Annemarie Schwarzenbach

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Annemarie Schwarzenbach: Self-portrait with her two-eyed Rolleiflex Standard 621 camera (made in the 1930s)
Erika Mann sitting in front of the "Haus Jäger" (Schwarzenbach's apartment in Sils in the Engadin), photographed by Annemarie Schwarzenbach in 1936
Children on the journey to Persepolis (1933/1934)
Afghanistan, Herat: The fermentation fermentation of the 'fattening' (sour milk) is filled into the goat skin / Our Ford in the 'garage' in Herat (1939/1940)
Belgian Congo, Nizi, two mine workers in the daytime facilities of a mine in Kilo-Moto (1941/1942)

Annemarie Schwarzenbach (born May 23, 1908 in Zurich ; † November 15, 1942 in Sils in the Engadine ; resident in Thalwil ) was a Swiss writer and journalist .

Life

Annemarie Schwarzenbach came from the wealthy industrial family of the Schwarzenbachs in Zurich. Her father, Alfred Emil Schwarzenbach, was a wealthy industrialist and one of the largest silk manufacturers in the world. He owned silk weaving mills in Thalwil near Zurich and abroad. Her mother Renée Schwarzenbach-Wille was the daughter of General Ulrich Wille , who had served in the First World War, and the granddaughter of the writer Eliza Wille .

She grew up in the lake community of Horgen on the stately Bocken estate and received her doctorate at the age of 23 with a thesis on the history of the Upper Engadin in the Middle Ages and at the beginning of the modern era . Her first journalistic publications and literary texts were created while she was still a student. Shortly after completing her studies, she made her debut with the novel Friends of Bernhard . In 1931 she stayed in Berlin more often and was in close contact with Klaus and Erika Mann in Munich. Her first experience with morphine also fell during this time . Schwarzenbach's relationship with her mother was very tense, partly because of her anti-fascist attitude. After 1933, some members of the Schwarzenbach / Wille family sympathized with the “ Swiss Front ”, which advocated rapprochement between Switzerland and Nazi Germany, while Annemarie Schwarzenbach's circle of friends included numerous Jewish and political emigrants from Germany.

After 1933, she partly led the life of a migrant herself and traveled several years in a row to different countries, often together with Klaus Mann, whose literary exile magazine Die Sammlung gave her financial support. In 1933 Annemarie Schwarzenbach went on a first journalistic trip to Spain with the photographer Marianne Breslauer . In the same year she went to Persia . After returning to Switzerland, she traveled to Moscow in 1934, where she and Klaus Mann took part in the first all-union congress of Soviet writers. In 1935 she returned to Persia and married - despite her lesbian orientation - the French diplomat Claude-Achille Clarac , who was also homosexual . In 1937 she did research in Moscow for her book about the Swiss expedition mountaineer Lorenz Saladin , who had died the year before after climbing Khan Tengri in Kyrgyzstan . In 1939 she stayed in clinics for a long period of time for drug withdrawal. During this time she wrote her book The Happy Valley .

Memorial plaque for Annemarie Schwarzenbach in Sils Baselgia

Together with the Swiss writer Ella Maillart , she traveled overland to Afghanistan in a Ford V8 91A Deluxe via Istanbul, Trabzon and Tehran in June 1939 . In September, at the outbreak of World War II, she was in Kabul . Schwarzenbach was sick for several weeks, after which she left Maillart. She then moved to the USA, where she met the Mann siblings again in New York. It was there that she met the writer Carson McCullers , who fell head over heels in love with Schwarzenbach. She did not reciprocate their feelings, but remained friends with the McCullers during her time in the United States and wrote several benevolent reviews of McCuller's debut novel, The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter . In the USA, too, Schwarzenbach had to seek psychiatric treatment several times because of her addiction to morphine, severe depression and suicide attempts. After visiting her husband in Tétouan in June 1942, Schwarzenbach returned to Switzerland. On September 7, 1942, she fell on her bicycle in the Engadin and sustained a serious head injury, from which she died on November 15 after a misdiagnosis and subsequent incorrect treatment.

estate

Annemarie Schwarzenbach's estate is in the Swiss Literary Archives in Bern . On the 75th anniversary of his death on November 15, 2017, the Swiss National Library digitized over 3,000 photographs from the holdings of the Swiss Literary Archives and put them online. These are travel pictures that Annemarie Schwarzenbach took in the 1930s and 1940s in Europe, Africa, America and Asia.

Fonts

  • Bibliography of Annemarie Schwarzenbach's writings (including her texts that were not published independently) in: Walter Fähnders, Sabine Rohlf (ed.): Annemarie Schwarzenbach. Analyzes and first prints. With a Schwarzenbach bibliography. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2005, ISBN 3-89528-452-1 .
  • The happy valley. With a biography of the author by Charles Linsmayer . (= Reprinted by Huber, No. 1). 6th edition. Huber Verlag, Frauenfeld 2001, ISBN 3-7193-0982-7 .
  • Lyric novella. New edition. Edited by Roger Perret. Lenos, Basel 1993, ISBN 3-85787-653-0 .
  • With this rain. Stories. First edition. Edited by Roger Perret. Lenos, Basel 1989, ISBN 3-85787-182-2 .
  • On the dark side. Selected reports, feature articles and photographs 1933–1942. First edition. Edited by Regina Dieterle and Roger Perret. Lenos, Basel 1995, ISBN 3-85787-241-1 .
  • Beyond New York. Selected reports, feature articles and photographs from the USA 1936–1938. First edition. Edited by Roger Perret. Lenos, Basel 1992, ISBN 3-85787-216-0 .
  • Death in Persia. First edition. Edited by Roger Perret. Lenos, Basel 2003, ISBN 3-85787-675-1 .
  • Friends around Bernhard. New edition. Lenos, Basel 1998, ISBN 3-85787-648-4 .
  • Escape to the top. Novel. First edition. Edited by Roger Perret. Lenos, Basel 1999, ISBN 3-85787-280-2 .
  • All roads are open. The trip to Afghanistan 1939/1940. Selected texts. First edition. Edited by Roger Perret. Lenos, Basel 2000, ISBN 3-85787-749-9 .
  • Winter in the Middle East. New edition. Lenos, Basel 2002, ISBN 3-85787-668-9 .
  • Immortal blue / Bleu immortel. Travel to Afghanistan / Voyages en Afghanistan. (with Ella Maillart and Nicolas Bouvier .) Edited by Roger Perret / Sous la direction de Roger Perret. First edition. Scheidegger & Spiess, Zurich / Editions Zoé, Genève 2003, ISBN 3-85881-148-3 .
  • Europe island. Selected reports and feature articles 1930–1942. First edition. Edited by Roger Perret. Lenos, Basel 2005, ISBN 3-85787-369-8 .
  • Congo Shores / From Tetouan. First print from the estate. Esperluète Editions, Noville-sur-Mehaigne 2005, ISBN 2-930223-64-2 .
  • Lorenz Saladin: A life for the mountains. Edited by Robert Steiner and Emil Zopfi. New edition. Lenos, Basel 2007, ISBN 978-3-85787-385-0 .
  • Georg Trakl . First print and commentary, edited by Walter Fähnders and Andreas Tobler. In: Messages from the Brenner archive. 23/2004, pp. 47-81.
  • Parisian novella. First print from the estate, edited by Walter Fähnders. In: Yearbook on the culture and literature of the Weimar Republic. Volume 8, 2003, pp. 11-35.
  • "We'll manage it, life." Annemarie Schwarzenbach to Klaus and Erika Mann, letters 1930–1942. Centaurus, Pfaffenweiler 1993, ISBN 3-89085-681-0 .
  • To see a woman. First print from the estate. Kein & Aber, Zurich 2008, ISBN 978-3-0369-5523-0 .
  • Before Christmas. [1933]. First print from the estate. In: Wolfgang Klein et al. (Ed.): Between. Travel - metropolises - avant-garde. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2009, ISBN 978-3-89528-731-2 , pp. 69-79.
  • Orient trips. Reports from abroad. Edited and with an afterword by Walter Fähnders. 2nd Edition. Edition Ebersbach, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-86915-019-2 . New edition: ebersbach & simon, Berlin 2017 (blue notes), ISBN 978-3-86915-150-2 .
  • with Hans-Rudolf Schmid: Switzerland (East and South) - What is not in the “Baedeker” , Volume XV. Piper Verlag, Munich 1932.
  • with Hans-Rudolf Schmid: Switzerland (North and West) - What is not in the "Baedeker". Volume XVI. Piper Verlag, Munich 1933.
  • The miracle of the tree. Novel. Edited from the estate and with an afterword by Sofie Decock, Walter Fähnders and Uta Schaffers. Chronos, Zurich 2011, ISBN 978-3-0340-1063-4 .
  • African writings. Reports - poetry - autobiography. With the first print of «Marc» . Edited by Sofie Decock, Walter Fähnders and Uta Schaffers. Chronos, Zurich 2012, ISBN 978-3-0340-1141-9 .
  • On the outermost rivers of paradise. Portrait of a traveler. A text collage by Roger Perret. First edition. Lenos, Basel 2016, ISBN 978-3-85787-470-3 .
  • Early texts by Annemarie Schwarzenbach and an unknown photo: Conversation / The fairy tale of the captive princess / "with the boy Michael." / Erik. In: Gregor Ackermann, Walter Delabar (ed.): Little man in one-way streets. Finds and omissions. (= June. Magazine for literature and culture . Issue 53/54.) Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2017, ISBN 978-3-8498-1225-6 , pp. 152–182.
  • Articles for the Neue Zürcher Zeitung , z. B. The reorganization of the University of Stambul , NZZ December 3, 1933, p. 8, in connection with the academic German refugees in Turkey .

Audio books

literature

  • Bettina Augustin: The unknown twin. Annemarie Schwarzenbach in the mirror of photography. Brinkmann and Bose, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-940048-03-5 .
  • Mirella Carbone (Ed.): Annemarie Schwarzenbach. Work, effect, context. Files from the conference in Sils / Engadin from October 16 to 19, 2008. With a Schwarzenbach bibliography 2005–2009. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2010, ISBN 978-3-89528-796-1 .
  • Sofie Decock: Paper flags on an imaginary world map. Topo- and tempographies in Annemarie Schwarzenbach's Asia and Africa writings. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2010, ISBN 978-3-89528-794-7 (Dissertation University of Ghent 2009, 333 pages).
  • Sofie Decock, Walter Fähnders and Uta Schaffer's “The Miracle of the Tree” (1941/42). To Annemarie Schwarzenbach's African novel. In: Africa at a Glance. Images of Africa in German-speaking Europe 1870–1970. Edited by Manuel Menrath. Chronos, Zurich 2012, ISBN 978-3-0340-1137-2 , pp. 213-236.
  • Sofie Decock, Uta Schaffers (eds.): Inside out. Text-based explorations of Annemarie Schwarzenbach's work. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2008, ISBN 978-3-89528-697-1 .
  • Walter Fähnders, Sabine Rohlf (ed.): Annemarie Schwarzenbach. Analyzes and first prints. With a Schwarzenbach bibliography. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2005, ISBN 3-89528-452-1 .
  • Walter Fähnders: Paris, Berlin, Moscow and the "Happy Valley". To Annemarie Schwarzenbach's city and travel prose. In: Walter Fähnders, Nils Plath and others: Berlin, Paris, Moscow - travel literature and the metropolises. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2005, ISBN 3-89528-487-4 , pp. 91-106.
  • Walter Fähnders: In Venice and elsewhere. Annemarie Schwarzenbach and Ruth Landshoff-Yorck. In: Petra Josting, Walter Fähnders (ed.): “Laboratorium Verseitigkeit” - On the literature of the Weimar Republic. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2005, ISBN 3-89528-546-3 , pp. 227-252.
  • Walter Fähnders, Andreas Tobler: Letters from Annemarie Schwarzenbach to Otto Kleiber from the years 1933–1942. In: Journal for German Studies. 2/2006, pp. 366-374.
  • Walter Fähnders: “Really, I only live when I write.” On Annemarie Schwarzenbach's travel prose (1908–1942). In: Sprachkunst. Contributions to literary studies. 38, Vienna 2007, 1st half volume, pp. 27–54.
  • Walter Fähnders, Helga Karrenbrock: “Syrian keynote”. Annemarie Schwarzenbach's “Before Christmas” in the context of her oriental travel prose. In: Wolfgang Klein, Walter Fähnders, Andrea Grewe (Eds.): In between. Travel - metropolises - avant-garde. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2009 (Travel Texts Metropoles 8), ISBN 978-3-89528-731-2 , pp. 82-105.
  • Walter Fähnders: New finds. Annemarie Schwarzenbach's articles in the Argentinisches Tageblatt (1933 to 1941). In: Gregor Ackermann, Walter Delabar (ed.): Writing women. A chart in the early 20th century. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2011, ISBN 978-3-89528-857-9 , pp. 193-198.
  • Walter Fähnders, Uta Schaffers: “I wrote. And it was a bliss. ”The poet and author role for Annemarie Schwarzenbach . In: Gregor Ackermann, Walter Delabar (ed.): Little man in one-way streets. Finds and omissions. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2017 (= JUNE. Magazine for Literature and Culture . Issue 53/54), ISBN 978-3-8498-1225-6 , pp. 119–151.
  • Walter Fähnders, Uta Schaffers: On Annemarie Schwarzenbach's early texts . In: Gregor Ackermann, Walter Delabar (ed.): Little man in one-way streets. Finds and omissions . Aisthesis, Bielefeld: 2017 (= JUNE. Magazine for literature and culture . Issue 53/54), 2017, ISBN 978-3-8498-1225-6 , pp. 182–195.
  • Areti Georgiadou: Life is tearing itself apart into a thousand pieces. Annemarie Schwarzenbach. Campus Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-593-35350-4 .
  • Areti Georgiadou:  Schwarzenbach, Mina Renée Annemarie. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-428-11205-0 , p. 16 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Ueli Haldimann (Ed.): The most beautiful ski fields and the most beautiful little church. In: Hermann Hesse, Thomas Mann and others in Arosa - texts and images from two centuries. AS Verlag, Zurich 2001, ISBN 3-905111-67-5 , pp. 133-135.
  • Alexandra Lavizzari : Almost a love. Annemarie Schwarzenbach and Carson McCullers. Edition Ebersbach, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-938740-55-2 . Revised by Verlag Ebersbach & Simon, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-86915-139-7 .
  • Charles Linsmayer: Annemarie Schwarzenbach. A chapter of tragic Swiss literary history. Biography. Huber, Frauenfeld 2008, ISBN 978-3-7193-1486-6 .
  • Ella Maillart : The Bitter Way. First edition. 1948. (Lenos, Basel 2001, ISBN 3-85787-663-8 ) (The trip to Afghanistan from Maillart's point of view.)
  • Melania G. Mazzucco : The so beloved. Piper, 2004, ISBN 3-492-24149-2 .
  • Niklaus Meienberg : One of them rebels and dies from it. In: Niklaus Meienberg: The world as will and madness. Zurich 1987.
  • Dominique Laure Miermont: Annemarie Schwarzenbach - A winged impatience. A biography. Ammann, Zurich 2008, ISBN 978-3-250-10520-6 .
  • Nicole Müller, Dominique Grente: The inconsolable angel. Knesebeck, 1995, ISBN 3-926901-74-8 .
  • Elio Pellin: A fortune melts away - Annemarie Schwarzenbach. Millions heiress in need of money. In: Breadless? Quarto - Journal of the Swiss Literary Archives , No. 20, 2005, ISBN 2-05-101959-2 , pp. 28–33.
  • Roger Perret: On the outermost rivers of paradise. A portrait of the writer and photojournalist Annemarie Schwarzenbach. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 7./8. March 1987, No. 55, pp. 81-84.
  • Roger Perret: Annemarie Schwarzenbach. Approaching a portrait. In: Daily Life, 1987, No. 2, pp. 7-16.
  • Roger Perret: Seriousness, dignity and happiness of existence. In: Annemarie Schwarzenbach: Lyric Novelle. Lenos, Basel 1988, pp. 99-146.
  • Roger Perret: Afterword. In: Annemarie Schwarzenbach: Beyond New York. Selected reports, feature articles and photographs 1936–1938. Lenos, Basel 1992, pp. 159-184.
  • Roger Perret: Persia or the “heavenly, global stranger”. In: Annemarie Schwarzenbach: Death in Persia. Lenos, Basel 1995, pp. 125-149.
  • Roger Perret: «The senselessness, the impassability, the groping trace». In: Annemarie Schwarzenbach: Escape to the top. Novel. Lenos, Basel 1999, pp. 211-238.
  • Roger Perret: «My existence banished into the distant and adventurous». In: Annemarie Schwarzenbach: All roads are open. The trip to Afghanistan 1939/1940. Lenos, Basel 2000, pp. 139–167.
  • Alexis Schwarzenbach : The born one. Renée Schwarzenbach-Wille and her family. Scheidegger & Spiess, 2004, ISBN 3-85881-161-0 .
  • Alexis Schwarzenbach: On the threshold of the stranger. The life of Annemarie Schwarzenbach. ( A woman can be seen with audio CD . Read by Bibiana Beglau .) Collection Rolf Heyne, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-89910-368-7 .
  • Kurt Wanner: Where I feel lighter than anywhere else. Annemarie Schwarzenbach and her time in Graubünden. Verlag Bündner Monatsblatt, Chur 1997, ISBN 3-905241-83-8 .
  • Elvira Willems: Annemarie Schwarzenbach. Author, traveler, photographer. Centaurus, Freiburg 1999, ISBN 3-8255-0246-5 .
  • Eberhard Pühl: Annemarie Schwarzenbach in Rheinsberg. Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 2019, ISBN 978-3-7308-1571-7

Annemarie Schwarzenbach as a literary figure

theatre

  • 1998: Hélène Bezençon: Arrète de rêver, l'Etrangère. Annemarie Schwarzenbach, une quète, 1929-1942.
  • 1998: Hélène Bezençon, Philipp Engelmann, Christoph Keller, Birgit Kempker, Johanna Lier: A fallen angel in the Hotel Switzerland. Approaches to Annemarie Schwarzenbach. A theatrical collage. Theater an der Winkelwiese Zurich.
  • 2003: Matthias Günther, Andreas Tobler: Anne and Ella. A trip to Kabul. Theater Basel .
  • 2015: Le Ruisseau noir. Opera based on the life and work of Annemarie Schwarzenbach. Text and direction: Elsa Rooke. Composition: Guy-François Leuenberger. Théâtre du Grütli, Geneva.
  • 2015: Sils-Kaboul. (After La voie cruelle by Ella Maillart et Où est la terre des promesses? By Annemarie Schwarzenbach). Director: Anne Bisang. Théâtre populaire romand, La Chaux-de-Fonds.

Movie

Exhibitions (selection)

  • La voie cruelle, la voie heureuse. Travels to Afghanistan in 1939/1940 and 1953/1954. (with Ella Maillart and Nicolas Bouvier .) Photographs and texts. Curator: Roger Perret. (Traveling exhibition 1999-2003)
  • Annemarie Schwarzenbach. Selected Photographs 1933-1940. The Godwin-Ternbach Museum, Queens College, New York, 2005.
  • To see a woman. Museum Strauhof Zurich and Literaturhaus Berlin
  • Self-portraits of the world. Museu Colecção Bernardo in Lisbon, 2010.

Web links

Commons : Annemarie Schwarzenbach  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christoph Steiner: Annemarie Schwarzenbach - over 3000 photographs freely available. In: blog.digithek.ch. October 31, 2017, accessed November 4, 2017 .
  2. ↑ www.nb.admin.ch: Annemarie Schwarzenbach in the SLA
  3. ↑ e-manuscripta.ch: List with 3489 preview images
  4. ↑ Can be heard across Switzerland at AV stations of the Swiss National Sound Archives .
  5. ↑ a b Behrang Samsami: Digging and Remembering. On two anthologies with text-oriented explorations of the work of Annemarie Schwarzenbach, literaturkritik.de, November 2008 ( Memento from November 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ^ Walter Fähnders: Bibliography of the works on Annemarie Schwarzenbach (ongoing, from 2010) ( Memento of November 8, 2017 in the Internet Archive )} (PDF; 516 kB).
  7. ↑ Bettina Spoerri: Playing with reflections and projections. Exhibition report in the Neue Zürcher Zeitung on March 18, 2008, accessed on January 26, 2011.
  8. ^ Exhibition documentation ( Memento from January 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) at the Literaturhaus Berlin
  9. ^ Web archive of the Rätisches Museum Chur ( memento from November 17, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on January 26, 2011.
personal data
SURNAME Schwarzenbach, Annemarie
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss writer and journalist
DATE OF BIRTH May 23, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Zurich
DATE OF DEATH November 15, 1942
Place of death Sils in the Engadine