Ahlberg
| Ahlberg | ||
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 Basalt summit of the Ahlberg |
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| height | 394.6 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | Mariendorf , District of Kassel , North Hesse ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | Reinhardswald | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 27 '7 " N , 9 ° 30' 32" E | |
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The Ahlberg is a wooded, 394.6 m above sea level. NHN high mountain in the Reinhardswald . It is located near Mariendorf in the northern Hessian district of Kassel .
There are remains of a ring wall on the Ahlberg . In the past, mining was carried out on and in the mountains, and pottery was made in the deserted village of Reinersen on its south-western slope in the 15th century .
geography
location
The Ahlberg rises on the western edge of the Reinhardswald low mountain range. Its summit is about 3.4 km northeast of Immenhausen and about 1.3 km (as the crow flies ) east of Mariendorf, the northernmost district of Immenhausen.
The plateau around its basalt dome is 1.25 ha. On the western flank of the Ahlberg, which is part of the forest area of the Reinhardswald estate , lies the small residential area of Ahlberg , which belongs to Mariendorf and where the Lempe tributary Soode rises. Not far south past the mountain, the source streams of the Esse tributary Holzkape run . The neighboring mountain to the east is the Junkernkopf, about 2.4 km away .
Natural allocation
The Ahlberg belongs in the natural spatial main unit group Weser-Leine-Bergland (No. 37) and in the main unit Solling, Bramwald and Reinhardswald (370) to the sub-unit Reinhardswald (370.4). To the west the landscape falls into the subunit Hofgeismarer Rötsenke (343.4), which belongs to the main unit group West Hessisches Bergland (34) to the main unit West Hessische Senke (343).
Cultural and historical significance
The area of the Ahlberg is particularly known for its cultural and historical significance and a settlement history that goes back more than 2000 years. The natural resources available here, such as clay , sand , stones , lignite and wood, served as a livelihood for many generations in the surrounding villages.
The summit plateau of the Ahlberg is enclosed by a ring wall with a ditch in front, which is almost straight on the north and east side, but slightly curved on the south and west side. There used to be a clay pit on the southwest side, the access to which is interrupted by the moat and wall. Some other trough-shaped depressions in the area around the plateau can also be traced back to the clay extraction. The rampart and moat are clearly visible in the south-east and east.
Masonry is to be assumed as the original substance of the fortification, which is visible today as a rampart, as in some places on the outside of the rampart visible stones point to a wall front. The shape and design of the trenches and ramparts suggest the remains of an early medieval fortification that was superimposed on an older Iron Age complex, as is evident from finds from this period. In the midst of the early medieval fortifications, a guard tower was built at the highest point in the late Middle Ages , probably as a counterpart to the Udenhausen observatory that is within sight . Parts of a wall foundation of the Ahlberg tower are still preserved, and remnants of a circular wall , which enclosed an area around the tower with a diameter of about 15 meters, can be seen in the area.
On the Ahlberg, similar to the Gahrenberg , from 1755, with interruptions caused by water ingress, until 1925, lignite was mined underground with the help of a sloping tunnel. Only a few relics are evidence of this, such as a natural stone foundation with four embedded threaded rods and a brick-built, approximately seven-meter-high pillar as part of the former vibrating plant on the main street of the Ahlberg settlement. Opposite the pillar was the old Steigerhaus until 1922 , of which only a foundation remains, and next to it was the tunnel mouth .
One of the few older houses that exist in the Ahlberg settlement today is the new Steigerhaus, built in 1920, which was initially intended to serve as a residence for the Prussian forest officer Heinrich Paul and his family. When the latter was unable to complete the shell construction that had begun, the Ahlberg union bought it when lignite mining was resumed in 1921 and set up a residential building for the mine’s manager, the Steiger, to replace the Steigerhaus from 1789. The administration of the colliery was also housed in the generously proportioned building. Already in 1925 the mine operation was finally stopped due to renewed water ingress. The Steigerhaus then belonged to different owners and served alternately as a residential or commercial building, from 1926 to 1939 as a holiday pension.
Ahlberg-Mariendorf cultural history eco path
Since autumn 2007, another circular route run by the Reinhardswald EcoMuseum , the 4.5 km long Ahlberg-Mariendorf cultural history trail , has been a cultural-historical educational trail , including over the Ahlberg, through the former miners' settlement, through Mariendorf and past the Reinersen desert.
On the eco path , information on geological and archaeological peculiarities of the Ahlberg can be found on several display boards. The path can be reached, for example, from the Ahlberg bus stop , is continuously signposted and, even if the ascents and descents on the Ahlberg are steep, easily accessible in dry weather.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ^ Hans-Jürgen Klink: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 112 Kassel. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1969. → Online map (PDF; 6.9 MB)
- ↑ a b Eco path cultural history Ahlberg − Mariendorf on eco-pfade.de
literature
- Rolf Gensen: The ring wall system on the Ahlberg near Immenhausen-Mariendorf, in: City and district of Kassel. Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany 7, Stuttgart 1986, p. 129 ff.
- Jörg Lindenthal: Cultural discoveries - Archaeological monuments in Hessen , Darmstadt 2004, p. 95, ISBN 3-934377-734
- Norbert Lip Meier: The Steigerhaus am Ahlberg, in: Yearbook of the district of Kassel 2006, p. 11 ff.
- Norbert Lipmeier (Ed.): Around the Ahlberg , Kulturhistorischer Bildband - eleven authors describe many individual aspects of the two and a half thousand year settlement history around the Ahlberg, Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar, ISBN 3-89570-978-6
