Bahnhofstrasse (Cottbus)
The Bahnhofstrasse ( Lower Sorbian : Dwornišćwa droga ) is still one of the most important north-south connections from Cottbus . It extends between the railway bridge in the south and Berliner Strasse in the north.
history
After the first railway line went into operation in 1866, the southern part began to be developed as a connection between the station and the old town. At the end of the 1870s, the railway companies had their first buildings erected. The connection to Berliner Straße was completed in 1880. Initially, the bridging of the tracks at the southern end of Bahnhofstrasse consisted of ramps that were connected by two bridges. The station was between the tracks and was accessible via the middle ramp. In 1900/01 the bridges were renewed. Since 1903 the station could be reached by tram.
Bahnhofstrasse was one of the most elaborate streets in Cottbus, where the upper class settled. Due to the long-term development period, which extended over three decades, a large variety of architectural styles is represented in Bahnhofstrasse. This makes the Cottbus Bahnhofstrasse stand out from those of other cities, where the Bahnhofstrasse, as famous imperial roads, was mostly built on within a few years. After the station bridge was renewed in 1984 and Bahnhofstrasse was expanded into a multi-lane road, it was reduced to two lanes again in 2011/2012.
map
Architectural monuments in Bahnhofstrasse
The basis of the following list is the publication of the state monument list as of December 31, 2011 and the statutes for the protection of the monument area western urban expansion (1870-1914) around Bahnhofstrasse and Schillerplatz .
Signal box building
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The B23 signal box is a three-storey brick building parallel to the station bridge. It bears witness to the economic boom of the history of Cottbus' traffic and construction. The B23 with a hipped roof was built in 1903 by the Pabel company from Cottbus as the first electro-pneumatic switch and signal interlocking in Germany.
In 1920 the small clock tower was put on. The stair tower with a pyramid roof attached to the eastern side looks rather playful, but it adapts to the look of the building. An iron spiral staircase leads to the middle level, which housed staff and function rooms. On the third floor there were doors on both sides as access for the signal bridges, which were placed on steel supports. There were five hand-operated optical wing signals, two on the south side and three on the north side. Today these former entrances are visibly walled up. The heart of the facility was located in the interior of the third floor, which offers the required view over the station area. To this day, it still includes track barriers, point setting devices, signals for block systems and other railway safety technology.
In the course of modernization work, the mechanical wire pull lines were replaced by compressed air technology. The compressed air system was decommissioned in 1956 and replaced by an electrical switch and signal control. After 107 years, on November 19, 2010, the operation of the B23 and twelve other signal boxes at Cottbus train station were stopped. Since then, all switches and signals have been controlled by an ESTW . Today B23 is a listed building.
Bahnhofstrasse 1
The new five- story building at Bahnhofstrasse 1 was built as a compact corner building with a glass bay window. The bay divides the building into a left side of the facade (Berliner Straße) with four window axes and a right side of the facade (Bahnhofstraße) with only two window axes. The base of the semicircular building with the shops on the ground floor extends over the entire building in a smooth, plastered form.
The glass bay window begins above the entrance door on the ground floor and extends over all four floors to the flat roof. Mobilcom has rented a space to the left of the entrance area to the offices and apartments. The high and different width shop windows with window sills are two to four-part, the shop is accessed via the entrance area. The mint-colored ground floor is separated from the gray-colored first floor by a gray rectangular belt, the advertising of the company Mobilcom debitel was incorporated. The window fronts of the office rooms on the 1st floor are arranged as on the ground floor, but with smaller double windows with window sills. The 2nd to 4th floors with the rental apartments, which are set off in light gray in color, begin over a dark color strip with window fronts that are identical on each floor but different from those on the 1st floor. Large balcony windows with parapet-high screens provide plenty of light in the living rooms. The three-part angular glass bay window, each with a side window, is an eye-catcher. There are also shop windows on the ground floor on the right-hand side of the building. A three- and four-part window with window sills and blinds on the 1st floor differs from the arrangement of the windows on the floors above. The previous building, a two-story corner building on Berliner Strasse, with a large Lehniger butcher's shop, was built in 1880. In 1883, the first tenants moved into the four-story apartment building at Bahnhofstrasse 1. The owner of the house was the master butcher Lehninger. Before the First World War , a shop for the master electrician Hering was built in the apartment building. The business continued to operate after 1945. At the end of 1960, the intersection was expanded and converted into a traffic junction, and the buildings in the area of the intersection were demolished. It was only after 1990 that the two new buildings with house numbers 1 and 2 were built in the area of Bahnhofstrasse and the corner of Berliner Strasse.
Bahnhofstrasse 2
Ten manor owners in the area bought the building land at Bahnhofstrasse 2 , who became the Cottbuser Molkerei e. G. merged. In 1883/84 a building with sales rooms, offices and apartments was built on Bahnhofstrasse and a courtyard entrance to the dairy site. Until 1930, milk was bought and delivered or processed by farmers in the surrounding area. After the Engelhardt brewery, the Netzker family with a specialty dairy products shop became the owners of the building before 1935. After the war, the Netzkers' vehicle fleet was also used by post and consumer goods. In 1959 the private entrepreneurs gave up Netzker. Until 1989 the business premises were used in a variety of ways, then the buildings in the intersection area were blown up to expand the street. The street corner was not rebuilt until the mid-1990s and the current building at Bahnhofstrasse 2 was a new building. Access to the apartments is from the street side. Two modern shops with large shop windows were built on the ground floor of the smoothly plastered four-story building. The shops are currently rented to a driving school and insurance company. The larger shop with two viewing windows has a central entrance door within the three-part window. The entrance to the insurance company can be reached on the right via an entrance door within the large three-part shop window. The second shop was rented to a copy shop and is currently empty. Here, too, the entrance door is in the middle of the large, three-part shop window front. Color-contrasting vertical plaster blocks separate the ground floor from the first floor, interrupted by a flat risalit. The risalit extends beyond the flat roof. The tall, narrow windows with a facing belong to the stairwell. The design of the window fronts in the offices on the first floor differ significantly from the two upper floors. The eastern view of the building is interesting. The sloping facade with the flat roof can be clearly seen in the side view. The two upper floors are indented and modern with large balcony fronts. On the 3rd floor, the continuous balcony front is interrupted by a sloping roof front with windows. An underground car park was built in the middle of the backyard.
Bahnhofstrasse 4
The two-storey house stood on the left on the property of today's town hall (Erich-Kästner-Platz 1), the former Evangelical parish hall (Bahnhofstrasse 5). It was probably also built around 1880 when the northern section of Bahnhofstrasse was being expanded. The owner of the house was the Berg family of teachers, well known in Cottbus at the time. Most recently the sisters Flora, Käthe and Marie Berg lived in the house. Käthe Berg taught in Cottbus until after 1945. After the death of the Berg sisters, who had no heirs, the city of Cottbus took over the house. In 1985 the city housed its city archives in the house. The city archive and the building deteriorated quickly. Nothing could be done about the scandalous condition of the house; it had to be demolished after 1990. This is how today's large open space was created in front of the town hall, Bahnhofstrasse 4 as an address no longer exists.
Bahnhofstrasse 5 / Erich-Kästner-Platz 1
The property with the current address Erich-Kästner-Platz 1 and the building of the Cottbus town hall in what was then Bahnhofstrasse 5 was acquired by the Protestant upper and monastery church community before the First World War. A building for various Christian association events was planned for the parish in Cottbus. In November 1913, the construction of a Protestant parish house based on designs by the Berlin architect Erich Blunck with the participation of Cottbus architects began in the rear of the former Feldstrasse. A free-standing brick building with a pitched roof was created. In the middle of the front, the elaborately designed double door immediately catches the eye. The mosaic medallion with the cross is incorporated in the pediment. From the outside, one can hardly assume a large ballroom for around 500 people with a stage and gallery. Above the stage you can still admire paintings of two deer at a fountain and read psalm quotations.
The First World War ruined the plans for use, the building was available as a hospital. The Protestant community worked in the building until 1939, but shortly after the start of the Second World War the rooms were used again as a military hospital, and after 1945 a detention hospital was housed in the building. The Christian teaching was allowed to take place in the gymnasium of the meeting house after it was banned from schools. After 1950 the police hospital moved in. At some point the building must have passed from the church to the property of the city. It was used by various youth institutions, so the “Station for Young Technicians and Natural Scientists” and the “Museum for Nature and Environment” were active in the rooms. The taxidermist at the museum liked to let the Young Pioneers look over his shoulder while he was working. At the end of the 1990s, the exterior facade of the listed building was restored. After the house had been empty for a long time, it was extensively restored and rebuilt inside in 2011/2012. In December 2012, the city council moved into the new town house, which also houses the registry office
Bahnhofstrasse 6-7 / Erich-Kästner-Platz
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On today's city maps, Cottbus residents or their visitors can no longer find Bahnhofstrasse 6/7 , but Erich-Kästner-Platz. On June 1, 2011, the Erich-Kästner-Platz was inaugurated with the new building of the children's and youth theater. It is located between the employment office and the town hall directly on Bahnhofstrasse. Including the centrally located former district heating station, which was surrounded by adjacent fallow land, a modern children's and youth theater was built on the site. This closes the gap on the property, houses number 6 and 7 are forever history. The children's and youth theater was built from September 2009 to February 2011 for around € 5.8 million; it houses the rainbow puppet stage, the Piccolo dance theater and the Cottbus youth dance theater with rehearsal and practice rooms. In addition, the "Heckentheater", a small open-air theater, is to continue the tradition of summer theater in Cottbus. Hardly any old Cottbuser can remember the two old houses in Bahnhofstrasse 6 and 7. When the northern part of today's Bahnhofstrasse was not yet developed, there was still undeveloped area and the unpaved old Feldstrasse at this height. The properties at Berliner Platz 1 and 2 (owned by Otto Grünenthal's widow) stretched along the length of what was then Feldstrasse (rear property boundary). Towards the end of 1870 Paul Goldstein bought the large property from Berliner Platz to Feldstrasse and in 1875 took over the Franz Dehnicke forwarding company. This marked the beginning of the eventful and interesting history of the property, the two houses and the Jewish Goldstein family. After 1840 Joseph Goldstein, son of Samuel Goldstein from Sandow, requested the city of Cottbus to be allowed to settle in the city. He referred to his Prussian citizenship and his wife's assets and applied for a driving license as a cloth merchant. He received approval and moved to Cottbus. His youngest son Paul married wealthy, bought the large property from Berliner Strasse to Feldstrasse and joined the Dehnicke forwarding company. At the end of 1880 he had a house built for his family on the secluded rear part of the large property. After the expansion of the northern part of Bahnhofstrasse, the house was now directly on the street and was given house number 7. The eldest son Richard took over the father’s business and a second house was built for the growing family, Bahnhofstrasse 6. In the middle part of the large Goldstein area there were commercial buildings, warehouses and enough space for the horse-drawn carts. Richard Goldstein's children emigrated to Palestine before the Hitler dictatorship. Richard Goldstein came into the Nazi mill in 1936, allegedly for foreign currency offenses. The Nazis wanted the entire property and property of the Goldsteins. With the "Housing Settlement Act" after 1933 the "sale" was enforced. The family lost their right of residence and were not allowed to freely dispose of the proceeds from the property. In 1941 the family was stripped of their German citizenship, the Nazis had achieved their goal. Richard Goldstein died in an internment camp in Italy on January 10, 1943, while he was waiting for his permit to enter Palestine. His wife Else Goldstein arrives in Palestine after two years of wandering.
From 1939 to 1945 the houses belonged to the Hitler dictatorship, after the war resettlers and refugees lived in the houses. Around 1960 both residential buildings were demolished, Bahnhofstrasse was to be wider and the area at the intersection with Berliner Strasse was to be expanded. Parts of the property remained undeveloped and until 2009 were a “wild parking lot” and an eyesore on Bahnhofstrasse.
Bahnhofstrasse 10
Today's new building, the building of the employment agency, was opened in 2003 and was built on historical ground. When the monument protection for the cellar vault was lifted in 1998 in order to enable the demolition of this new building, there was angry protest from Cottbus citizens. However for free…. This property (formerly Bismarckstrasse, later Bebelstrasse 89-92) was used more widely than any other in Cottbus: it was a brewery, beer publisher, car dealership, car repair shop and gas station, air raid shelter, telecommunications construction office, banana cellar and scene bar. Before the First World War, around 1880, the property belonged to a brewery. Beer was brewed successfully in Cottbus as early as the Middle Ages and after 1860 the brewing community in Taubenstraße was active. After its reorganization, the Brewing Association was established in 1869. In the basement of what was then Bismarckstrasse, beer was first brewed and stored, later only stored. In addition to the wheat beer, the Köstritzer black beer, "medically recommended for women who have recently given birth, convalescents and anemic people", was very popular. After the First World War, probably around 1922, the area was used by Niederlausitzer Automobil AG. Cars were sold, repaired and stored in 30 rental garages, already with electric lights, on an area of 6,000 m². A 20,000 liter tank system completed the offers on this property, as well as a welding shop, a forge and a plumbing shop. During the Second World War , the cellar vaults were released for the residents of Bahnhofstrasse as an air raid shelter. Many residents survived the air raid on February 13, 1945 in the cellars. In 1953, the ruins were used by the Post as a telecommunications office. From 1960, the Cottbus telecommunications construction office was housed there. Even after the fall of the Wall there were Telekom and Deutsche Post offices there. Before 1989 people from Cottbus used to whisper about the "banana cellar". Bananas and other tropical fruits were stored in the cellar vaults, which supposedly not only disappeared in the fruit and vegetable shops. In August 1995 the legendary club "BEBEL" was founded in the listed cellar vault. From then on, parties and concerts took place in the great ambience, whether jazz, soul, funk, hip-hop, rock, everything was offered and the Cottbus music and nightlife was enormously enriched. When the city's monument protection was lifted in 1998 in favor of a new building, many BEBEL fans were outraged. Another place would certainly have been possible for the employment office, but all protests came to nothing. The wrecking ball flattened everything and the cellar vaults disappeared forever. Since 2003, the employment agency and the Cottbus job center have had their headquarters at Bahnhofstrasse 10 . A new building that initially didn't fit so well into the image of the Wilhelminian style villas on Bahnhofstrasse, but to which one has got used to. Other new buildings have since followed, such as the children's and youth theater or the former brewery.
Bahnhofstrasse 11 - Higher Citizens School
The three-storey brick building at Bahnhofstrasse 11 with a steep mansard roof consists of a corner building with two wings, the central building consists of three corner axes with adjoining risalits . These three corner axes are accentuated on the second floor by arched windows in the auditorium and an attic. The central entrance is reached through three high arcades. Also worth mentioning is the internal, central multi-flight staircase, which can be used to reach the south and east wings. At the gable of the east wing there is another two-flight staircase. The design of the building also stands out from the school buildings of that time through details such as sandstone and terracotta elements.
In 1890 the "Bismarck School" was opened as a high school for boys. Four years later, the gym was built at the southern end of the schoolyard. One year before it became a secondary school, the south wing was expanded by three axes and the gymnasium was expanded in 1912. At the instigation of the school management, the name was changed to “Adolf Hitler School” in 1933.
A city kitchen was operated in the cellar from the 1930s. During the Second World War , the offices and readiness of the German Red Cross were also located in this building. After the war it was used by the Soviet military. In 1950, the school was resumed as the 7th and 12th Polytechnic High School (later "Anton Makarenko School" and "Juri Gagarin School"). During the renovation in 1988/90, the original interior was lost. Only the stairwells with granite steps, the wrought iron railings and the wooden doors on the ground floor have been preserved. The lancet fence on the west side of the school yard has also been preserved. In the mid-1990s, the gym was expanded to include a modern gym and the outdoor facilities were redesigned with sports facilities for taking breaks and leisure time. A modern kitchen was also set up in the old school building.
In 1999 it was renamed “Paul Werner Comprehensive School”. This honored the services of the former mayor (1892-1914) for the city of Cottbus. The poor condition of the building made extensive renovation necessary again in 2006. The festive reopening of the school after two years of construction took place at the beginning of the 2008 school year.
Bahnhofstrasse 14 & 15
The villas in Bahnhofstrasse 14/15 were built around 1880, when the northern section of Bahnhofstrasse was expanded to Berliner Strasse. Around 1892 the main tax office of the Prussian treasury was located at Bahnhofstrasse 14, and in 1910 the Prussian main customs office.
After dry rot had spread in the masonry for many years, house number 14 had to be demolished. The building at Bahnhofstrasse 15 was a medical center around the turn of the 19th century. Two doctors from the hospital lived here, the owner Dr. Paul Frick and Dr. Reinhold Kruger. At the end of 1920 the house was bought by the co-owner of the Burk & Braun chocolate factory, the manufacturer Heinrich Burk. After the end of the Second World War, the Russian city commandant assigned the house to the old communist Max Döring as his official residence. Max Döring was the first Lord Mayor of Cottbus after the war. In the following years, various companies and institutions such as B. the Society for "German-Soviet Friendship" and the SED-Kulturbund their offices. After 1989 the district board of the Kulturbund e. V. and the “Carl Blechen Club” with its club restaurant rented the house.
The facade of the two-storey city villa is subdivided, each axis has a different depth. Square pilaster strips frame the individual axes. The raised basement is provided with a rough plaster block and separated from the ground floor by a base cornice. The windows on the ground floor have an aedicular frame and are connected to one another by a continuous cornice. The semicircular windows on the upper floor are grouped together and accompanied by pilasters . A sill cornice and a cornice connecting the roofs of the windows frame the upper floor. The end of the facade is formed by a protruding eaves cornice under a flat roof. The entrance door, set far back in the fourth axis, also has an aedicular frame.
The house at Bahnhofstrasse 15 is empty today. In October 2000, the brewery was added as a new building on the property at Bahnhofstrasse 14 directly to the wall at Bahnhofstrasse 15. The Landeskronbrauerei Görlitz as the operator and the Cottbuser Stadtwerke as the owner wanted to bring the old art of beer construction of Cottbus closer to the citizens and guests of the city of Cottbus.
A concept that failed after 2004 when the brewery sold its shares. Today the brewery and its restaurant are closed. The buildings are protected by statutes.
Bahnhofstrasse 16
Bahnhofstrasse 16 is part of the block perimeter development, which is interrupted to the north, on the east side of Bahnhofstrasse, between August-Bebel-Strasse and Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse . The facade and courtyard side of the four-story solid building with the four window axes is plastered. The tenement house was built in 1885/86 for the rentier (financier) Mr. Hemprich. The base with the three cellar windows is separated from the square ground floor by a cornice. The built-in cassette door on the left interrupts the plaster band between the ground floor and the base. The different colored design underlines the vertical floor plan. The very dark paint on the plinth changes into a significantly lighter color in the area of the ground floor. The three upper floors stand out in the color design of the plinth and ground floor. The windows are enclosed by a recessed frame, on the 1st floor the central windows are decorated with triangular roofs, which in turn stand out in color. Above the outer windows, rosettes in the color of the ornamental roof decorate the house front. The eye-catcher in the area of the facade is a colored frieze, a flat fleuron , between the 2nd floor and the flatter mezzanine floor, over the entire width of the house. A widely projecting eaves cornice under a flat roof forms the end of the facade. Until 1893, the house was listed in the old address books under Bahnhofstrasse 18; merchants, senior teachers, civil servants, but also simple seamstresses lived there. The house has been rebuilt and renovated many times. As a result, all external decorative elements of the Wilhelminian era have been lost, and the shape of the Renaissance has been greatly distorted by the extensive removal of the facade decoration.
Bahnhofstrasse 17
In the western city center of Cottbus, between August-Bebel-Straße and Karl-Liebknecht-Straße, there is the rental and commercial building with the current address Bahnhofstraße 17 , until 1893 it was Bahnhofstraße 18a. The building is part of the perimeter block development on the east side of Bahnhofstrasse. It was built as a tenement house in 1885/86. The building owner and first owner of the house was the rentier (financier) Mr. Hemprich. The four-storey building extends over four axes. On the ground floor there is a modern shop fitting with two large shop windows and a central shop door. Next to the shop window is a two-winged antique wooden entrance door with a glass insert on top that leads to the living area. The facade is structured by a square plaster band on the ground floor, a cornice between the ground floor and the upper floors, as well as cornice roofing over the windows and color-contrasting window frames. There are 4 cross windows throughout on the 1st and 2nd floors. On the 3rd floor, the flat mezzanine floor, 4 undivided, square windows were installed. The house consists of a front building and an invisible left side wing in the courtyard. The solid construction is plastered towards Bahnhofstrasse, the clinker bricks are visible in the courtyard area. A flat roof adjoins the projecting eaves cornice. The roof and the facade were renovated in 1984/85, the ceramic wall cladding in the base area was removed and the old plaster was removed. The belt and eaves cornice and the window sashes have also been repaired. The original Renaissance style of the building has been distorted by the reduction of the facade decoration and the large, disproportionate-looking shop fitting.
Bahnhofstrasse 18
This house was built as a rental residence around 1910 by master mason Josef Babel, who was co-owner of the construction business Hermann Pabel & Co. at Kaiser-Friedrich-Straße 4.
This house is a plastered building with a mansard roof . In the architecture of this building, the influences of the late Art Nouveau and the simple neo-classical direction are reflected. The façades are dominated by the increased central risalit , ending in a stepped pyramid roof. The porches and balconies that connect to the central projectile are clearly visible in the facade. The first tenant of the house was Dr. Hans Michaelis, a surgeon and gynecologist, head and owner of the private clinic in Schwanstrasse 8. In mid-1920, the commercial building supervision office for the urban district of Cottbus and the district of Calau also rented a place.
Around 1930 the veterinarian Dr. Wilhelm Schmidt enters the business premises of the house. Johanna Babel, the master mason's widow, owned the house in 1940. At this time, Ludwig Strödecke and his dental laboratory are also mentioned as a tenant.
The formerly large apartments are currently home to business premises for lawyers, tax advisors and auditors.
Bahnhofstrasse 19
The house is a plastered building with a gable roof . The facade is highlighted by a raised entrance project , which ends with a stepped pyramid roof. On the right, a balcony connects to the entrance project. The facade is structured by the plastic formation of the ribbon windows, which form oriels on the upper floors . The decor-free outer walls, which are only interrupted by the color accentuation by the brick plinth and the wooden shingles in the upper window bay, are striking. The back of the house is lime-sandstone and has several arbors.
The renowned architects Schilling & Graebner , who mainly specialized in modern church buildings, made a name for themselves with this building design. By implementing the reform architecture in contrast to the then prevailing Art Nouveau and the mixed styles of historicism, Schilling & Gräbner showed themselves to be progressive with this design.
Bahnhofstrasse 20
The house was built in 1896. The first owner of the apartment building was the notary and lawyer Franz Nickse. Around 1910 lawyer Dr. Robert Hahn took over the house and set up his office there. At the beginning of 1930, lawyer and notary Dr. Johanes Krause added as a partner. Around 1948 the house served as the seat of the district court. In the following years the National Democratic Party (NDPD), followed by the Federation of Free Democrats (BFD-Die Liberalen), tenants.
The house is currently used as a tenement house. It also serves as a seminar center for palliative medicine.
The facade of the building lives from the color design and the rich decorations on the side risalit . The basement is covered with gray plaster blocks. The barred cellar windows are crowned by conical keystones that connect to the base cornice. The front door from the construction period is framed by an aedicular frame with a pointed roof. The ground floor has semicircular windows with console-supported sills, gray bezels with keystones and rosettes, while the rectangular windows on the upper floor have a pointed roofing decorated with palmettes. A strong cornice separates the two floors. A gable towers over the interlocking eaves cornice in the fifth axis . The side elevation with square pilaster strips has a large stone cross window on the ground floor and a combination of loggia and balcony with an elaborately designed frame on the upper floor. The end of the risalit is formed by a curved gable with two combined semicircular windows, which is accompanied by two decorative turrets.
Bahnhofstrasse 21
This apartment building was built around 1890. The Cottbus address book from 1892 named the malt manufacturer Theodor Gustav Melde as the owner of this house. Mainly employees of the Melde malt factory lived in the house. In 1910 Konrad Tiede was listed as the house owner, but his profession is unknown. A few years later, medical doctor Dr. Paul Hossenfelder took over the house and set up his practice here, which he ran until the beginning of 1920. After the death of Dr. Hossenfelder is listed as the house owner by his widow Else. During the GDR era, the Eastern CDU block party rented a room here. UWS Cottbus Steuerberatungsgesellschaft mbH currently has its offices in the building.
The facade is divided strictly symmetrical and is formed by a raised center risalit with Dreiecksverdachung and a legacy emphasized. The horizontal structure is taken over by a base and a belt cornice. Pilasters seem to support the exit between the windows of the balcony . All windows wear a color on the sill below the window surrounds tuned plaster mirror. The windows on the upper floor also have a simple roof. The door and the two arched windows flanking it in the risalit are combined by a slight protrusion of the masonry.
Bahnhofstrasse 22 / Rudolf-Breitscheid-Strasse 12
The corner property at Bahnhofstrasse / Rudolf-Breitscheid-Strasse was used as a larger garden until 1935. The Kreissparkasse bought the site and had a new building built. In 1937 the simple building made of plastered brickwork was inaugurated. The house is a functional building and, in addition to the office and cashier rooms, had an apartment for the caretaker at the time, Johannes Man. The Stadtsparkasse took over the premises in the Bahnhofstrasse in 1950 and from then on the district and Stadtsparkasse worked together until 1997. The new branch opened on Brandenburger Platz. In 1983 Cottbus’s first ATM was installed in this building.
The front of the two-storey building faces Bahnhofstrasse, and the company logo is located above the large glazed entrance portal. The plaster is grooved horizontally on the base, as if it were made of large-format natural stones. To the left of the main entrance there are two entrance doors. The outer door leads to the administration wing and the second door leads to the machine room. The counter and customer room on the 1st floor can be reached via a large staircase from the entrance area. Until the end of 2012, the Sparkasse's credit department was based in this building. The exhibition rooms of the Cottbus City Museum have been located in the building since December 2014.
Bahnhofstrasse 24
The two-story, according to plans by Paul Frey transition and Ewald Schulz built building with hipped and gabled roof and two side projections boasts a finely structured facade in the style of the German Renaissance. The special attraction lies in the color change of orange-yellow clinker bricks and dark red sandstone. The richly decorated facade and the elaborate roof design make this representative administration building an excellent example of the neo-renaissance in Cottbus. The entrance to the courtyard is located on the side of the main floor on the left and is decorated with pilasters and cartouches . Above it extends a wide balcony resting on consoles . The meeting room of the district council was located on the upper floor behind three large arched windows with leaded glazing. The central part of the attic is crowned with an ornamental gable.
The concluding hipped roof has a ridge turret , on the top of which the Brandenburg eagle was formerly a weather vane. In the middle of the building is the main entrance with a rich portal frame. The portico was once surrounded by front gardens with forged fences. The main part of the building is closed off by a gable roof with dormers . The middle, larger dormer, which resembles a turret, used to contain a clock. The right risalit is characterized by a large loggia and the triangular gable. The district administrator's private rooms and reception room were located here. In the courtyard is a two-storey outbuilding that was used as a stable and a coachman's apartment. The facade of the first floor is characterized by polychrome brick decorative associations. The upper floor is designed as a half-timbered building with a wide roof overhang.
The roof overhang consists of sawn decorative elements in the Swiss style . Until the end of the First World War, the building was the seat of the district administrator and the district estates. The Kreissparkasse was also housed here from 1892 to 1908. After 1945 the SED district leadership was based in the building. In 1990 the employment office moved into the premises for a few years. In 2001, extensive restoration and renovation work began with the aim of using the building as an office building.
Bahnhofstrasse 25
The tenement house was built in 1893/94 as part of the perimeter block development on the northernmost corner of Bahnhofstrasse / Rudolf-Breitscheid-Strasse in the western inner city of Cottbus. Due to the stylistic diversity in the well-preserved facade, this city villa is of particular urban significance, especially since the historical buildings in the area are closed. The architectural style presents a mixture of elements of neo-renaissance and neo-baroque. The two-story building with a basement and attic has three window axes. The facade of the building is characterized by a right side risalit and a central trapezoidal porch. The arched windows are arranged in pairs in the high basement. There is a wide arched window in the porch. All windows in the base area are covered with decorative grilles. A continuous belt cornice is attached to the base. Under the windows on the 1st floor, parapet fields were worked into the plaster. Large arched windows are installed on both sides of the porch. In the parapet of these two windows there are two consoles that support the sill. The parapet in the porch is richly decorated. The windows are in wide cleaning flasks that are accented with a mask keystone. The cross windows in the porch are square and simple. A wide decorative frieze above the window in the bay-like porch opens into a protruding cover under the arbor . On the 2nd floor, the porch opens into this arbor , which is enclosed with a simple grille. In addition to the two simple windows, there is a large decorative window in the side risalit . The risalit ends in a curved gable in the roof area. The gable is distinctively formed by volutes and corner brackets, a small double window with a keystone in the frame is located at roof height. The Berlin roof begins with a yellow beaver tail covering over a profiled eaves cornice. In the southern facade, in a central projectile, is the entrance portal from the building period, adorned with a roof, lanterns and a curved gable . The triangular oriel on the 1st floor, plastered in the shape of a dome, is also an eye-catcher. The city villa was built before the First World War and, despite the occasional reduction in plaster, has a well-preserved facade as a whole. Until the First World War the building was owned by Luise Niemer, widow of a wealthy Cottbus tobacco manufacturer. The villa, in which an individual and particularly representative construction was emphasized, documents the money and power of the aspiring bourgeoisie. From 1926 to 1942 it was owned by Niederlausitzer Überlandzentrale GmbH, later companies and doctors rented the building. After the Second World War, the owner was expropriated and various state institutions changed in the house until it became the private property of the SED in 1966. In 1990 the trust took over the building and an investor is being sought.
Bahnhofstrasse 27
This held in Nouveau representative apartment building has an exceptionally large obtained during construction substance, which reflects the cooking living culture of the turn of the century in the generous flat blanks with servants wells and the upscale amenities. On the north side there is a passage to the courtyard with a construction-time entrance gate and the main entrance as well as a servants' staircase designed as a stair tower. The middle risalit terminating with an exit is on the street side, it is flanked on the left by an arbor and balcony with lattice closures. In the roof area, the central projection is continued as a gable.
Art Nouveau decor in the form of curved cornices and stylized panicle motifs can be found on windows and on the gable. The interior also has an Art Nouveau style. Here you can find decorative details in the stairwell, on the doors and on the stucco ceilings.
Bahnhofstrasse 28
In 1901/1902 this apartment building was built in Art Nouveau style. It is part of a block perimeter development interrupted to the south on the east side of Bahnhofstrasse between Rudolf-Breitscheid-Strasse and Adolph-Kolping-Strasse. The building owner and first owner was the architecture and construction company Dümpert & Haucke.
This symmetrical-looking building with an entrance project on the right has two main floors in addition to the ground floor and top floor. In the entrance area, the windows of the staircase area above the entrance are designed in very different shapes, all with a frame. The entrance project leads into a simple two-tier gable.
The central, three-window-wide porch, which merges into a staggered gable, is striking and creates symmetry. In the gable, two smaller cross windows indicate a mansard apartment. Visually, the gable divides the mansard roof symmetrically, on the right and left a modern three-part window front provides light in the attic apartment.
Due to the different window sizes, a vertical subdivision is achieved in the facade. On the ground floor, which is lighter in color, segmented arched windows of different sizes are installed between the cornice and the cornice. The cross windows on the 1st floor are larger than on the 2nd floor. Due to the sturdy porch in the middle area, the apartments on the ground floor and the first floor have a bay window. The bay window set back on the 2nd floor was closed with sheet metal across the width of the three window axes.
The house was renovated in 1990. The building has been significantly changed due to the extensive reduction in the facade decoration. Only the basic forms such as gable, porch and individual structural elements still give an idea of the historical model.
Bahnhofstrasse 31
This building was built in 1905/06 by the master carpenter Hermann Wust as a tenement house. This building is part of the perimeter block development on the east side of Bahnhofstraße between Adolph-Kolping-Straße and Marienstraße. It is a four-storey building with a central bay window and gable. On the ground floor, the original shop window frames can still be seen with modern window fittings. The facade structure typical of the time is accentuated slightly asymmetrically by two side balconies. The middle bay is closed by a gable. The few decorative forms still preserved are shown in the flat relief or in individual forms such as the omega frame of the gable window under the influence of Art Nouveau. The window frames on the 1st and 2nd floors are still decorated with small pieces. The 3rd floor is set off with a cornice. In the central risalit there are two segmented arched windows with a keystone and a wide, overlapping frame with a surrounding lintel cornice and a balcony under the gable. The curved gable is provided with a double blind arch frame of the arched window. There is a dormer on each side of the roof. The floor plan of this building shows a rectangular vestibule with a right wing and an adjoining crossbar to close off the courtyard. On the left side of the house there is a large passage to the courtyard, at the same time the staircase with saddled wooden steps and wooden railing made of profile bars is located in this passage on the right. The apartment doors were originally provided with curved panels and tree decorations. This building suffered considerable damage in the air raid on February 15, 1945, but was rebuilt after the war. To this day, this house has often been renovated and redesigned in color.
Bahnhofstrasse 32
This tenement house was built in 1909/10 for the master carpenter Hermann Wust, he was also entered as the first owner in the address books. The building is part of the perimeter block development on the east side of Bahnhofstraße between Adolph-Kolping-Straße and Marienstraße. A left side wing in the courtyard is attached to the floor plan of the rectangular front building. The plastered solid building has four floors, plus a basement and a mezzanine floor under the flat roof. Above the base of the basement, the ground floor connects to the left of the door with a narrow wooden door and a narrow arched window. Both outer axes have two arched windows arranged in pairs. The two upper floors are accentuated by the strong central bay window. On both floors, four narrow, upright rectangular windows framed in pairs form the bay window. The side windows in the bay window are also narrow. but not that high. On the 1st and 2nd floors, next to the central bay window, there is a loggia on both sides of each floor with a rectangular cross window and an access door. The bay window and the parapets of the loggia on the 1st floor are supported by consoles. The third floor is set apart from the two main floors by the color scheme. The four cross windows are simply arranged and framed in pairs on each window axis. Above it, framed by two unadorned cornices, a mezzanine floor with four small square cross windows has been created. A wide plaster strip is located below the overhanging eaves zone and the flat roof. The house was damaged in the air raid in 1945. In 1952, when the house was rebuilt, the design elements from the time it was built, the mezzanine floor and the window shapes were restored in a manner typical of the time. In 1982 floor heating was installed and the roof was repaired at the same time. The building is currently vacant and needs to be renovated and restored.
Bahnhofstrasse 34 to 36
At the end of the second. During the World War, Bahnhofstrasse 34 to 36 was also destroyed by bombs. After the war, in 1955, these residential buildings were closed. Buildings 34 and 36 were identical. The "middle house" had more square meters per apartment unit, which was recognizable by the number of windows on the front and back of the building. The houses were renovated.
Nos. 34 and 35 were mainly occupied by employees of the Reichsbahn when they first moved in, and No. 36 with a mixed occupancy.
The popular resident of No. 36 was the pop singer Günther Geißler (1929–2006).
Bahnhofstrasse 38
The corner building , built in 1890, was a residential building for 15 tenants with a restaurant on the ground floor, owned by Wilhelm Kulka. In 1904 the rental apartments were converted and hotel rooms were created. Richard and Robert Spörke opened the “Berliner Hof” hotel. Old postcards initially show the hotel two floors lower, so to accommodate more guests, an increase was made. In 1910 Otto Wegrad bought the hotel. The only apartments were reserved for the head waiter, the waiter and the cook. The hotel was not spared from the air raid on Cottbus in February 1945. Where the station bridge now covers the lower floor of the building, there used to be a wide confluence with Blechenstrasse. Passers-by who came over the station ramp at the time preferred to use the west side of the street to get to or from Bahnhofstrasse. In the 1950s the building was repaired and handed over to the Reichsbahn authorities, at that time there was no need for hotels. During the GDR era, the building housed the offices of the building archive and the management of the building division of the Reichsbahndirektion. Only the Mitropa restaurant on the ground floor kept the name “Berliner Hof”. Until 1996, the house was owned by the railway and was most recently part of the “Bundeseisenbahn” special property. The house was empty for a long time, in 2012 the Cottbus building management company acquired the property. The old hotel building was demolished in 2013. As a result of a tender among architects, a modern residential building will be built in 2014 that closes the gap.
Bahnhofstrasse 39
The kiosk was built in 1919 as a sales pavilion for the Burk & Braun chocolate factory. The small sales kiosk was originally located on Kaiser-Friedrich-Strasse (Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse) across from the Alvensleben barracks.
This small pavilion impressed with the four entrance columns, the large curved gable with a crab coat of arms and the curved mansard roof covered with tiles. Before this house became public property, it said “Burkbraunhaus” on the gable; it wasn't until 1946 that “Fast Food” could be read on the gable. The entrance at ground level was set back and held and covered by the four pillars. Glazed doors set in wood shaped the character of the sales pavilion. The house was kept in ocher and red-brown tones.
Before the war, the little shop was equipped with glittering showcases. Burk & Braun's confectionery and chocolate were sold over counters made of fine woods. Travelers took sweet souvenirs or souvenirs from Cottbus with them. There were hundreds of chocolates like for example in the 1930s radium chocolate , the radium was added.
In 1940 the kiosk was given number 39. In 1946 the house became public property and served for many years as a snack stand for the nationally owned trade organization (HO).
In the 1950s, the wide range of food and drink options was quite amazing. The snack bar was open from early in the morning to in the evening. The little shop had a large sales counter and a few small wall tables by the windows. The light wood and glass building was not insulated, even when the stove was almost glowing in winter, and sometimes the bottles froze when it was very cold. Coals and goods were stored in the cellar; there was a steep, narrow spiral staircase. In addition to the hot, tasty sausage with rolls, there was also fish rolls, milk, pralines, chocolate and spirits.
On behalf of HO, the kiosk was last embellished in the early 1980s by the painting company Günter Resag in the original shades of ocher and red-brown in the interior and exterior.
In the course of the new construction of the station bridge, the gem was torn down in the mid-1980s.
Bahnhofstrasse 41
This elaborately designed two-storey villa had the Royal Prussian Railway Directorate Halle , which was responsible for Cottbus, built in 1907/1908 as an administration building. Later, the presidents of the Reichsbahndirektion Cottbus , founded in 1945, lived in it, which is why the Cottbus people still call it the “Presidential Villa” today. The property has now been acquired by a private investor. The free-standing building is located on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between the tracks and Wilhelm-Külz-Strasse. The asymmetrical building with projections and recesses on all sides, a basement and various roof structures, such as a combination of hip, gable and conical roof, is an eye-catcher on Bahnhofstrasse.
On the front, on the right, the viewer is presented with a wide protruding rounded side projection with a bricked-up tail gable that interrupts the conical roof. The group of windows in the gable area consists of four tall rectangular windows, including originally a balcony, the ornamental grilles in the middle are only decoration. To the right and left of the otherwise windowless center there is a group of three windows on each of the two floors within the rounded sides of the risalit. To the left of the risalit, within the three window axes, the central, roofed entrance door is integrated. It can be reached via a two-step stone staircase with a curved railing. Two wide lattice windows are installed on the ground floor next to the entrance door. Above on the 1st floor the windows extend over all three axes.
A distinctive rectangular porch on the south side of the building ends in a triangular gable made of ornamental framework. The different window shapes vary depending on the floor: two recessed arched windows on the high ground floor, two large lattice windows on the first floor and a narrow, rectangular window in the gable. A gable roof over a protruding eaves area completes the gable.
The north side of the facade, which is barely visible through the trees, was structured by several projections and recesses. The specially roofed semicircular porch, which ends with a conical roof and has a large window on each floor, is particularly striking. Left and right of the semicircular porch, set back a little, the bay-like porches that end with a conical roof. The bay window with the three narrow windows on the left on the north side extends only over the first floor and is roofed separately. The completely decor-free wall surfaces are probably the result of a later renovation.
Bahnhofstrasse 42
The former railway operations office was built around 1870 as the administration building of the Cottbus-Großenhainer Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft . The free-standing building on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between the tracks and Wilhelm-Külz-Strasse is a three-storey rectangular structure with thirteen window axes and flat central and side projections. The windows were simply designed and deeply framed, there are segmented arched windows on the ground floor and upper floor , whereby the three central axes of the first floor stand slightly in front of the wall and are accentuated by arched windows . The third floor is flatter with 26 small arched windows, which are arranged in pairs over the window axes of the second floor. According to the address book information from 1881, the building (at that time Bahnhofstrasse 5b) also contained the apartments of the director of the Cottbus-Großenhainer Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft L. Wilde .
After the nationalization of the railway company (1882/1883), various offices of the Prussian State Railways were located in this building until the end of the First World War , which was transferred to the Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1920. The building was also used by the Reichsbahndirektion Cottbus during the GDR era . Among other things, the dispatcher management, the materials management department, the free shipping point, a company dentist and the medical service were in this house. Today the building is empty, it is part of the federal railway property.
Two old low-rise buildings, which were renovated in 1985/1886, have been preserved in the area behind the service building. The signaling and telecommunications system was located in one building; the building currently houses a street café, operated by the Diakonie. Until 2004/2005, the railway's printing works were housed in the other building. Later the building was used in different ways, e.g. B. from educational institutions with social tasks. An electrical company for fireworks and special effects is still located in this building today. These two low-rise buildings are owned by Deutsche Bahn AG.
Bahnhofstrasse 45
The house is a plastered building that fits into the perimeter block development on Bahnhofstrasse. The facade is characterized by a wide and high protruding part of the building. A bent tail gable is attached to this risalit and ends in a hipped roof . The Berlin roof has a roof house with a pointed roof to the right and left, the ridges are decorated with bud-like decorations, so-called ridge crabs .
The facade has several porches, a loggia axis, different window formats and window groupings; this creates the interesting asymmetrical facade shape. The Art Nouveau decor is used very sparingly. Particularly striking is the entrance to the house, framed by the woven ribbon decor, with the side seating niches. The multi-storey house with a low basement and attic had three floors, which the well-known Cottbus cloth manufacturer Eschenhagen used for his family after 1920.
Inside the house, the stucco ceilings, the box windows and the doors from the time of construction are still well preserved.
Bahnhofstrasse 46
Until the end of the 1880s, Paul Grosche was the first owner of the rather simple house. The residential and commercial building is located between Wilhelm-Külz-Strasse and Rudolf-Breitscheid-Strasse. The four-storey building has a hipped roof, a mezzanine floor and colored bezels that harmonize with the color of the ground floor. The horizontal and vertical arrangements of the plastic cross windows in seven axes are striking. The middle part of the front building was set back a little in three axes.
The symmetry of the facade is also emphasized by the seven basement windows. The base has been highlighted with a darker color. The ocher-colored plaster as well as a cornice on the ground floor characterize the historic style of the house.
A parapet field in a square high-low structure connects to the double-run cornice on the ground floor. The parapet field is closed off by a continuous cornice under the windows of the 1st floor. The house is plastered from the 1st floor in light beige tones.
The divisions between the floors were underlined by colored plaster bands and cornices. On the mezzanine floor, the windows are slightly smaller with the same distribution.
The first owner Paul Grosche was u. a. Co-owner of the Calau roof tile factory Schulz & Grosche. From 1940 his widow Margarete was the registered owner of the house. The architect Max Hanke lived and worked in the house around 1920. The Franz Weimann company had rented an office and sold agricultural machines. The rear building was rented by Richter & Lehmann for the sale of local products and fertilizers.
After 1945 the house stood empty for a few years. In 1987/88 the building was rebuilt and the mezzanine floor was added. After the renovation, the Cottbus-Land district court, the district court and the budget and accounting office of the court were in office in the building. Since July 1, 2007, Lebenshilfe e. V. rented. The association uses the entire building as a stationary facility for people with mental and multiple disabilities. In addition, house no. 45 has been used for outpatient care since July 1, 2012. The current owners of both houses are the Cottbus entrepreneurs Jens and Lars Bosse.
Bahnhofstrasse 49
From 1913 to 1918, the master bricklayer and first owner Hermann Pabel built the four-storey residential and commercial building with an asymmetrical facade structure through risalit and bay projections. This house belongs to the perimeter block development on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between Rudolf-Breitscheid-Strasse and Wilhelm-Külz-Strasse.
On the ground floor there is a porch over two axes, which is continued in one axis on the upper floors. The right entrance area on the ground floor leads to the “Irish Pub”. The restaurant has two large windows with a blind arch frame and decorative cartouches as well as the glazed entrance door with a semicircular roof. The left entrance area, which leads to the apartments, was decorated by a combat cornice with plastered fields. A belt cornice with a tooth cut runs above the ground floor. The left porch tapers on the 1st floor, creating a risalit with a double window axis. The left side has a window axis and on the right side two double window axes with an arbor were installed. On the 2nd floor you can see a trapezoidal bay window on the right side axis, which ends on the 3rd floor with a small balcony. The 3rd floor impresses with its differently colored and structurally differentiated shingle above a cornice, interrupted by an eaves strip and continuing in the gable. The building has a gable roof with three modern roof windows. In the curved mansard roof to the right there are two roof houses with half-height decorative grilles on the windows. In the gable of the risalite, which is also covered with shingles, there is a three-part mansard window with small decorative grilles and an oval decorative cartouche at the end. Arnold Schießer, owner of the Brummer and Schießer fashion house, lived in the building until the Jewish family emigrated. Hermann Francke, co-owner of the wool trading company Otto Francke and the director of the municipal works, Paul Engels, were also tenants in the house. Of course, the tenants changed more frequently. a. the cloth merchant and merchant Hans Michovius, the doctor Dr. Otto Kühne, the factory director Otto Lunkwitz from the Peitz company Stauß & Ruff. After the Second World War, the ophthalmologist Dr. Hermann Loebner in the house. The clinic's chief physician, Professor Dr. Adolf Sylla, there. Today the large apartments are mostly used by companies or social institutions. A residential group for early school leavers, funded by the Schultz-Hencke Foundation, is still in the building today.
Bahnhofstrasse 50
The building was built in 1899/1900 for the manufacturer Paul Haase. The construction work was carried out by the construction company Hermann Pabel & Co. The building is a representative of late historicism. The house has a Berlin roof and is an asymmetrically structured plastered building. Furthermore, the initials and the date of construction are noted on the gable . The risalite sides are divided into many parts by means of porches and loggias . Inside the building there are stucco ceilings and marble stairs as well as well-preserved details such as ornamental grilles and stained glass windows.
The building was first subordinated to the council of the Cottbus district, then to the Cottbus district administration. From 1990 it was subject to the property administration of the state of Brandenburg. Since 1995 the branch office for the preservation of monuments of the Brandenburg State Museum for Prehistory and Early History has been located in the premises.
Bahnhofstrasse 51
This generously dimensioned corner building was built in 1906/07 for the master carpenter Wilhelm Schliack. Georg Schlesinger ran a furniture shop in this building until 1930 and lived there with his family. Schlesinger, his wife Adele and his daughter Josefine and their family were later murdered by the National Socialists . Today five stumbling blocks in front of the house remind of the fate of the family.
The usual structuring structures are reversed in this house by the recessed ground floor and the cantilevered upper floor. The late Art Nouveau facade is emphasized by the tower-like corner structure and side risalits , which are crowned by curved gables . The risalit areas are staggered by porches, bay windows and balconies. A subdivision of the wall surface is shown by changing plaster structures, some flat relief decorative fields, shingles and exposed framework. On the balconies there are decorative lattice finishes and wooden facings, the building-time window stock is stylistically coordinated with fine profiles and curly fighters . A defining element of the versatile roof structure is the central, multi-tiered polygonal hood, which is framed by three small pointed roofs and pike windows.
Bahnhofstrasse 52
The closed office and commercial building, built between 1924 and 1925, has a façade with a colossal order that is characterized by neo-baroque and neoclassical features . "Colossal" elements are the pilasters that extend over all three upper floors and the two-story oriels with narrow windows in groups of three or four that protrude in the manner of segmental arches. On the ground floor there are wide window fronts next to a door framed by columns and a wide passage to the inner courtyard. The facade on the third floor under the mansard roof is laid out more flat, the flat-framed rectangular windows stand here individually, in twos or threes on a cornice that runs from pilaster to pilaster .
The editorial rooms, the bookbindery and the cliché establishment were located on the three lower floors. Inside the ground floor, the room-defining reinforced concrete construction with stucco between wall pillars is particularly worth seeing.
Bahnhofstrasse 53
This three-storey residential and commercial building was built in 1893/94 by the master bricklayer and first owner Hermann Schuppan. The front building has a rear left side wing. The narrow late bourgeois building is part of the Bahnhofstrasse / Wernerstrasse block perimeter development. The building is based on the relatively simple, picturesque neo-renaissance, which is based on the forms of the German renaissance in terms of asymmetry and roof design.
Two separate shops were already being built on the ground floor during construction. Three different entrance areas lead to the apartments and the two shops. Almost the entire ground floor is glazed with large windows. The entrance area to the residential units was highlighted with an arched block. A cornice canopy on decorative consoles with a decorative cartouche emphasizes the right deal.
The 1st and 2nd floors have three window axes, each with two cross windows and double cross windows on the right. On the 1st floor there is a cornice with decorated parapet fields below the window sills. The windows are highlighted by cornice roofing and tooth cut decors in contrasting colors.
The ornaments and stucco elements on the house facade are still quite well preserved. The building appears narrower due to the low walling on the left with two loggias. The loggias on both floors were decorated with iron grilles and tooth-cut decorations.
On the 2nd floor, the right double cross window was worked out with a parapet field below the window sill. Three decorative elements in contrasting colors adorn the house facade between the two main floors.
Two smaller and one larger dormer with windows can be seen in the roof area. Below the Berlin roof, four round decorative cartouches accentuate the eaves. The brick gable on the left is provided with three small barred windows and richly decorated ornaments. A turret in the gable with decorative consoles on the right and left as well as a decorative cartouche is an eye-catcher.
Tenants in the house were u. a. the factory owner Paul Strauss, the printer Arnold Heine, the teacher Katharina Schuppan and the tailor Georg Sperling with his bespoke tailoring shop on the lower floor. Then as now, the offers in the shops changed more frequently, there were lampshades, books, cheese specialties and other delicacies. Around 1930, Dr. Erich Schiele, a specialist in obstetrics and gynecological diseases. The larger shop on the left now houses a hairdressing and nail salon, while a newspaper and gift shop has been rented on the right.
Bahnhofstrasse 54
In 1885/1886 the building was built as part of a perimeter block development on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse and Rudolf-Breitscheid-Strasse. The master bricklayer Hermann Schuppan built the three-story rental and commercial building over five axes with a side elevation and a mezzanine floor, also known as the mezzanine floor. It belongs to the earliest development phase on Bahnhofstrasse, which was shaped by the strictly axial forms of the new renaissance architecture.
A characteristic design element on the ground floor is the arched entrance, which was framed by a pilaster - architrave frame. To the right of the entrance portal, a shop was probably built a little later, from which the later breakthrough, the passage, arose. On the ground floor, two more cross windows, framed with lintel blocks and plaster bands, are clearly highlighted under the left balcony axis. A flat cornice separates the smooth plastered base from the plaster blocks on the ground floor. The three left-hand windows on the first floor are suspected of having a segmental arch that rests on two consoles. A continuous cornice under the windows, also in the balcony axis, creates a frontal connection between the windows. Above the entrance area and the opening, two cornices frame a wide plaster strip with decorated parapet fields. This framed parapet area visually separates the ground floor from the first floor. A flat, color-accentuated side projection characterizes the right side of the building. An identical semicircular balcony with original iron grating was integrated into the risalit on both main floors. On the second floor, the windows are covered by a straight, simple cornice on consoles. There is a cornice under each window, also resting on consoles. The mezzanine floor below the wide, protruding eaves zone, which again rests on decorated consoles, is accentuated by five oval windows. These windows are separated from one another by unadorned, square parapet fields, framed and suspected in an interesting manner and connected with a continuous cornice on the suggested consoles. A flat roof is attached over the eaves zone that is walled up at the top.
Initially, mainly officer families and several district judges, u. a. Dr. Delius and Karl Friedlaender, this rental and commercial building. After 1920 master baker Kaiser took over the building and after 1935 master baker Schwärzel. Both master bakers had a shop in the house. Also a pediatrician, Dr. Friedrich Friedland, lived and practiced there until after 1945. After 1990, the Cottbus taxi cooperative and a dentist rented it.
After an extensive renovation and renovation in 2000, the listed building was reopened with the "Werner Passage", a covered shopping street as a transition to Wernerstraße. In honor of his services, the short "Werner Passage" was named after Paul Werner, the former mayor and lord mayor from 1892 to 1914.
Bahnhofstrasse 55
The residential and commercial building was built in 1883/84 for the car manufacturer Albert Keilbach. Due to the extraordinary building width, this house is a particularly stately example among the Cottbus neo-renaissance buildings. Characteristic vertical dividing elements for this house are the plaster bands and the cornice. The two main floors were provided with an attic and console cornice as well as a richly designed eaves zone of framed windows in a regular axial arrangement. The high design standards are documented in rich facade structures, in unconventional decorative motifs as well as the richly ornamented cornice of the mezzanine windows on consoles in the form of predator heads that hold a decoratively falling cloth between their teeth. The three-story building with a mezzanine or mezzanine floor has seven window axes. The ground floor was changed significantly by several shop fittings. Due to the pillars with plaster framing on the upper floors, the side axes emerge like a risalit. The windows of the central five axes are provided with profiled framing and cornice roofing. On the 1st floor, the windows are structured with sill cornices on brackets with triangular roofing on top (today a simple parapet zone, originally more richly decorated). On the 2nd floor, the windows were also provided with sill cornices on consoles and cornice roofing (otherwise with stucco decor above the lintel area). There are seven two-part windows between the pilasters of the mezzanine floor. One of the first tenants was the regional court director Gustav Henschel. The ophthalmologist Dr. Adolf Krüger set up his practice here in 1910. In the early 1920s the furniture manufacturer Ludwig Friede bought the house, he manufactured and traded in furniture. In the rear building he set up a furniture store. The Jewish Friede family had to give up their house and company in 1933, and in 2008 stumbling blocks were laid in front of the house as a souvenir. The Alfred Schreiber furniture store took over the house and business from Friede. After 1954 the commercial rooms were converted into living spaces, an elevator was installed and the house was completely renovated in 1994/95. Today's tenants are an education company and social associations. A beauty salon and an insurance agency have rented themselves in the shops.
Bahnhofstrasse 56
In 1885/86, the town villa was built by master bricklayer Ewald Schulz as part of a perimeter block development on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse and Rudolf-Breitscheid-Strasse.
In comparison with the two neo-renaissance buildings that were built at the same time to the south and still consistently show the axial principle of the simple row of windows, there are already signs of an emerging tendency towards stronger accentuation of the facade surfaces through porches and balconies. The exception is the roof area over a well-preserved facade. Together with the two buildings adjoining to the south, the style of the earliest development phase on Bahnhofstrasse is documented. In the context of the architecture on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse (no. 49-80), the stylistic diversity of the well-preserved facades is of particular importance for urban planning, especially since the historical buildings are almost closed here.
The three-storey building has a right-hand trapezoidal porch with three windows, which ends on the 3rd floor with a balcony. On the ground floor there are three segmented arched windows and an entrance on the left side with an additional round arched end between the plaster bands, base and ledge. Light clinker facing was used on the upper floors. On the first floor, the balcony has two window axes, which are flanked here and on the porch of the windows by pilasters. All four windows were decorated with parapet and lintel zones as well as cornice roofing. A simpler window frame with a keystone and cornice roofing is located on the 2nd floor, with the exception of the double window in the right side axis, which is framed by pilasters according to the structure of the porch. On the right side of the 2nd floor there is a small balcony. The saddle roof over the attic, a walling over the top floor, is hidden behind a parapet wall.
In 1891/92 the merchant Otto Pohl bought the rental house. Elisabeth Pohl ran a daughter boarding school in this villa until the First World War. Then the lawyer and notary Bernhard Eulenberg bought the house, he lived and worked there. The architects Theodor Schmidt and Jakob Arnold rented a room in the mid-1920s. A doctor also practiced in these rooms. At the beginning of 1940, the university lecturer Dr. Karl Waentig this house, he was a lecturer for the German language at the college for teacher training in Cottbus. After 1990 the Medical Association of the State of Brandenburg e. V. their offices in the villa.
The building at Bahnhofstrasse 56 belongs to a hotel. Conference rooms and business offices are currently available in this building. When the construction work in the Altstadthotel has been completed, a beer garden with a restaurant will be built on plot No. 56 with garden land.
Bahnhofstrasse 56a
The residential and commercial building was built for the merchant Friedrich Sazewa in 1908. This three-storey building has three separate entrances on the ground floor. a. lead to the apartments, the lower sales area and the extension on the right. In the middle of the house in the basement there was a shop with a corresponding half segment arch window and a shop door on the left. On the left side you can see two smaller windows on the 1st floor, each with a larger window on the floors above. The residential and commercial building has a medium risalit with three-part windows in the 1st / 2nd First floor. On the 3rd floor, a bay window with four windows and wood facing as well as a separate roofing under the gable was built. The trapezoidal bay window made of wood on the 3rd floor used to be an eye-catcher, but now looks, like the entire facade, in need of renovation. A balcony was added to each floor in the right axis. The parapet wall of the balconies extends to the left from the bay window to the right corner of the house. The entire facade looks very simple, the plaster decors have been chipped off over time and have not been renewed. The broadly walled triangular gable has a straight base with three windows and an ox eye above. The gable runs slightly curved to the right and left to the corner of the facade and towers over the roof. The dealer Sazewa sold fruit and groceries in the basement. Doctors were often rented on the first floor. The district leadership of the NSDAP used the house until 1933 . Today the house is obviously empty and in need of renovation.
Bahnhofstrasse 57
This corner house , built in 1897/1898, is part of a perimeter block development at the intersection of Bahnhofstrasse and Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse. Planned and built as a hotel and catering facility, it is still used today. The facade design is clearly influenced by late historicism. The use of various historical styles of European art is characteristic of the period of construction, but their design is increasingly diverging from the historical model. The now newly covered gable roof is interrupted on both sides by three modern dormers. The hotel is a three-story angular corner building. Parts of the building that protrude from the alignment of the structure underline the symmetrical look. In the central corner risalit, the eye-catcher of the building, is the wide entrance door to the guest room, framed in a segmental arch. The two cross windows above are designed with different window canopies and plaster decors. The corner project leads into a roof tower with two small elongated tower windows. The entrance gate to the hotel is located on the left, eastern side of the building under a glass and iron porch. The left side of the facade is three window axes wide, followed by the risalit with the two large jointly roofed windows. The windows on the 2nd floor are framed in a segmental arch. The risalit ends in a triangular gable, also with two small arched windows. The surface from the side to the corner risalit is smoothly plastered and designed with a striking decorative cartouche. Also on the right side is a risalit with a gable, which was provided with two small arched windows in the roof area. The entire left side is provided with three window axes. On the ground floor there are three large and one small segment arched windows that belong to the restaurant. The windows on the two upper floors are the same size, but appear different due to the different stucco elements and roofs. In the roof area there are two dormers, some of which have been provided with wood.
A wall protrusion above the ground floor extends from the left over the corner to the right risalit. This creates a small balcony.
The ground floor clearly protrudes from the facade with strong plaster blocks. The large segment arched window in the risalit provides plenty of light in the restaurant. The keystone in the segment arch is easy to see, the chambers of the arched windows are designed as a continuous cornice. A second strong cornice separates the ground floor from the two upper floors. The windows of the same size on the two upper floors appear different due to the different decorative elements and roofs. The first owner, innkeeper Paul Lehming, called his restaurant "Zum Schwan". In 1901, hotelier Hermann Bielitz owned the house, which he ran as a hotel from 1909 to 1915. Then the management changed again, Heinrich Geisler, the landlord of the Ratskeller on the old market, bought the hotel. The hotel remained in the family until after the war. In 1949 the hotel and restaurant trade organization took over the house and continued to operate it as the “Hotel zum Schwan”. In the period up to 1970, minor renovations were carried out on the ground floor and from 1977 to 1979 the house was renovated. The roof was re-covered, the 3rd floor was expanded, windows and doors were repaired and a new oak door was made for the hotel entrance. The facade was largely preserved as a listed building. The “Lausitzer Broiler” restaurant was opened on the ground floor at the end of the 1970s with a street sale in the direction of Bahnhofstrasse. A highlight was the fountain in the middle of the restaurant, where the guests could wash their hands. After 1990, several restaurant and hotel operators tried the hotel, but never for long.
In 2011, the Wagner couple renovated the old building with the Art Nouveau elements. In addition to the hotel, the Wagners also want to revive the restaurant. Almost nothing has changed on the richly structured, ornate facade to this day, a new, brightly colored, light coat of paint made the hotel, now the old town hotel “Am Theater” in the immediate vicinity of the State Theater, appear in new splendor. Guests are offered a completely new and modern ambience with 12 double and 11 single rooms. Actors and guests of the theater often stay here. The hotel does not only want to be an address for art lovers, but also for business people. The building at Bahnhofstrasse 56 is also part of the hotel business. Conference rooms and business offices are currently available. When the construction work in the Altstadthotel has been completed, a beer garden with a restaurant will be built on plot No. 56 with garden land.
Bahnhofstrasse 58
The corner building with the former sonorous name "Lukullus" is currently being renovated after a long vacancy. The handsome previous building from 1895 was also a corner solution. The shop was first run by the house owner, the merchant Krenkel. Around 1930 Richard Gesch had rented his drugstore, perfumery and photo shop. The offers changed often, cloth, clocks and jams from Herbst & Dran were offered. The late historical building with the bay windows, balconies and large decorated window fronts was completely destroyed during the war in 1945.
In 1958/59 the residential and commercial building was built in place of a vacant lot due to the war for the council of the city of Cottbus. The design and planning began in 1957 with the Cottbus building construction. A replacement building with 12 residential units and a deli on the ground floor was built. This five-storey corner building was provided with a flat roof as part of a perimeter block development on the northwest corner of Bahnhofstrasse and Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse. In 1980 repair work was carried out on the simple facade and roof.
The ground floor begins with a clinker facing made of black rectangular tiles in the base area. The shop is remarkable, with its arched window closings, column positions and ceiling structures inside, which still has typical forms from the 1950s. Curved wall and pane cross-sections can be seen at the side of the entrance, a wide entrance step repeats the arch shape. Three entrances on the ground floor provide access to the apartments and the shop. In the southern part of the house (Karl-Liebknecht-Straße) you will find the entrance to the apartments on the left. At the corner of the building you came to the grocery store with a canopy. The other house entrance in the eastern part (Bahnhofstrasse) is in the middle of the residential and commercial building.
The residential and commercial building has six axes on the south side and four axes on the east side. Only from the second floor was a balcony built on the south side on the right side of each floor. The center distances as well as the window shapes vary with different colored bezels.
Bahnhofstrasse 59
This building was built in the neo-renaissance style by master mason Paul Broeßke in 1883/84 as a rental apartment building. The two-storey house, also equipped with a basement and mezzanine floor, is part of the perimeter block development on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between August-Bebel-Strasse and Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse. On the open north side of the building's perimeter block is the entrance portal framed with pillars, it has been preserved in its original form. A flat risalit with two different window shapes extends up to the eaves. From the basement to the mezzanine floor, the facade is structured vertically by three window axes, in the middle window axis by a single window, otherwise by double windows. The five small windows in the basement are also arranged accordingly. Only on the mezzanine floor are there three simple, smaller windows that are framed by decorative consoles and end with a stepped roof. A putti is framed by a garland-shaped decoration in the parapet fields under the stepped sills of the windows. The mezzanine floor opens into a sweeping eaves profile, emphasized by a striking tooth cut decor. The windows are very ornately designed according to the Italian model, especially on the first floor. The bel étage is conspicuously highlighted by a flat incised ashlar on the facade, the decorative window frame and the bay window with its aedicule frame. The ground floor between the base and the cornice is designed with a strong rusticated band and simply plastered parapet fields under the windows. The first owner of the city villa was the high school professor Eduard Trantow. After the First World War, the banker Wolff Loewenstein and later the dentist Paul Haenisch and his practice were the house owners. The dentist Dr. Marie Herr opened her practice in the city villa after 1945. In the meantime, the family bought from the dentist Dr. Markula left the villa and his children still practice as orthodontists in the villa.
Bahnhofstrasse 60
The city villa has some interesting style elements based on the Italian neo-Renaissance model. These include the cube-like design for the two main floors, the rustic base, the cornice and a richly designed mezzanine ( attic ) under the roof. Also worth seeing is the very well-preserved relief above the lavishly designed windows. Particularly striking the windows in the main floor designed to include the Segmentbogenverdachungen and pilasters. The central projecting with a bay porch, also with segmental arch roofing, divides the building symmetrically. The villa breaks through the perimeter block development in Bahnhofstrasse, to the south it is free. On the left side of the house there is the flight of stairs to the entrance door and the entrance to the formerly green courtyard.
Bahnhofstrasse 61
This house was built as a tenement house in 1889/90 by master bricklayer Paul Broeßke. This building is a solid construction with a clinker plaster facade, a Berlin roof, a basement and a trapezoidal central projection. The late historical building is part of a perimeter block development on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between August-Bebel-Strasse and Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse. The building has three floors (ground floor and two upper floors) as well as a basement, an attic and a trapezoidal central projectile. In the basement there are six small wire - glass windows that fit the window axes of the house. The windows on the ground floor are connected with a continuous cornice. The base between two cornices is smoothly plastered. The ground floor is separated from the first floor by a wide strip of parapet. A polished high-low structure is clearly visible, also in color. On the left side of the house is an arched entrance with an original front door and decorative elements. The three window axes on the ground floor are framed with simple cross-shaped windows and recessed bezels and plastic mask decoration. The facade on the 1st and 2nd floors is unplastered and clinkered. There are two window axes on the first floor to the right and left of the central risalit, the different window design is striking, on the 1st floor the cross windows are suspected to be triangular and designed with rich decorative decoration. The design of the windows on the 2nd floor is more simple. Sill cornices lie on decorative consoles and have horizontal, protruding wall strips, one on top of the other, and a spiral keystone. The central risalit with three cross windows and one simple side window each over the stepped eaves area ends with a richly decorated round arch. The roof zone in the central risalit axis is accentuated by an attached gable with volutes, turrets and two arched windows in neo-renaissance form. Next to the gable are four dormer windows with arched windows. Today the building belongs to the Exner family, who set up their general dentistry practice on the lower level.
Bahnhofstrasse 62
This house was built in 1893 by the Jewish notary and lawyer Abraham Hammerschmidt . He was the first owner of the house, lived in it with his family and opened his office on the premises. After his death in 1934, his eldest son Hermann took over the office. He had to sell the house in 1938 in order to pay the “ Jewish penalty ” demanded by him . Later, like four of his siblings and other family members, he was murdered by the National Socialists . Since 2006, five stumbling blocks in front of the building have been a reminder of the fate of the Hammerschmidt family.
The building is part of the perimeter block development on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between August-Bebel-Strasse and Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse. Today's three-storey building, which was badly damaged in the Second World War, was significantly changed, especially during renovations in 1996/97. This is particularly evident from the different design of the floors and window shapes. The imposing house originally stood out for its decoratively designed ground floor above the basement. The first floor, undoubtedly the main floor of the family, led to a low attic. As a result of the renovation, the top floor was converted into a normal 2nd floor, the windows were made smaller and simpler. A modern saddle roof with a sheet metal covering and large horizontal skylights is also the result of the addition, which is likely to have resulted in an attic apartment. On the left side of the house is the passage with the original gate, which is noticeable due to the elaborate carving. Inside the passage you have access to the stairwell on the right-hand side. The passage is from the time it was built, pilasters and richly profiled stucco ceiling cassettes are well preserved. Directly above the passage is a loggia with a protruding baluster parapet and a semicircular framed wall field ( lunette ). To the right of the passage are two window axes, which are then interrupted by a central projection and again close the building with two window axes. In the central risalit there are two narrow windows on the sides and in the front area, which frame a wider cross window with an exit on the 1st floor. On the ground floor, the windows are framed with cuboids and keystones. The central projection opens into a gable with a dwarf house. The windows on the 1st floor, the bel étage , are designed very conspicuously and end with a triangular roof over each window. The ground floor was framed with a cornice and provided with plaster bands. In the basement area there are seven half cross windows with iron bars.
During the renovations in 1978, a floor heating was installed, in 1982 the roof and facade on the street side were repaired and in 1996/97 an elevator was installed.
This house was badly damaged in the war and for many years it was only poorly repaired. The rear southwest wing was later demolished. The farmer's party recently had offices there. In May 1997, after the establishment, the first city hospice in the state of Brandenburg moved in. The focus of this facility in the center of Cottbus is the competent pain therapy care of terminally ill people, combined with intensive care and attention. In this building there are other practices, e.g. B. a group practice for pulmonology, allergists, sleep specialists, neurologists, psychiatrists and the specialist station for palliative care.
Bahnhofstrasse 63
The rental and commercial building was built in 1905/06 for the confectioner Max Lauterbach by the architecture and construction office of the master mason Patzelt . The large three-storey house has an outstanding Art Nouveau facade, which also sets an urban accent through its dimensions. The quality of the low-relief, small-scale decorative forms, whose floral and geometric motifs show the stylization typical of Art Nouveau, is remarkable. While the decors are limited to bay windows and gable fields, the decor-free wall surfaces on the side axes are accentuated by the elegant balcony grilles. The striking Art Nouveau architecture is also evident on the facade of the house in the double gable.
In the middle of the ground floor is the entrance to the former cafe, today's shops. The words “Conditorei Max Lauterbach” are still clearly legible above the entrance area. Three large shop windows take up over half of the ground floor. On the left side of the house you can see two high lattice windows and the entrance to the apartments.
Both bay windows on the upper floors have high triple windows with decorative elements. Between the bay windows on the 1st and 2nd floors there are also triple windows with decorative decorations. The four side balconies with filigree grilles on the two upper floors with paired lattice windows and the corresponding balcony doors give the building a certain symmetry. Five groups of windows underline the axes on the upper floors.
The central axis is framed by two oriels, which form a roof finish in the eaves area and each merge into a double gable. The two bay windows were connected in the attic by an open, metal-gridded balcony. In the gable there are four arched windows and two Carnies arched windows. A large round arched door enables access to the open, centered balcony. The facade decoration was mainly limited to the gable and bay windows. An arrangement of floral and geometric decor, ornamental bands and fields as well as individual shapes with flat relief emphasize the attractiveness of the house.
The “Cafe Lauterbach” was well known among Cottbus residents, the fine confectionery and the smell of coffee attracted countless guests. It served the councilors of the opposite secondary school to relax. Tenants of this house were u. a. the lawyer Dr. Sternberg, the authorized signatory Weymann from the Kunert dairy, the Sparkasse director Pöschke and the senior commercial teacher Riegel. Around 1940 the confectioner Walter Mehl came to Cottbus and leased a cafe and a pastry shop. After 1945 the company was temporarily shut down before the tradition continued. The last managing director Gerber left shortly before the fall of the Berlin Wall. His successor Hajek tried to build on the Lauterbach tradition and reopened the cafe in December 1989. In the meantime, the cafe has moved to Spremberger Straße and the business premises are used by the Flamingo pharmacy and a specialist and advisory shop for magnifying special visual aids. Various specialists and families have rented the upper floors.
Bahnhofstrasse 67
This tenement house was built for the master potter Hermann Prinz in 1895/96. The building is part of the perimeter block development on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between August-Bebel-Strasse and Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse. In 1982 the building was renovated. The street facade and the original roof shape were restored. The mansard roof was covered with GDR-typical Preolit shingles, the dormer tops were renewed, all wooden construction elements were painted and the old blinds were removed. The four-story building with an additional basement is a solid, plastered brick building with four window axes. Almost all jewelry and structural elements were lost over the years. The color of the basement and ground floor differ significantly from the other floors. Three barred windows are located in the unadorned, slightly forward set base. The large arched entrance on the right on the ground floor enables access to the building. In the original wooden portal door there are filigree metal structures behind glass in the inward-opening side wings. In the upper part of the side wings, an elaborately decorated handwork, similar to a sun, can be seen. The door closes with an arched window over a stepped wooden cornice. On the ground floor, between the cornice of the basement and the cornice on the first floor, there are three simply framed segmental arched windows, connected with a continuous cornice. The centrally attached balconies with the filigree metal grids on the upper floors are two axes wide, each with a window and a balcony door. All windows are simply framed and each designed with a sill cornice. The roof area begins over a wide, simple eaves cornice. In the middle of the Berlin roof above the balcony axis you can see the gable with the square arched twin windows and side roof houses with tent roof. The square gable is slightly exposed downwards and stands on an elongated pedestal. It shows ancient forms. The flat, plastered frame of the two windows is reminiscent of an architrave frame . The square arched windows are provided with striking keystones . The gable ends with a stepped projection.
Bahnhofstrasse 68
The house at Bahnhofstrasse 68 was planned in 1894 . It was not until 1897/98 that the corner building was built as part of a perimeter block development by the master mason and first owner Ernst Ludwig. At the turn of the century Gottlieb Domke ran a paper shop in the corner shop of the house, after 1920 Emilie Bleich used the business premises for colonial goods. In the former left side shop, Linda Geisler sold chocolate and Elisabeth Latarius sold stationery on the right. This product range lasted until after the Second World War. The shop area on the ground floor was enlarged in 1948 by breaking out walls in the hallway area. During a partial renovation, the windows were renewed, the roof was re-covered and a floor heating system was installed. A barber shop opened on the ground floor in 1999, and apartments have been built on the upper floors. The building was sold to a private investor in 2011.
The corner building is located at the intersection of Bahnhofstrasse and today's August-Bebel-Strasse. It was and is still today a residential and commercial building in the late historic architectural style. The four-storey old building with a former basement and an interesting roof floor is an imposing building with its elaborate plaster decor on Bahnhofstrasse / August-Bebel-Strasse. The different facade and window designs emphasize the vertical structure of the building. The decorative decoration in the window design on the two main floors is very well preserved and testifies to the wealth and skill of its middle-class builder. The eye-catcher of the building is the corner bay . This is built on two sturdy brackets above the shop entrance door . In the roof area, the bay window leads into a versatile tower house with an attached tip that is integrated into the roof. Three narrow arched windows with recessed, contrasting white bezels and a combat cornice as well as two blind windows are striking design elements.
The right side of the house from the bay window is six window axes wide. The tall rectangular windows are arranged in pairs. A flat central risalit , highlighted by wall panels, merges into a curved gable in the roof area . The gable with two small arched windows is framed by two turrets. Two rectangular windows are built into the dormer windows to the right and left of the gable. To the left of the bay window, the facade is shaped by a balcony axis. The balconies with the original wrought iron grille rest on two or three consoles. The axis of the balcony ends in a gable, which differs from the gable in Bebelstraße in terms of design and plaster decoration. Four dormers in the roof area, each with two rectangular windows, are probably from the time it was built. A pronounced cornice separates the basement from the ground floor. The strong plaster ashlar is interrupted by small and large segmental arched windows with striking keystones . The ground floor is separated from the first floor by a wide strip of plaster with parapet panels that goes through the entire facade. The parapet areas in the bay window are very decorative and three-dimensional. The plaster strip is set off by strong cornice strips above and below. To the right of the bay window, the attentive observer sees the unadorned parapet fields in pairs and alternately placed or recessed. The cross windows on the 1st floor are characterized by a triangular roof. The roofing of the windows in the bay, on the other hand, is straight. The first pair of windows to the right of the bay window was designed with a shared triangular roof, the windows on the left house front are suspected individually. The balcony doors and windows are single or step framed. The windows on the 2nd floor are suspected of having a straight cornice. The bay windows, however, are suspected of being triangular. The two windows to the right of the bay are common again, the left windows are suspected individually. The plaster ornaments under the windows on the 2nd floor are striking. The third floor begins above a wide decorative frieze that extends over the entire facade and ends with a cornice strip. The window roofs are tiered and individually designed above each window, including in the bay window. The roof area begins above the 3rd floor with a wide, very decorative ribbon of flowers under the protruding eaves zone .
Bahnhofstrasse 69
The three-storey corner house on Bahnhofstrasse / August-Bebel-Strasse was built in 1895 . The owner and first owner was the coal mine owner Napoleon Most. The no longer strictly vertical and horizontal structure of the axes and the floor plan are typical features of the late historical construction method. After the Second World War, the once richly decorated facade of the building was simply plastered because there was a lack of money and expertise for a listed renovation.
What is striking about this building are two wings that run at right angles to one another and lead into a corner projectile. This was equipped with high double cross windows and one side window each, or on the 1st floor with high twin arched windows. Colored plastered deep bottles frame the old wooden window fronts. A protruding eaves zone leads into the flat roof.
The two middle floors were equipped with large cross windows. A total of four window axes underline the horizontal structure on the side of the building facing August-Bebel-Strasse, while the basement and mezzanine floors have five windows. The house front facing Bahnhofstrasse has three window axes and four small basement or mezzanine floor windows.
A brick staircase with an iron railing leads into the interior of the house on the north side. Above the two cross windows to the right of the entrance there are four more cross windows and five small box windows on the mezzanine floor on the first floor.
After 1920 the doctor bought Dr. Georg Tietze the house, who practiced on the 1st floor. In the mid-1930s the house was owned by Anna Werner. Before the Second World War, the lawyer Otto Schiemang had a law firm in the house, later the lawyer Fritz Hellmund. Before the Soviet occupying power seized the building in 1945, the district court director Erich Germelmann lived in the tenement house for many years. After a few years, the house for the school opposite became a daycare building. In the meantime, offices were rented to the adult education center, the school psychological service and the department for youth, culture and social affairs. Today the house is for sale.
Bahnhofstrasse 70
This building was built in 1885/1886 for the merchant GA Püschel as a tenement house. This building is a free-standing building on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between Berlinerstrasse and August-Bebel-Strasse. It is a two-storey, rectangular structure with a side entrance and a flat roof. The basement, originally provided with a solid ceiling, has seven small barred windows. The two-storey building is also built with a mezzanine floor, which has seven smaller window axes. There are three window axes in the central projection. The risalit with a flat triangular gable ends with a tooth cut decoration. On the side of the risalit there are two window axes. The design of the gable shows the late Classicist style. Stylistically, it is also one of the oldest buildings on Bahnhofstrasse. The mezzanine floor is raised in the risalit area and connected to the 2nd floor by a framework. Remains of a parapet structure can still be seen on the 2nd floor. The building was repaired in 1974 and the Soviet headquarters moved in. Before that, the steel glass roof over the main cornice and the balcony facing the courtyard had been removed. All windows and doors were renewed, gable surfaces and the courtyard facade repaired. The inner walls were partly provided with half-height paneling and the parquet was newly sealed. In the sanitary area, the tiles were renewed and electrical and sanitary installations were carried out. After a long vacancy, the building is currently being extensively renovated and restored.
Bahnhofstrasse 71
The detached house on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between Berliner Strasse and August-Bebel-Strasse was built in the late historic style in 1893/94 . The two-storey building captivates with the central projection in the front building with a balcony and the curved gable that merges into the roof. There is an elongated side wing on the right side of the cuboid main house. 3 smaller simple windows were subsequently installed on the 1st floor of the side wing. The Berlin roof was covered with slate, it has a cornice with a profiled eaves zone. Corner pilaster strips made of ashlar were worked on the side surfaces of the front facade.
Below the cornice from the ground floor there is a plinth with plaster ashlar and rounded cellar windows with gridded pairs with keystones. The central projection on the ground floor is rectangular with a high double window. On the left and right side of the front building there is a large triplet window, consisting of two narrow windows and one cross window. The windows on the ground floor are suspected by a segment arch richly decorated with plastering. Between the two floors, jewelery cartouches on the right and left can be seen on the outer walls.
The central projection on the 1st floor was given a trapezoidal shape with a balcony and rounded windows with flanking ornamental bands and keystones. The balcony lies on consoles and is delimited by iron grating. The two windows on the right and left on the first floor have separately framed segmental arch roofs. All segment arch roofs on the windows are richly decorated with ornaments. A hipped roof, a gable with wooden turrets and the associated carved decoration can be seen above the balcony. On the respective sides there are two roof tent houses with carved decorations and twin windows as well as pointed attachments.
The south-roofed entrance portal with blind columns is located in the left side wing within the risalit. The risalit was emphasized by colored corner blocks as well as three different window shapes and different colored decorative decorations. A high lattice window with stained glass panes can be seen above the entrance. Above it is a round arch stone cross window with a richly decorated parapet field. The upper end of the risalite is a curved gable with a small round window, an ox's eye.
The first house owner and builder was the distillery owner Emil Neumann, who retired after the turn of the century. Around 1920, Katharina Stump appeared in the archive of the residential register as the home owner. The weaving and spinning mill owner Adolf Stump, who took over the house in early 1930, also lived in the house. Among the tenants over the years are particularly Bergrat Paul Kneuse, the tailor Elsbeth Voigt and Dr. Mention Ferdinand Walter. In 1945 the house was confiscated by the Soviet occupiers. By October 1974, the building had been painstakingly renovated and repaired in order to be handed over to the teachers' union of the public education department of the district council. The "Teacher's House" was available to teachers with 5 club rooms, the library and a small restaurant to organize their training and leisure time. The house closed its doors on June 30, 1991 and was handed over to the Potsdam State Educational Institute. The building is currently empty.
Bahnhofstrasse 74
The city villa was built in 1897 by master mason CL Schade, who was the builder and owner. The house has two floors and a wide driveway. The right side of the front door leads into the house. The late historical villa with the old building elements is very well preserved.
This includes the typical medium risalit with a large loggia and the gable that merges into the roof . There are arched windows on the first and second floors, behind which large apartments in old buildings have been created. Unfortunately, so much was changed inside the house that nothing of the old structure has been preserved.
Bahnhofstrasse 75
This family villa was built by the master bricklayer and brickmaker Paul Broeßke in 1875, he was both the builder and owner of this villa. In this building, the facade is remarkably designed due to the central risalit with the decorated gables , the dormers and the loggia. The elements of the construction period such as box windows and doors in the outside area and the stucco ceilings, doors and the stairs inside are still preserved. Modernized old apartments are located on both floors. The entrance to this building is on the courtyard side.
Bahnhofstrasse 76
The building with two floors was given in 1896 by F. Koppe commissioned architect Paul Broeßke built it particularly expensive. The family villa is particularly noticeable through the design of the corner tower and the loggia . In the window roofing and in the window frames, elements typical of the time can be seen in stucco decor. In the gable window frames, special decorations and decors, for example cartouches and foliage, indicate different architectural styles. This house has high arched windows, behind which there are large apartments in old buildings. Some elements of the interior have been preserved in their original form.
Bahnhofstrasse 78
Wilhelm Münnch had this tenement house built in 1889/90. The building is part of the perimeter block development on the west side of Bahnhofstrasse between Berliner Strasse and August-Bebel-Strasse.
The three-storey solid building with a raised basement and an attic is six window axes wide, the central projection with two window axes divides the building symmetrically. On the right and left, the central projection is bounded by corner pilasters on the 1st and 2nd floors. Both upper floors are equipped with balconies lying on consoles, which are provided with wrought iron railings.
In the basement and ground floor there are only five windows, on the right side of the facade the entrance is connected with an original wooden door. The entrance area is framed with an aedicule, a cornice canopy and pilasters.
The basement plinth with the small square windows is separated from the ground floor by a plinth cornice. This is provided with a plaster ashlar that frames the five cross windows with the striking keystones.
The decor in the facade has been well preserved and restored in accordance with the listed building standards.
On the two upper floors there are two cross windows to the right and left of the central projection. On the 1st floor, the bel étage, the windows are particularly emphasized by triangular roofs and vertical parapet fields under the continuous cornice. The windows on the second floor are designed differently, they stand out through a horizontally stepped frame, a decorative keystone and square pilasters in the window sockets.
The expansive eaves zone with decorative frieze, decorative consoles and tooth-cut decoration ends in a Berlin roof with a central gable whose sides are curved back to the roof. In the gable, decorated with decorative decoration and stucco, there are two segmented arched windows with decorative end stones.
In addition to the gable, a dormer with triangular roof interrupts the Berlin roof to the right and left. Due to the extremely good state of preservation and the rich facade profile, the house is important for the closed overall impression of the historical development of the townscape-defining Bahnhofstrasse.
literature
- Gerhard Vinken u. a. (Ed.): Dehio-Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03054-9 .
- Irmgard Ackermann, Marcus Cante, Antje Mues: City of Cottbus, part 1, old town, Mühleninsel, Neustadt and Ostrow, inner Spremberger suburb, “ city promenade ”, western expansion of the city, historic Brunschwig. (= Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany , Monuments in Brandenburg , Volume 2.1.) Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2001, ISBN 3-88462-176-9 .
- Antje Mues: Cottbus. Architecture and urban development 1871 to 1918. Westkreuz-Verlag Berlin / Bonn, Bad Münstereifel 2007, ISBN 978-3-929592-99-3 .
- Ingrid Halbach, Karl-Heinz Müller, Steffen Delang, Gerold Glatte, Peter Biernath: Cottbus. Walks through the city and surroundings. Verlag für Bauwesen, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-345-00506-9 .
Web links
- List of monuments of the State of Brandenburg: City of Cottbus (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
- Statute for the protection of the monument area "Western City Expansion (1870–1914)" around Bahnhofstrasse and Schillerplatz from March 31, 2006 (PDF; 64 kB)
- Jewish history in Cottbus - Part I.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official Gazette of the City of Cottbus from 18./19. March 1998.
- ^ Jewish history in Cottbus , part I.
- ↑ Georg Schlesinger. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . February 27, 2010. Retrieved November 29, 2017 .
- ^ Stumbling blocks in Cottbus. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . September 27, 2006, accessed October 14, 2017 .
- ^ A. Floß: Five new stumbling blocks in Cottbuser Bahnhofstrasse. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . April 24, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2017 .
- ↑ Alexander Kuchta: Hammerschmidt, Abraham. In: Cottbus Municipal Collection. Retrieved October 16, 2017 .
- ^ Stumbling blocks in Cottbus. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . September 27, 2006, accessed October 14, 2017 .
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