Old Karlsruhe airfield
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Old Karlsruhe airfield
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_01.JPG) Old Karlsruhe airfield |
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| location | Karlsruhe , Baden-Wuerttemberg | |
| surface | 69.1 ha | |
| Identifier | 2,229 | |
| WDPA ID | 555514010 | |
| Natura 2000 ID | 6916-341 | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 2 ' N , 8 ° 23' E | |
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| Sea level | from 113 m to 116 m | |
| Setup date | November 30, 2010 | |
| administration | Karlsruhe Regional Council | |
The old airfield is a nature reserve in the Hardtebenen natural area in Karlsruhe in Baden-Württemberg . After the use of the United States Armed Forces as a military airfield ended , valuable sand and grasslands could develop in the area. It is a habitat of more than 80 documented bird species, over 100 species of moths and more than 280 different species of flowering plants.
geography
The 69.1 hectare nature reserve is located in the north-west of Karlsruhe. It borders Neureut in the north, the Nordstadt in the east and south and the northwestern city in the west.
Most of the old airfield is a nature reserve. The south-eastern part is protected by a general decree of the city. The area is surrounded on three sides by residential areas and tram lines. There are plans to develop parts of the area.
Characteristics
The area was designated as a nature reserve by ordinance on November 30, 2010 and is managed under the protected area number 2.229 at the Karlsruhe Regional Council. The protection purpose of the nature reserve is specified in Section 3 of the ordinance. It has an area of around 69.1 hectares and is classified in IUCN Category IV, a biotope and species protection area. The WDPA ID is 555514010 and corresponds to the European CDDA code and the EUNIS no.
In addition to the status as a nature reserve and protection through the general decree, parts of the nature reserve are protected by the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive of the EU and are therefore part of the Natura 2000 network. It has an area of around 53.7 hectares and is classified under protected area no. 6916341 with the identical name.
history
Before using it as an airfield
In the 18th century, the Baden army used an area further to the east as a so-called “small parade ground”. At the beginning of the 19th century, a larger area of the Hardtwald was cleared , creating the large parade ground with an area of 75 hectares at the current location.
After the end of the Franco-Prussian War at the end of the 19th century, large barracks were built south of the large parade ground . At the beginning of the 20th century, the Karlsruhe Municipal Hospital was built on the southern edge .
Active use
On September 8, 1909, an anchorage for zeppelins was set up in the middle of the southern half of the large parade ground . With increasing use, regular flight operations started in Karlsruhe for the first time in 1925 and the location developed into an important domestic German civil airport. 39 cities at home and abroad were served, and in the first year almost 2,000 passengers were carried.
In 1935, further parts of the Hardtwald north of the airfield were cleared for the military activities of the Third Reich and the area was expanded to a total of 136 hectares. The facilities were modernized and expanded, and civil aviation, now also to international destinations, was discontinued.
After the Second World War , the armed forces of the United States took over the airfield, but used it only to a limited extent as a military airfield .
Conversion into a nature reserve
In 1953, 40 hectares of the site were released by the Americans for the construction of apartments. From 1991 onwards, the local council discussed the development of the area, which should bring nature conservation and housing construction in harmony. When the old airfield was handed over to the city of Karlsruhe in 1993, the expansion of the north-west city began. In 2003 the city regulated the use with a general decree, which was extended in 2010 by a nature reserve ordinance of the Karlsruhe regional council.
Protection
The old airfield is a largely flat, sandy area. After the clearing, the areas were mowed or grazed very irregularly. Since no measures were taken to improve the soil either, the lack of nutrients remained. This created a habitat that is partially unique in the northern Upper Rhine Plain . Over 80 bird species, 100 moth species and 280 different flowering plant species have been found so far.
Landscape types such as heather and extensive grassland play a central role. In the south of the old airfield there are extensive grasslands , in the central area the last nebulas of the northern Upper Rhine plain. These are home to some endangered plant species, including z. B. the heather carnation and the sand rapunzel .
Stechimmen have one of the last occurrences in the natural area or possibly even in Baden-Württemberg. For some rare and endangered breeding bird species as well as migratory birds, the extensive grass areas and the differently structured woody plants offer high quality habitats.
maintenance
The environmental and occupational safety authority of the city of Karlsruhe is responsible for maintaining and maintaining the old airfield. To keep the poor grass open, the southern part is mowed regularly, while the northern part is grazed by donkeys.
The neighboring population is regularly informed about the activities through press articles and guided tours. As part of the “Schoolchildren experience nature conservation” project, schoolchildren are introduced to the care of the nature reserve.
See also
- List of nature reserves in Karlsruhe
- List of nature reserves in Baden-Württemberg
- Old Karlsruhe Airport (FFH area)
Individual evidence
- ↑ FFH area - old airfield. Map. In: Karlsruhe: City Information. City of Karlsruhe, accessed on November 18, 2014 .
- ↑ a b c Nature and environmental protection - Alter Flugplatz. In: Karlsruhe: City Information. City of Karlsruhe, accessed on November 16, 2014 .
- ↑ a b c Profile of the nature reserve in the LUBW's list of protected areas
- ^ Ordinance of the Karlsruhe Regional Council. (PDF; 27.4 kB) State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg, June 13, 1985, accessed on November 24, 2014 .
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ Manfred Koch: From the parade field to the airstrip - the airfields Karlsruhe and Forchheim. In: Manfred Koch, Jürgen Morlok (eds.): From grass runways to Baden-Airport. Aviation in Mittelbaden. Brown. Karlsruhe 1999, ISBN 3-7650-8231-7 , p. 68 f.
- ↑ Nature reserve old airfield Karlsruhe - steppe landscape in the city. In: Environment theme park. Baden-Württemberg Ministry for the Environment, Climate Protection and the Energy Sector, accessed on November 18, 2014 .
- ^ Rietschel & Strauss: Old Karlsruhe Airfield. In: Old Airfield Karlsruhe. State Museum for Natural History Karlsruhe, accessed on November 16, 2014 .
Web links
- Profile of the nature reserve in the LUBW's list of protected areas
- State Nature Conservation Administration Baden-Württemberg: Nature reserve Alter Flugplatz Karlsruhe. (PDF; 2.12 MB) leaflet. Karlsruhe Regional Council, August 29, 2011, accessed on November 24, 2014 .
- State Nature Conservation Administration of Baden-Württemberg: The old airfield appears in different colors over the course of the year. (PDF; 15.55 MB) Flyer. Karlsruhe Regional Council, April 22, 2008, accessed on November 24, 2014 .
