Adrian Grigoryevich Shaposhnikov

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Adrian Grigoryevich Shaposhnikov , Russian Адриан Григорьевич Шапошников ., Scientific transliteration Adrian Grigor'evic Šapošnikov (born May 29 . Jul / 10. June  1887 greg. In St. Petersburg ; † 22. June 1967 in Moscow ) was a Russian composer .

Life

He graduated from the Technological Institute in Saint Petersburg in 1909, but at the same time took lessons in music theory from Vasily Kalafati . He then studied composition at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory with Alexander Glasunow , Nikolai Sokolow , Nikolai Tscherepnin and Jāzeps Vītols until he graduated in 1913 . From 1914 to 1916 he worked as concertmaster with the Musical-Historical Society , one of Count Alexander Sheremetev's enthusiastic orchestras at the time .

After the October Revolution , Schaposhnikov worked from 1918 to 1936 in his first learned profession as an engineer in Moscow, mainly in the People's Commissariats for Transport and Shipping. Nevertheless, some chamber music works were created during this time, including a. Romances (1919–1922) based on verses by Fjodor Sologub , Igor Severjanin and Paul Verlaine , a sonatina for piano (1923) and a sonata for cello and piano (1935).

In 1937 he accepted the invitation of the cinema director Leonid Obolenski to set up an opera studio in what was then Ashkhabad , the capital of the Turkmen SSR . He studied the country's folklore intensively and created the opera Зохре и Тахир , one of the first Turkmen operas , based on a material from the Turkmen classic Mollanepes . The Turkmen Opera and Ballet Theater was opened with this work on November 6, 1941 - Annagul Annakuliyeva sang the leading role . Shaposhnikov composed other operas, some - as supported by the Soviet regime - in collaboration with Turkmen composers, among others. a. Шасенем и Гариб (1944) with Daňatar Öwesow and Кемине и казы (1947) with Weli Muhadow . During this time he also created choral works based on texts by the Turkmen poet Magtymguly Pyragy (1941) and a piano concerto based on Turkmen themes (1947). In the 1948 earthquake in Ashkhabad , he was one of the many injured who could be recovered from the rubble and was brought back to Moscow. There he continued to occupy himself with Turkmen folk music and with the further development of the local musical life. For this he received in the last year of his life in 1967 the honorary title “Honored Artist of the Turkmen SSR”.

His stage works have long been part of the core repertoire of the Union republic. After independence in 1991, the new regime in Turkmenistan increasingly withdrew from the promotion of classical music life, and in 2001 all opera performances were banned. After the ban was lifted in 2008, Shaposhnikov's operas were performed again from 2010. Internationally his most popular work was the Sonata for Flute and Harp (1926, rev. 1962), it has been recorded by a number of interpreters, including a. by Luisa Di Tullio and Susann McDonald.

Shaposhnikov was considered a "classic of Turkmen music". In addition to operas, he also composed orchestral works, chamber, choral and piano music, romances, songs and music for theater and film. In the early works, often settings by poets of Symbolism , there are influences of French Impressionism in the wake of Claude Debussy . In the later compositions, inspired by Turkmen motifs, he merged the folkloric material with the musical language of Russian late romanticism .

Works (selection)

  • Romances based on words by Paul Verlaine (1913) and Vyacheslav Ivanov (1913/14)
  • Symphonic painting for orchestra based on the novel In the Woods by Pawel Melnikow (1915)
  • Отравленный сад , Opera Poem (1916)
  • Romances based on verses by Fyodor Sologub, Igor Severjanin and Paul Verlaine (1919–1922)
  • Sonatina for piano (1923)
  • Triplet after words by Iwan Rukawischnikow, Fyodor Sologub and Konstantin Balmont (1925)
  • Sonata for flute and harp (1926, rev. 1962)
  • Sonata for violoncello and piano (1935)
  • Turkmen Rhapsody for Orchestra (1940)
  • Зохре и Тахир , opera (1941)
  • Гюль и бильбиль , opera (1943)
  • Шасенем и Гариб , opera (1944)
  • Кемине и казы , opera (1947)
  • Piano concerto on Turkmen themes (1947, rev. 1953)
  • Sinfonietta (1955)

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ The sources usually name June 10, 1887 as the date of birth. Occasionally, June 9th and the year of birth 1888 are also found.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d biography and catalog raisonné in: Musikalnaja Encyclopedia 1973–1982 (Russian)
  2. ↑ a b c CV on Turkmen.ru 2014 (Russian)
  3. ↑ Some sources describe it as the first Turkmen opera, cf. Rafis Abazov: Culture and Customs of the Central Asian Republics . Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut 2007, ISBN 0-313-33656-3 , pp. 145 ( google.de ).
  4. ^ Obituary Annagul Annakuliyeva on: Radio Free Europe from July 20, 2009
  5. ↑ Turkmenistan ends ban on opera and circus on: Reuters of January 21, 2008
  6. ↑ Opera "Zohreh and Tahir" by Adrian Shaposhnikov returns to Turkmenistan ( Memento of 13 December 2010 at the Internet Archive ) to: turkmenistan.ru from June 22, 2010
  7. ↑ Premiere of the opera “Zohreh and Tahir” in: ocamagazine.com on June 24, 2010
  8. ↑ a b Boris Yoffe : In the flow of the symphonic . Wolke, Hofheim 2014, ISBN 978-3-95593-059-2 , pp. 238 .
personal data
SURNAME Shaposhnikov, Adrian Grigoryevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Шапошников, Адриан Григорьевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian composer
DATE OF BIRTH June 10, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Petersburg
DATE OF DEATH June 22, 1967
Place of death Moscow