Andwil (noble family)

Coat of arms of the Lords of Andwil on the Zurich coat of arms roll

From the 12th to the 17th century, the lords of Andwil or Anweil were a lower nobility family from what is now eastern Switzerland and who emigrated to southern Germany in the course of the Reformation .

Surname

In 1380 Oberberg near Gossau came to the Lords of Andwil.

The family's name can be found in the literature and on grave inscriptions in a wide variety of spellings (Ainwil, Andwil, Anwyl, Anwil, Anweil, Anweyl). There is no connection between the Lords of Andwil and the village of Anwil in Basel .

history

Epitaph of the nobles of Andwil, painted by Martin Schaffner . The noble Fritz Jakob is shown with his mother, wife and three brothers. The work is exhibited in the Staatsgalerie Stuttgart .

The Lords of Andwil served as ministerials to the Hochstift Konstanz and from around 1220 to the Prince Abbot of St. Gallen . In Constance cathedral chapter and canons of St. Pelagius in Bischofszell a number found their field of activity of family members.

The first documented representative is 1169 Hesso as a witness in an episcopal document. Conrad and his son Baldebrecht were marshals of the bishop at the beginning of the 13th century . Their place of residence was probably the newly built Andwil Castle near Andwil (SG) , which they held with the bailiwick of the same name as an abbot's fief . The family continued to take over the bailiwicks of Neu- Andwil , Arnegg , Matten , Brühwil and Oberberg until the 15th century . In the Appenzell War , members of the family stood on both sides: in 1401, 1405 and 1406 they had to accept the destruction of their Freiburg castles near Geretschwil , Andwil and Oberberg one after the other .

The family ran into economic difficulties during the Appenzell Wars and from 1430 to 1470 they sold all of their bailiwicks except for Andwil. Hans von Andwil settled in St. Gallen , where he worked as a lawyer and was granted citizenship. Fritz Jakob von Anwil was court master of Constance Bishop Hugo von Hohenlandenberg and his senior bailiff in Bischofszell. Due to his conversion to the Reformed Church in 1524, he had to give up these offices and moved with his sons to the Duchy of Württemberg . In the 16th and 17th centuries the family held high positions in administration and diplomacy in Württemberg and the margraviate of Baden-Durlach .

The last male agreement was the Württemberg Chamberlain Wolfgang Eberhard.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the Lords of Ainwil in Conrad Grünenberg's book of arms , 1604

Blazon : The head and neck of a red stag in silver . On the helmet with red and white blankets a sitting red fox . Alternatively, crest with a golden fox or a growing red bear .

The coat of arms of the municipality of Andwil in the canton of St. Gallen also shows the head and neck of a red deer.

Personalities

• Fritz Jakob von Anwil († 1532)
• Hans Albrecht von Anweil (1500–1562)
• Hans Burkhard von Anweil (* around 1531; † 1593), ducal councilor, as well as Obervogt von Herrenberg and assessor at the ducal court in Tübingen
• Hans Caspar von Anweil ​​(† 1562), Obervogt of Tübingen
• Friedrich Jacob von Anweil ​​(† 1540), Obervogt von Tübingen
• Christoph Daniel von Anweil († 1620), governor of the Rötteln district office

See also

Markward von Annweiler does not belong to the von Anweil ​​family.

literature

• Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New general German nobility lexicon published in association with several historians. 1859, pp. 90-91 Google digitized version
• Julius Kindler von Knobloch : Upper Baden gender book , Heidelberg 1894, Volume 1, pp. 15-17 digitized
• Carl Friedrich Schilling von Canstatt: genealogical table of the von Anweil ​​family, ... In: gender description of the von Schilling families. Karlsruhe 1807, pp. 335-336 digitized
• Gabriel Bucelin : Fragmentum Nobilissimæ Vetustissimæque familiæ Equitum from Anvveil. In: Germania Topo-Chrono-Stemmato-Graphica Sacra Et Profana: In qua Brevi Compendio Multa distinctè explicantur , Ulm 1662, Volume 2.2 digitized
• Fritz Jacob von Anwyl, Johannes Meyer: A short description of the Thurgau. In: Thurgauische Contributions to patriotic history, volume (year): 26 (1886), pp. 124–136 digitized ; Anwyl's manuscript reprinted with an introduction by Meyer to the Anweil ​​family
• Ildefons von Arx : Stories of the Canton of St. Gallen , Volume 3, St. Gallen 1813, pp. 339–342 Digitized
• Albert Ludwig : Bailiff Johann Albrecht (Albert) of Anweil. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 1/1939, pp. 1–17 digitized

Web links

Commons : Anweil ​​family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Martin Schaffner (around 1478–1546 / 49) Epitaph of the von Anwyl family, 1514 at www.staatsgalerie.de, accessed on September 4, 2018 (complete epitaph)
• Entries Anweil on www.koeblergerhard.de, accessed on September 4, 2018.

Individual evidence

1. ^ History. On the website of the municipality of Andwil (SG), accessed on February 15, 2020
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Martin Leonhard: von Andwil. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
   These sections are largely based on the entry in the Historical Lexicon of Switzerland (HLS), which, in accordance with the HLS's usage information, is licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution - Share Alike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license .
3. ↑ see von Arx p. 341
4. ↑ see Kindler p. 17
5. ↑ see Stiftskirche (Tübingen) #Epitaphe