Overcast Alm
| Overcast Alm | ||
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.jpg) Overcast Alm and Randberge seen from the Hochkönig |
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| location | Salzburg , Austria | |
| Mountains | Berchtesgaden Alps | |
| surface | 1.9 km² (2002) | |
| Exposure | North | |
| Altitude range | 2845 m - 2630 m (1969) | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 25 '37 " N , 13 ° 3' 32" E | |
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Übergossene Alm is the name of the summit corridor of the Hochkönig ( 2941 m ) in the Berchtesgaden Alps in the extreme south of the municipality of Werfen . This is where the remains of the glacier of the same name are located , which used to cover almost the entire summit plateau and was the largest ice field in the Northern Limestone Alps until the 1920s , before the Hallstatt Glacier on the Dachstein overtook it. The faster melting of the Hochkönig Glacier is attributed to the fact that plateau glaciers such as the Übergossene Alm react very sensitively to an increase in the firn line , which means that large areas of the surface change from nutrient to consumption area . In 1888 around 5.5 km² of the plateau was frozen. In 2002, the glacier surface was to less than 1.9 square kilometers melted and the glaciers in three small, gap-free decay sections. The name of the glacier goes back to a legend .
High plateau and its peripheral mountains
The Hochkönig is the southernmost and highest mountain range in the Berchtesgaden Alps. In contrast to the Watzmann massif located around 20 km to the north, it has a slightly north-sloping, 15 km² plateau that only breaks off to the south with rugged walls up to 1,000 m high ( Mandl walls ).
The edge of the plateau is formed by several high two thousand meter peaks in the form of a huge oval, of which the most striking (clockwise) are next to the main summit: Großer and Kleiner Bratschenkopf , Kummetstein, Lamkopf and Hochseiler (all around 2850 m ) and to the north / east to Tenneck , Floßkogel and the Schoberköpfe (2435 to 2710 m ). To the east of the latter, the imposing gate pillar , past which the ascent from Arthurhaus winds, closes the plateau down to the side valleys of the Salzach .
Legend of the freezing over of the Hochalm
According to legend , lush meadows and lush meadows once lay on the floor of today's flat glacier , where knee-high grass grew and large herds of cattle grazed. The dairymen and women were able to gain huge amounts of milk and at times couldn't even get rid of the cheese and butter. However, the rich earnings and the good life made them cocky and seduced them to wrongdoing in the course of time.
They are said to have gilded the horns of the bulls and procured silver cowbells . Instead of water, they drank melted butter and ordered top wines from the Salzburg monastery cellar. In order to have particularly beautiful faces at the night-long parties with hunter boys, the maids bathed themselves in the milk and poured away the excess, but were stingy towards hikers. Then their bustle came to an end.
“The paths between their huts were paved with round loaves of cheese, the joints between them filled with fresh butter so that, as they said, the devil would have something to eat when he and his journeymen came up at night. The golden yellow butter was just right for them to form balls out of it and to throw at each other in the game, in short, they no longer knew what to do with arrogance. They even threw pieces of gold in front of the house. "
But once, when a tired hiker came to the alpine pasture, who was tired and could hardly drag himself away and asked for food and shelter, they chased him away with harsh words. “'The devil,' they shouted, 'shall give you shelter, we don't need an uninvited guest.'” And because the poor man was not able to move on quickly enough, they got angry and threatened him with blows.
“But now the measure of their iniquities was full, and just punishment should hit the shameful. No sooner had the wanderer gone than a terrible storm rolled up from the devil's horns in dark, eerie waves. A dreadful storm arose and hurled a swirling flood of ice and snow from the black clouds on the frightened criminals. They tried in vain to flee. The snowstorm buried them with huts and herds, and now eternal ice lay over the green alpine pastures. "
And so the once splendid Alm is still under the ice, and the wide, white bowl between the huge round of the mountain ridges is called the “Übergossene Alm”.
The background should be based on glaciology and climatology , and probably relates to the Little Ice Age after the warm period of the High Middle Ages .
literature
- Josef Goldberger: Glacier budget and climatic environment of the Hochkönig Glacier 1965–1975 (= main committees of the German and Austrian Alpine Association [ed.]: Scientific Alpine Association . Volume 28 ). Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 1986 ( Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research [PDF; accessed on September 19, 2018]).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Michael Kuhn, Astrid Lambrecht, Jakob Abermann: Austrian glacier inventory 1998 (GI II). PANGEA, 2013, doi: 10.1594 / PANGEA.809196
- ^ A. Fischer: Comparison of direct and geodetic mass balances on a multi-annual time scale. In: The Cryosphere . , Volume 5, 2011, pp. 107–124 ( online ; PDF; 3.3 MB).
- ↑ Roman Moser: The Hallstädter Glacier - now the largest glacier in the Northern Limestone Alps . In: Institute for Regional Studies at the Upper Austrian State Museum in Linz (ed.): Upper Austrian Heimatblätter. 1954, No. 1-2, p. 103 . ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
- ↑ Quoted from Die übergossene Alm am Hochkönig on SAGEN.at