First split
The Ancient Egypt
|
|
|---|---|
| Timeline | |
| Prehistory : | before 4000 BC Chr. |
| Predynastic time : |
approx. 4000-3032 BC BC 0. Dynasty |
| Early Dynastic Period : |
approx. 3032-2707 BC Chr. 1st-2nd Dynasty |
| Old Empire : |
approx. 2707-2216 BC Chr. 3rd to 6th Dynasty |
| First intermediate time : |
approx. 2216-2137 BC Chr. 7th to 11th Dynasty |
| Middle Kingdom : |
approx. 2137–1781 BC Chr. 11 to 12th Dynasty |
| Second split time : |
approx. 1648–1550 BC BC 13th to 17th Dynasty |
| New Kingdom : |
approx. 1550-1070 BC Chr. 18 to 20 Dynasty |
| Third intermediate time : |
approx. 1070–664 BC BC 21st to 25th Dynasty |
| Late period : |
approx. 664-332 BC Chr. 26 to 31 Dynasty |
| Greco-Roman time : | 332 BC Chr. To 395 AD |
| Data based on Stan Hendrickx and Jürgen von Beckerath | |
| Summary | |
| History of Ancient Egypt | |
| Further information | |
| Portal Egyptology | |
The First Intermediate Period covers the period from 2216 to 2025 BC. In ancient Egypt . After the 6th Dynasty , Egypt fell apart, and under the newly established rulers, two cities gained particular influence: Thebes and Herakleopolis .
The Herakleopolitans, who lived in Lower Egypt , managed to bring breakaway territories under control. The Theban Mentuhotep II managed to get after his rise around 2025 BC. To reunite Lower and Upper Egypt . Nubia was retaken as far as Wawat .
7th dynasty
According to Manetho , 70 kings ruled in 70 days in this dynasty. So far, no traces have been found that could be assigned to this dynasty.
8th dynasty
From 2216 BC. BC - 2170 BC The 8th dynasty ruled Memphis .
In the 50 years or so after the end of the 6th Dynasty, 17 kings, probably as successors, filed their claims to the throne in Memphis, but they never really ruled both countries . The order is completely uncertain. Therefore, the chronology is based on the list of kings of Abydos .
9th Dynasty and 10th Dynasty
Around 2170 BC BC the power of the ruling princes in Herakleopolis had become so strong that the Memphite Gau was incorporated into their domain. The 9th and 10th dynasties began, which, however, only controlled the Nile valley as far as Assiut . At the same time, south of Assiut, the capital Thebes was another area of dominion. The 9th and 10th dynasties in Herakleopolis had 12 to 18 kings. The exact sequence and date are unknown, some names have been completely or partially lost.
These kings are completely absent from the royal tablets of Abydos and Saqqara . Kings 2 and 10 to 18 are lost on the Turin papyrus.
While the princes in Herakleopolis saw themselves as the rightful successors of the kings of the Old Kingdom (summarized here as the 9th and 10th dynasties), a strong dynasty, the 11th dynasty, emerged in Thebes at the same time.
11th dynasty
The first kings of the 11th Dynasty basically belonged to the First Intermediate Period. Mentuhotep II managed to reunite the empire sometime between his 14th and 39th year of reign. The Middle Kingdom began with the unification of the empire .
See also
literature
- Farouk Gomaà : Egypt during the First Intermediate Period. Tübingen Atlas of the Middle East . Booklets. Volume 27, Reichert, Wiesbaden 1980, ISBN 3-88226-041-6 .
- Edward Brovarski: First Intermediate Period, private tombs. In: Kathryn A. Bard (Ed.): Encyclopedia of the Archeology of Ancient Egypt. Routledge, London 1999, ISBN 0-415-18589-0 , pp. 316-19.
- Edward Brovarski: First Intermediate Period, royal tombs. In: Kathryn A. Bard (Ed.): Encyclopedia of the Archeology of Ancient Egypt. Routledge, London 1999, ISBN 0-415-18589-0 , pp. 319-21.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Klaas R. Veenhof : History of the Ancient Orient up to the time of Alexander the Great. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2001, ISBN 3525516851 , p. 87.