Attergau

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Coordinates: 47 ° 56 '  N , 13 ° 28'  E

Relief map: Upper Austria
marker
Attergau

The Attergau is an area northwest of the Attersee in Upper Austria .

geography

The Attergau, that is the wide, bowl-shaped basin with the St. Georgen market in the middle, should be entered by road or by train from the north, from Frankenmarkt or Vöcklamarkt: this is accessible from the ridge between Schmidham and Walsberg The most beautiful view of the flat, green hollow, over which the wooded Buchberg rises at a suitable distance to the left, the populated Kronberg to the right and that towering above everything, in the middle a wall of light limestone, the Höllengebirge.

The Attergau includes the following communities:

economy

As the Attergau holiday region, Attergau is part of the Salzkammergut . The Attergau tourism association comprises the communities of St. Georgen, Straß and Berg (St. Georgen / Straß / Berg tourism association ), Weißenkirchen is associated with its own local association.

Settlement history

The first documented settlement of the area dates back thousands of years (3000 BC). Stone Age people drove on their dugout canoes on the Attersee, settled the banks and are known for their pile dwellings (in 1871, pile dwelling villages of the Mondsee culture were discovered on the Attersee and Mondsee).

In the 2nd century BC The area becomes part of the kingdom of Noricum and with the conquest of the kingdom in 15 BC. BC by the Romans a part of the Imperium Romanum. Christianity came to the province of Noricum through the Roman soldiers, businessmen and colonists . Saint Severin in 482 certainly played an important role in spreading the faith .

Around 500 to 550 the Bavarians invaded and cleared many parts of the area. Many place names go back to the Bavarian origin. The immigrant Bavarians followed the Roman roads and met Romanized locals, as evidenced by place names such as Seewalchen or Ainwalchen . The name 'Attergau' itself also goes back to the time when the area belonged to the Bavarian tribal duchy. As with most medieval Bavarian Gau names, the name also refers to a body of water, namely the Attersee.

The Old High German phase extends from around 500 to 1100. Place names ending in -ing (a little older) and -heim (a little younger) indicate that they were created during this period. The names with an ending in -ing come from housing estates from the period between 600 and 800. In the expansion phase between 800 and 1000, names ending in -heim were mainly created .

The Middle High German phase begins around 1000 . The second expansion phase is characterized by -dorf- , - berg- and -bach names. The third phase of the expansion is characterized by clearing names such as -reit- , -schlag- , and -eck -names. However, the many clearings led to a drop in the groundwater level. -reit- and -öd names correspond to each other in time.

In the time of Christianization, the following place names were mentioned for the first time: Steindorf , Ainwalchen and Kemating , all village settlements that are located in the vicinity of the main town Seewalchen am Attersee.

When Charlemagne deposed Duke Tassilo in 778 , all property also fell to the Franks, the Aterhofen domain (today's Attersee) becomes a Franconian crown property .

In 1007 King Heinrich II founded the Bamberg diocese and gave the Attergau, the area between northern Attersee and Mondseeland , to Bishop Eberhard zu Bamberg . The Attergau at that time comprised the lordships of Attersee / Kogl , Kammer and Frankenburg . The area essentially corresponded to today's Vöcklabruck district , with the exception of Mondseeland and the easternmost part of the district around Schwanenstadt . The three manors Kogl, Kammer and Frankenburg administered the Attergau.

In political terms, the Attergau belonged to the Duchy of Bavaria just like the heartland of today's Austria until 1156. The main town was Attersee. In 1264 the center was moved to St. Georgen (at that time still called Attergaudorf ). Kogl Castle was built later. Up until this point, the church tower served as a defense tower and the courts were held there. In 1380 the Attergau came into the possession of the Habsburgs and since then it has been part of the Archduchy of Austria .

In the revolution of 1848 the manors were dissolved and the administrations took their place. The political communities, the district and the jurisdiction as we know them today were established. The Attergau lost its importance as a sovereign territory, which subsequently led to various arbitrary interpretations of the Attergau area. In the tourism sector, the Attergau is divided into the Attersee and Attergau tourism regions - the Attersee area itself has been part of the Salzkammergut since the 1850s, but the (present-day) Attergau has only been part of the Salzkammergut since the 1950s. B. In the forest area, the name Attergau forests is still common today for the forests of the former manorial areas.

literature

  • Helmut Pachler: Berg - St. Georgen - Straß im Attergau - grazing lights and testimonies from 4000 years. Heimatverein Attergau 2006

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Attergau Tourism Association , atterwiki.at