2-chloroacetamide
Structural formula | ||||||||||||||||
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General | ||||||||||||||||
Surname | 2-chloroacetamide | |||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 2 H 4 ClNO | |||||||||||||||
Brief description |
colorless and odorless crystals |
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properties | ||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 93.5 g mol −1 | |||||||||||||||
Physical state |
firmly |
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Melting point |
119-120 ° C |
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boiling point |
135 ° C (decomposition) |
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Vapor pressure |
0.07 hPa (20 ° C) |
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solubility |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||||||||
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Toxicological data | ||||||||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
2-chloroacetamide is a chemical compound from the group of carboxamides and organic chlorine compounds .
Extraction and presentation
2-chloroacetamide can be obtained by reacting ethyl chloroacetate with ammonia or chloroacetyl chloride with ammonium acetate .
properties
2-chloroacetamide is a flammable solid that is readily soluble in water. Its aqueous solution is acidic. With acids and bases, hydrolytic decomposition occurs, the compound being relatively stable in the pH range between 4 and 9. At pH 8, the half-life of the decomposition is 108 days. At temperatures above 135 ° C the compound decomposes, producing carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide , nitrogen oxides and hydrogen chloride . The decomposition is strongly exothermic with a heat of decomposition of −63 kJ mol −1 or −670 kJ kg −1 .
use
2-chloroacetamide is widely used as a biocide and preservative (e.g. in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, shoe polish, adhesives, household cleaners and industrial oils).
safety instructions
2-chloroacetamide is classified as a contact allergen , with the frequency of sensitization being occasional and the potential for sensitization being high.
Related links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry on CHLOROACETAMIDE in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on March 11, 2020.
- ↑ a b c d e f Entry on 2-chloroacetamide. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 2, 2016.
- ↑ a b c d e f Entry on 2-chloroacetamide in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 10, 2017(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Toxicological assessment of chloracetamide (PDF) at the professional association raw materials and chemical industry (BG RCI), accessed on August 22, 2012.
- ↑ Entry on 2-chloroacetamide in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
- ↑ PG Urben; MJ Pitt: Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards . 6th Edition, Vol. 1, Butterworth / Heinemann 1999, ISBN 0-7506-3605-X , p. 293.
- ↑ Grewer, T .; Klais, O .: Exothermic decomposition - investigations of the characteristic material properties , VDI-Verlag, series "Humanisierung des Arbeitsleben", Volume 84, Düsseldorf 1988, ISBN 3-18-400855-X , p. 9.