003–2011)
| former_names = Actimagine (2003–2011)
| foundation = {{start date and age|2003|3}} (as Actimagine)
| foundation = {{start date and age|2003|3}} (as Actimagine)
| location = [[Paris]], [[France]]
| location = [[Paris]], France
| key_people = Alexandre Delattre<br />(Managing Director and CTO)<br />Jérôme Larrieu<br />(Chief Science Officer)
| key_people = Alexandre Delattre ([[Managing director|MD]]<nowiki> and CTO)|Jérôme Larrieu (Chief Science Officer)}}</nowiki>
| area_served =
| area_served =
| industry = [[Video game industry|Video games]]
| industry = [[Video game industry|Video games]]
| products = [[Video player (software)|Video playback software]]<br />[[Middleware]]
| products = {{ubl|[[Video player (software)|Video playback software]]|[[Middleware]]}}
| revenue =
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| operating_income =
| net_income =
| net_income =
| owner = [[Nintendo]]
| owner =
| num_employees =
| num_employees = 75
| num_employees_year = 2023
| parent =
| parent = [[Nintendo]]
| subsid =
| subsid =
| homepage = {{Official website | http://nerd.nintendo.com}}
| homepage = {{URL|https://www.nerd.nintendo.com}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
Line 26: Line 27:
'''Nintendo European Research & Development''' ('''NERD''') is a French subsidiary for [[Nintendo]], located in Paris, which develops software technologies and middleware for Nintendo platforms.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Iwata-Asks/Iwata-Asks-NERD/NERD/1-Introduction/1-Introduction-759158.html|title=Iwata Asks - 1. Introduction - Iwata Asks: NERD - Nintendo|work=Nintendo of Europe GmbH|access-date=28 January 2015}}</ref> This includes retro console [[emulator]]s, patented video [[codec]]s, and [[Digital Rights Management|DRM]] technology.
'''Nintendo European Research & Development''' ('''NERD''') is a French subsidiary for [[Nintendo]], located in Paris, which develops software technologies and middleware for Nintendo platforms.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Iwata-Asks/Iwata-Asks-NERD/NERD/1-Introduction/1-Introduction-759158.html|title=Iwata Asks - 1. Introduction - Iwata Asks: NERD - Nintendo|work=Nintendo of Europe GmbH|access-date=28 January 2015}}</ref> This includes retro console [[emulator]]s, patented video [[codec]]s, and [[Digital Rights Management|DRM]] technology.


The organization originated as '''Mobiclip''' and '''Actimagine''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɑː|k|t|ᵻ|m|ə|dʒ|iː|n}}) with notable customers including [[Nintendo]], [[Sony Pictures Digital]], and [[Fisher-Price]]. Nintendo licensed Mobiclip compression technology for the Game Boy Advance and Nintendo DS video game consoles, used by popular games such as [[Square Enix]]'s ''[[Final Fantasy III]]'' and Konami's ''[[Contra 4]]''. Fisher-Price used them for its Pixter Multi-Media educational toy. Sony Pictures Digital and The Carphone Warehouse used Mobiclip software to deliver TV-like full-length movies on MicroSD memory cards for [[smart phones]]. Nintendo purchased the company, to create NERD.
The organization originated as '''Mobiclip''' and '''Actimagine''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɑː|k|t|ᵻ|m|ə|dʒ|iː|n}}) with notable customers including [[Nintendo]], [[Sony Pictures Digital]], and [[Fisher-Price]]. Nintendo licensed Mobiclip compression technology for the Game Boy Advance and Nintendo DS video game consoles, used by popular games such as [[Square Enix]]'s ''[[Final Fantasy III]]'' and [[Konami]]'s ''[[Contra 4]]''. Fisher-Price used them for its Pixter Multi-Media educational toy. Sony Pictures Digital and The Carphone Warehouse used Mobiclip software to deliver TV-like full-length movies on MicroSD memory cards for [[smart phones]]. Nintendo purchased the company, to create NERD.


==History==
==History==
[[Image:Actimagine.png|thumb|right|Actimagine logo]]
[[Image:Actimagine.png|thumb|left|upright|Actimagine logo]]

Actimagine was established in March 2003 by a team of engineers (Eric Bécourt, Alexandre Delattre, Laurent Hiriart, Jérôme Larrieu, Sylvain Quendez) and a businessman (André Pagnac).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.actimagine.com:80/management.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040109033117/http://www.actimagine.com/management.php|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 January 2004|title=Actimagine home page archive|access-date=8 August 2018}}</ref> Actimagine started out with mobile gaming consoles. The video compression technology offered by Mobiclip was an optimized response to the battery life and video quality requirements of Nintendo video gaming platforms: Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Wii, and Nintendo 3DS.
Actimagine was established in March 2003 by a team of engineers (Eric Bécourt, Alexandre Delattre, Laurent Hiriart, Jérôme Larrieu, Sylvain Quendez) and a businessman (André Pagnac).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.actimagine.com:80/management.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040109033117/http://www.actimagine.com/management.php|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 January 2004|title=Actimagine home page archive|access-date=8 August 2018}}</ref> Actimagine started out with mobile gaming consoles. The video compression technology offered by Mobiclip was an optimized response to the battery life and video quality requirements of Nintendo video gaming platforms: Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Wii, and Nintendo 3DS.


The Mobiclip codec provides high video quality with low battery consumption and has been selected by major studios, such as Sony Pictures Digital, Paramount, Fox and Gaumont Columbia Tristar Films, and by leading handset manufacturers, such as Nokia or Sony Ericsson, to deliver video on memory cards for mobile phones.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}}{{advert inline|date=June 2021}}
The Mobiclip codec provides high video quality with low battery consumption and has been selected by major studios, such as Sony Pictures Digital, [[Paramount Pictures|Paramount]], [[20th Century Studios|Fox]] and [[Gaumont Film Company|Gaumont]] [[Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group|Columbia TriStar Films]], and by leading handset manufacturers, such as Nokia or Sony Ericsson, to deliver video on memory cards for mobile phones.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}}{{advert inline|date=June 2021}}


In April 2006, Actimagine raised €3 million in equity financing from US venture capital firm [[Upfront Ventures|GRP Partners]]. This first round of institutional fund raising enabled Actimagine to accelerate its business development in the US and Japan.
In April 2006, Actimagine raised €3 million in equity financing from US venture capital firm [[Upfront Ventures|GRP Partners]]. This first round of institutional fund raising enabled Actimagine to accelerate its business development in the US and Japan.
Line 39: Line 41:
In 2008, Mobiclip launched the first application delivering live TV on the iPhone, a year before Apple.
In 2008, Mobiclip launched the first application delivering live TV on the iPhone, a year before Apple.
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.generation-nt.com/france-24-mobile-codec-mobiclip-actimagine-actualite-173221.html|title=France 24 sur mobile grâce à Mobiclip.com d'Actimagine|author=Christian D.|work=Génération-NT|access-date=28 January 2015}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.generation-nt.com/france-24-mobile-codec-mobiclip-actimagine-actualite-173221.html|title=France 24 sur mobile grâce à Mobiclip.com d'Actimagine|author=Christian D.|work=Génération-NT|access-date=28 January 2015}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://appleinsider.com/articles/09/07/08/apple_launches_http_live_streaming_standard_in_iphone_3_0.html|title=Apple launches HTTP Live Streaming standard in iPhone 3.0|publisher=|access-date=28 January 2015}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://appleinsider.com/articles/09/07/08/apple_launches_http_live_streaming_standard_in_iphone_3_0.html|title=Apple launches HTTP Live Streaming standard in iPhone 3.0|date=9 July 2009 |publisher=|access-date=28 January 2015}}</ref>


In October 2011, Mobiclip<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.revogamers.net/noticias/nintendo/nintendo-adquiere-mobiclip-8014.html |title=Nintendo adquiere Mobiclip |publisher=Revogamers |date= |access-date=2012-10-05}}</ref> was bought by Nintendo and is now a subsidiary of the latter. Since then it is now known as "Nintendo European Research & Development" or "NERD".
In October 2011, Mobiclip<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.revogamers.net/noticias/nintendo/nintendo-adquiere-mobiclip-8014.html |title=Nintendo adquiere Mobiclip |publisher=Revogamers |date= |access-date=2012-10-05}}</ref> was bought by Nintendo and is now a subsidiary of the latter. Since then it is now known as "Nintendo European Research & Development" or "NERD".
Line 52: Line 54:
Nintendo selected Mobiclip as its main provider of video codec technologies on the Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Nintendo Wii and Nintendo 3DS.
Nintendo selected Mobiclip as its main provider of video codec technologies on the Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Nintendo Wii and Nintendo 3DS.
Major software titles used it for in-game cinematics, including:
Major software titles used it for in-game cinematics, including:
*''[[GBA Video]]'' series on the Game Boy Advance<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.ign.com/games/gba-video-pokemon-johto-photo-finish-and-playing-with-fire/gba-678089|title=GBA Video: Pokemon -- Johto Photo Finish and Playing with Fire!|work=IGN|access-date=28 January 2015}}</ref>
*''[[GBA Video]]'' series on the Game Boy Advance<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.ign.com/games/gba-video-pokemon-johto-photo-finish-and-playing-with-fire/gba-678089|title=GBA Video: Pokémon -- Johto Photo Finish and Playing with Fire!|work=IGN|access-date=28 January 2015}}</ref>
*''[[Dragon Quest IX: Sentinels of the Starry Skies]]'' on Nintendo DS<ref>http://www.nintendo.com/consumer/gameslist/manuals/DS_Dragon_Quest_IX.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>
*''[[Dragon Quest IX: Sentinels of the Starry Skies]]'' on Nintendo DS<ref>http://www.nintendo.com/consumer/gameslist/manuals/DS_Dragon_Quest_IX.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>
*''[[Professor Layton]]'' series on Nintendo DS and Nintendo 3DS<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.famitsu.com/game/news/1209751_1124.html|title=実写映画化も発表！ 『レイトン教授と悪魔の箱』は映画級の作品に - ファミ通.com|publisher=|access-date=28 January 2015}}</ref>
*''[[Professor Layton]]'' series on Nintendo DS and Nintendo 3DS<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.famitsu.com/game/news/1209751_1124.html|title=実写映画化も発表！ 『レイトン教授と悪魔の箱』は映画級の作品に - ファミ通.com|publisher=|access-date=28 January 2015}}</ref>
Line 58: Line 60:
*[[Wii no Ma]] and [[Nintendo Channel]] on Wii.
*[[Wii no Ma]] and [[Nintendo Channel]] on Wii.
*[[eCrew Development Program]], the extremely rare Japanese McDonald's training game for the Nintendo DS.
*[[eCrew Development Program]], the extremely rare Japanese McDonald's training game for the Nintendo DS.
*[[The Legendary Starfy]] on Nintendo DS.
*''[[The Legendary Starfy]]'' on Nintendo DS.
*[[Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days]] on Nintendo DS.
*''[[Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days]]'' on Nintendo DS.


==List of technologies developed by NERD==
==List of technologies developed by NERD==
===Retro console emulation===
* Kachikachi: [[NES]] emulation for the [[NES Classic Edition]]''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nerd.nintendo.com/emulation/2016/11/11/NES_mini.html|title=Nintendo Releases the Nintendo Classic Mini: Nintendo Entertainment System|date=11 November 2016|access-date=17 February 2023}}</ref>
* Canoe: [[Super NES]] emulation for the [[Super NES Classic Edition]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nerd.nintendo.com/emulation/2017/09/29/SNES_mini.html|title=Nintendo Releases the Nintendo Classic Mini: Super Nintendo Entertainment System|date=29 September 2017|access-date=17 February 2023}}</ref>
* L-CLASSICS: NES & Super NES emulation for [[Nintendo Switch Online]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nerd.nintendo.com/emulation/2018/09/19/NSO_NES.html|title=NERD Provides Emulation Technology for the Nintendo Entertainment System™ Nintendo Switch Online|date=19 September 2018|access-date=17 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nerd.nintendo.com/emulation/2019/09/05/NSO_SNES.html|title=NERD Provides Emulation Technology for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System™ Nintendo Switch Online|date=5 September 2019|access-date=17 February 2023}}</ref>
* Hiyoko: [[Game Boy]] & [[Game Boy Color]] emulation for Nintendo Switch Online<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nerd.nintendo.com/2023/02/08/NSO_GB.html|title=NERD Provides Emulation Technology for Game Boy™ - Nintendo Switch Online|date=8 February 2023|access-date=17 January 2024}}</ref>
* Hovercraft: [[Nintendo 64]] emulation for Nintendo Switch Online and ''[[Super Mario 3D All-Stars]]'' (co-developed with [[iQue]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nerd.nintendo.com/2021/10/26/NSO_N64_SMD.html|title=NERD Provides Support for Nintendo 64™ – Nintendo Switch Online and SEGA Mega Drive™ – Nintendo Switch Online|date=26 October 2021|access-date=18 February 2023}}</ref>
* m2engage: [[Sega Genesis]] emulation for Nintendo Switch Online (co-developed with [[M2 (game developer)|M2]])
* Sloop: [[Game Boy Advance]] emulation for Nintendo Switch Online (co-developed with [[Panasonic|Panasonic Vietnam]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nerd.nintendo.com/2023/02/08/NSO_GBA.html|title=NERD Provides Emulation Technology for Game Boy Advance™ - Nintendo Switch Online|date=8 February 2023|access-date=17 January 2024}}</ref>
* Hagi: [[GameCube]] & [[Wii]] emulation for ''[[Super Mario 3D All-Stars]]'' and other Nintendo Switch re-releases, e.g. ''[[Pikmin (video game)|Pikmin 1]]'' & ''[[Pikmin 2|2]]''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nerd.nintendo.com/2021/02/11/SuperMario3DAllStars.html|title=NERD Develops the Nintendo GameCube Emulation Technology Used in Super Mario 3D All-Stars|date=11 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Pikmin 1 HD on the SWITCH Stream |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfrOmGjv56M |access-date=2023-06-29 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Pikmin 2 Nintendo Switch Port First Speedrun - All Treasures with No Major Exploits |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePKUDiW__aY |access-date=2023-06-29 |language=en}}</ref>
⚫
* Hachihachi: [[Nintendo DS]] emulation for the [[Virtual Console#Wii U|Wii U Virtual Console]]<ref name="NERD">{{cite web|url=https://nerd.nintendo.com/ |title=NERD |access-date=3 April 2016}}</ref>

===Other technologies===
* Mobiclip [[video codecs]] for [[smartphone]] / [[Game Boy Advance]] / [[Nintendo DS]] / [[Nintendo 3DS]] / [[Wii]]
* Mobiclip [[video codecs]] for [[smartphone]] / [[Game Boy Advance]] / [[Nintendo DS]] / [[Nintendo 3DS]] / [[Wii]]
* Media player for [[Internet Browser (Wii U)|Wii U Internet Browser]]
* Media player for [[Internet Browser (Wii U)|Wii U Internet Browser]]
* Wii U Chat (co-developed with [[Nintendo Software Technology]] and [[Vidyo]])
* Wii U Chat (co-developed with [[Nintendo Software Technology]] and [[Vidyo]])
* Kachikachi: NES emulator for [[NES Classic Edition]]
* Canoe: Super NES emulator for [[Super NES Classic Edition]], including the [[Super FX]] chipset series.
* L-CLASSICS: NES/SNES emulator for [[Nintendo Switch Online]]
* Nintendo 64, GameCube, and Wii emulation in ''[[Super Mario 3D All-Stars]]''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nerd.nintendo.com/2021/02/11/SuperMario3DAllStars.html|title=NERD Develops the Nintendo GameCube Emulation Technology Used in Super Mario 3D All-Stars|date=11 February 2021}}</ref>
⚫
* [[Virtual Console (Wii U)#Nintendo DS|Nintendo DS emulator on Wii U]]<ref name="NERD">{{cite web|url=https://nerd.nintendo.com/ |title=NERD |access-date=3 April 2016}}</ref>
* Super-stable 3D display on New Nintendo 3DS<ref name="NERD"/>
* Super-stable 3D display on New Nintendo 3DS<ref name="NERD"/>
* [[Nintendo Labo]] VR Kit, in collaboration with [[Nintendo EPD]]<ref name="NERD"/>
* [[Nintendo Labo]] VR Kit (co-developed with [[Nintendo EPD]])<ref name="NERD"/>
* [[Virtual Console (Wii U)#Wii|Downloadable Wii games on the Wii U eShop]]<ref name="NERD"/>
* [[Virtual Console (Wii U)#Wii|Downloadable Wii games on the Wii U eShop]]<ref name="NERD"/>
* Deep learning middleware for ''[[Dr Kawashima's Brain Training for Nintendo Switch]]''<ref name="NERD"/>
* Deep learning middleware for ''[[Dr Kawashima's Brain Training for Nintendo Switch]]''<ref name="NERD"/>
* Heart rate detection system in [[Joy-Con]], used in ''[[Ring Fit Adventure]]''<ref name="NERD"/>
* Heart rate detection system in [[Joy-Con]], used in ''[[Ring Fit Adventure]]''<ref name="NERD"/>
* Technology for ''[[Mario Kart Live: Home Circuit]]''<ref>https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/pdf/2020/200917e.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>
* Providing expertise in areas such as steering control, low-latency video capture and streaming and location tracking for ''[[Mario Kart Live: Home Circuit]]''<ref>https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/pdf/2020/200917e.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>
* Filtering Expertise and Gesture Tracking for ''[[Nintendo Switch Sports]]''


==References==
==References==
Line 88: Line 98:
[[Category:Companies based in Paris]]
[[Category:Companies based in Paris]]
[[Category:Video game development companies]]
[[Category:Video game development companies]]
[[Category:French subsidiaries of foreign companies]]

Revision as of 20:41, 24 February 2024

Nintendo European Research & Development
FormerlyActimagine (2003–2011)
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryVideo games
FoundedMarch 2003; 21 years ago (2003-03) (as Actimagine)
HeadquartersParis, France
Key people
Alexandre Delattre (MD and CTO)|Jérôme Larrieu (Chief Science Officer)}}
Products
Revenue10,870,600 Euro (2020) Edit this on Wikidata
1,381,700 Euro (2020) Edit this on Wikidata
Number of employees
75 (2023)
ParentNintendo
Websitewww.nerd.nintendo.com

Nintendo European Research & Development (NERD) is a French subsidiary for Nintendo, located in Paris, which develops software technologies and middleware for Nintendo platforms.[1] This includes retro console emulators, patented video codecs, and DRM technology.

The organization originated as Mobiclip and Actimagine (/ˈɑːktɪmədʒiːn/) with notable customers including Nintendo, Sony Pictures Digital, and Fisher-Price. Nintendo licensed Mobiclip compression technology for the Game Boy Advance and Nintendo DS video game consoles, used by popular games such as Square Enix's Final Fantasy III and Konami's Contra 4. Fisher-Price used them for its Pixter Multi-Media educational toy. Sony Pictures Digital and The Carphone Warehouse used Mobiclip software to deliver TV-like full-length movies on MicroSD memory cards for smart phones. Nintendo purchased the company, to create NERD.

History

Actimagine logo

Actimagine was established in March 2003 by a team of engineers (Eric Bécourt, Alexandre Delattre, Laurent Hiriart, Jérôme Larrieu, Sylvain Quendez) and a businessman (André Pagnac).[2] Actimagine started out with mobile gaming consoles. The video compression technology offered by Mobiclip was an optimized response to the battery life and video quality requirements of Nintendo video gaming platforms: Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Wii, and Nintendo 3DS.

The Mobiclip codec provides high video quality with low battery consumption and has been selected by major studios, such as Sony Pictures Digital, Paramount, Fox and Gaumont Columbia TriStar Films, and by leading handset manufacturers, such as Nokia or Sony Ericsson, to deliver video on memory cards for mobile phones.[citation needed][promotion?]

In April 2006, Actimagine raised €3 million in equity financing from US venture capital firm GRP Partners. This first round of institutional fund raising enabled Actimagine to accelerate its business development in the US and Japan. The same year, Adobe acquired Actimagine's Flash rendering engine optimized for mobile devices.[3]

In 2008, Mobiclip launched the first application delivering live TV on the iPhone, a year before Apple. [4] [5]

In October 2011, Mobiclip[6] was bought by Nintendo and is now a subsidiary of the latter. Since then it is now known as "Nintendo European Research & Development" or "NERD".

In 2017, the United States branch was merged with Nintendo Technology Development.[7]

Mobiclip video codecs

Mobiclip logo

Mobiclip was developed with a completely different algorithm from the one used for other video codecs on the market, based on minimal use of the processor resources, allowing battery life to be increased considerably and the cost of the hardware to be reduced.

Nintendo licensing

Nintendo selected Mobiclip as its main provider of video codec technologies on the Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Nintendo Wii and Nintendo 3DS. Major software titles used it for in-game cinematics, including:

List of technologies developed by NERD

Retro console emulation

Other technologies

References

  1. ^ "Iwata Asks - 1. Introduction - Iwata Asks: NERD - Nintendo". Nintendo of Europe GmbH. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  2. ^ "Actimagine home page archive". Archived from the original on 9 January 2004. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
  3. ^ "Adobe - Adobe Press Room: For immediate release". Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  4. ^ Christian D. "France 24 sur mobile grâce à Mobiclip.com d'Actimagine". Génération-NT. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  5. ^ "Apple launches HTTP Live Streaming standard in iPhone 3.0". 9 July 2009. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  6. ^ "Nintendo adquiere Mobiclip". Revogamers. Retrieved 2012-10-05.
  7. ^ "Annual Report 2017 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017" (PDF). Nintendo. NERD Inc., a former consolidated subsidiary, was excluded from the scope of consolidation from the consolidated fiscal year ended March 31, 2017, since said company was dissolved due to the absorption-type merger with Nintendo Technology Development Inc., the surviving entity.
  8. ^ "GBA Video: Pokémon -- Johto Photo Finish and Playing with Fire!". IGN. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  9. ^ http://www.nintendo.com/consumer/gameslist/manuals/DS_Dragon_Quest_IX.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  10. ^ "実写映画化も発表！ 『レイトン教授と悪魔の箱』は映画級の作品に - ファミ通.com". Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  11. ^ "Fire Emblem Awakening Movies (Cutscenes) Studio : fireemblem". reddit. 13 March 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  12. ^ "Nintendo Releases the Nintendo Classic Mini: Nintendo Entertainment System". 11 November 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  13. ^ "Nintendo Releases the Nintendo Classic Mini: Super Nintendo Entertainment System". 29 September 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  14. ^ "NERD Provides Emulation Technology for the Nintendo Entertainment System™ Nintendo Switch Online". 19 September 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  15. ^ "NERD Provides Emulation Technology for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System™ Nintendo Switch Online". 5 September 2019. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  16. ^ "NERD Provides Emulation Technology for Game Boy™ - Nintendo Switch Online". 8 February 2023. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
  17. ^ "NERD Provides Support for Nintendo 64™ – Nintendo Switch Online and SEGA Mega Drive™ – Nintendo Switch Online". 26 October 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
  18. ^ "NERD Provides Emulation Technology for Game Boy Advance™ - Nintendo Switch Online". 8 February 2023. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
  19. ^ "NERD Develops the Nintendo GameCube Emulation Technology Used in Super Mario 3D All-Stars". 11 February 2021.
  20. ^ Pikmin 1 HD on the SWITCH Stream, retrieved 2023-06-29
  21. ^ Pikmin 2 Nintendo Switch Port First Speedrun - All Treasures with No Major Exploits, retrieved 2023-06-29
  22. ^ a b c d e f "NERD". Retrieved 3 April 2016.
  23. ^ https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/pdf/2020/200917e.pdf [bare URL PDF]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nintendo_European_Research_%26_Development&oldid=1210061701"