Aumüli
| Aumüli | ||
|---|---|---|
| State : |
 Switzerland
|
|
| Canton : |
 Zurich (ZH)
|
|
| District : | Affoltern | |
| Political community : | Stallikon | |
| Postal code : | 8143 | |
| Coordinates : | 679 128 / 239 585 | |
| Height : | 578 m above sea level M. | |
 Aumüli with sawmill (left) and mill (under the stairs) |
||
| map | ||
|
||
Aumüli is a hamlet in the political municipality of Stallikon in the Affoltern district of the canton of Zurich in Switzerland . The hamlet is located at the southern foot of the Albis, east of Stallikon, between the hamlets of Gamlikon and Tägerst an der Reppisch .
Old Mill
The historic mill that gave the hamlet its name was listed as a historical monument in 1993 and, with its outbuildings, is included in the list of objects of cantonal and national importance worthy of protection. It is the only remaining stone mill including marital water rights , water wheel, mill chair and saw in the Affoltern district (Knonauer Amt, Säuliamt). The Federal Office of Culture took to the Aumüli end of 2012 inventory of estimable townscapes of Switzerland (roms) on.
The first Aumüli was probably built in the 9th century. It is considered one of the oldest mills in the canton of Zurich. It has been documented since 1328. She uses the water of the Reppisch. The double barn was built in 1852 in place of the old, small stable building in the style of the Bernese agricultural tradition, which was brought into the Säuliamt by the Bernese immigrants ( Minorat ) in the mid-19th century. It was provided with a high entrance in 1892. The immigrant Bernese Johann-Ulrich Weyermann acquired the Aumüli in 1872 with 24 hectares of land and 5.5 hectares of forest. In addition to the grain and timber trade, the Weyermanns were engaged in cattle farming, cart keeping and horse breeding. Until the 1970s, the Aumülischeune was shared by two families.
The Aumüli was the original mill for Stallikon, Wettswil , Bonstetten and Aeugst am Albis , the Aeugstertal including Obertal and the Buechenegg . She was connected to these places by direct paths. A cart path led through the mill property from Bonstetten to Langnau until the road was built in 1860.
In its heyday, the mill had two mill wheels for one or two grinders and a roller as well as a saw wheel for the sawmill. The roller coaster was used to peel the old grains such as spelled , emmer and einkorn . The preliminary mill, which was located just above possessed two waterwheels that a grinder, a grater ( hemp rub ) and two lining tamping ( barley pounding drives, etc.).
The foundation established in 1999 and the Pro Aumüli association have been renovating the neglected mill on an ongoing basis, mostly on a voluntary basis. The centuries-old headwater canal was renewed in 2007, including the Reppisch weir. The overshot water wheel drives after a break of 117 years, the grinders and the gang and allows the production of flour (spelled flour) and the sawing wood planks. In 2012 the Spycher, a two-storey block building, was restored and the distillery for the farm's own plum schnapps was refurbished.
Every year in May there is an open house (Mülitag). Milling courses for laypeople have been held since 2009 in order to ensure that the mill can run properly. In 2012, 42 events and guided tours were held for clubs, school classes and private individuals.
Aumüli Ensemble
Double barn from the northwest
Spycher
Sawmill
old millstone (runner stone) with cupboards / furrows and mill iron
Processing process at the Aumüli grain mill
Before 1892, the grain in the Aumüli was poured into the hopper on the upper level, after a processing step it slipped into the lower level and had to be carried up again and again. The processing steps of today's milling equipment take place on one level. This is why it needs four mechanical lifting devices ( continuous conveyors or elevators 1–4) that use the belt bucket elevator to bring the grain up for the next one after each processing step . The elevators are powered by water power. The rolling or tanning process is required for ancient grains whose husks have to be opened by rolling or tanning. The roller mill works like the grinding process with an upper, rotating rotor stone above the immovable floor stone. The runner has a central opening for receiving the husk grain. The wooden casing (frame) around the runner block prevents grains and husks ( chaff ) from falling on the floor.
- 1. The in Aufschütttrichter (Trimelle) poured Spelzgetreide is transported to a magnet over, the any metal parts is eliminated, and then passes in the elevator. 1
- 2. The elevator 1 directs the husked grain into the horizontal conveyor screw to the separator
- 3. In the separator , light dirt and dust are separated from the husk with air. Three different vibrating sieves sort out straw and ear parts so that only the standard husk grain sizes remain in circulation for the subsequent rubbing process. After this pre-cleaning, the "Hülsche" grain falls through a wooden channel, is collected by elevator 2 and fed into the screw conveyor above to the roller conveyor.
Hopper
Elevator 1 and horizontal screw conveyor
Belt bucket elevator (downwards)
separator
from left: Trimelle, Elevators, Separator (background), Rölle
- 4. The husking (tanning process) and cleaning of the husk grain (spelled, emmer, einkorn) takes place in the Röllmühle (Rölle, Relle). The rolling stones have a distance of approx. 6 mm and must be adjusted depending on the husk. The peeled kernels and the chaff slide together to the Rendel .
- 5. The chaff is separated from the grain by means of air in the drive belt-driven Rendel or rotary winnowing machine (other names are Röndle, Aspirator, Windfege, grain cleaning machine ). Fine dust and awns are blown into filter socks, which are emptied periodically. The chaff is bagged (filled into sacks) and the grains are transported to the elevator 3 through one to three vibrating screens. This transports the grains to the door via the horizontal screw conveyor.
- 6. While the grain is passing through the trieur (cell separator), any seeds must be extracted . Since seeds must not be peeled, they are removed with a pusher. The grain enters the peeling machine through a chute.
Röllmühle
Rendel
Trieur
from left: Trieur (above), peeling machine, grinding mechanism, mill chair (carrying grinding mechanism)
- 7. The peeling or brushing machine sorts the grains based on their size, type and shape. The gap between the grains is cleaned of dust and clinging shell particles and the grain surface is polished. The grain skin is excreted, and chicken wheat and ground cereal grains are bagged separately. A sack lift takes the sacks to the grinding stage.
- 8. In the horizontal grinding process , the runner and bottom stone are made of French freshwater quartz (champagne stones ). The rotor block is driven from below with a bevel gearbox. The vibrating shoe, driven by the «dance master» (five-stroke), ensures a continuous supply (feeding) of the milled grains. These get to the grinding path through the "sip" (conical entry around the eye of the runner stone). The grist (wholegrain intermediate product) is constantly checked for fineness during the grinding process when it runs out over the bottom stone. The finished stone-ground grist slides to the elevator 4, which conveys it to the separator.
- 9. The Freischwinger- plansifter (flat faces) operating mechanically according to the principle of the hand-dumped sieve. When the eight different fine sieves have passed through, semi-white flour , semolina and bran are bagged separately. The plansifter , invented in 1888 by Karl Jakob Haggenmacher in Winterthur , was exported worldwide.
Peeling machine
Grinding gear on mill chair, bevel gearbox below
Sip with a jogger and a rotating dance master
Plansifter
Cantilever plansifter
literature
- Anne-Marie Dubler : Millers and mills in the old state of Lucerne , legal, economic and social history of the Lucerne miller trade, 14th to 18th century. In: Lucerne Historical Publications 8. Lucerne 1978
Web links
- Official homepage of the Pro Aumüli Stallikon association
- Federal Council report on the remediation of residual water in historically valuable hydropower plants : based on the Hans Hofmann motion in connection with the Aumüli (PDF file; 83 kB)
- Millstone production by hand
- Aumüli in the “Einstein” program on Swiss television SRF on January 31, 2013: Old technology - new concepts: renaissance for the waterwheel
- NZZ on Sunday 10 May 2015: The miller's new pleasure
- Anzeiger des Affoltern district dated May 9, 2016: A museum for the Aumüli? [1]