Bartholomäus Strobel

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Martin Opitz , 1636/37

Bartholomäus Strobel ( the younger ; Bartoloměj Strobel in Czech ; Bartłomiej Strobel in Polish ; baptized April 11, 1591 in Breslau , Principality of Breslau ; † after 1648 ) was a Silesian painter who worked in Wroclaw, Prague and Poland-Lithuania .

Life

Maria with child and mother Anna Anna herself third

His grandfather Simon Strobel came from the free mountain town of Schneeberg in the Electorate of Saxony , his father Bartholomäus Strobel the Elder. Ä. († 1616) was a painter in Breslau, the mother Tabitha († 1636) was a daughter of the painter Andreas Ruhl / Riel d. Ä. and sister of Andreas Riehl the Elder J.

Bartholomäus Strobel is first documented for the year 1602. At that time he was an apprentice in his father's workshop in Wroclaw. In 1610 he stayed in Prague , in 1611 he helped his father with work in the Augustinian Church in Breslau. In 1618 he is said to have made a trip to Danzig .

In Breslau he gained a reputation and a certain wealth. His patrons and patrons included the Breslau prince-bishop Karl von Habsburg , who appointed him court painter , the German emperor Matthias , who issued him a "license for painting in the Kingdom of Bohemia", and Ferdinand II , who renewed the license in April 1624; also the Saxon Elector Johann Georg I and the Polish King Sigismund III. Wasa , whom he portrayed in 1624 and who appointed him court painter in 1639.

Martin Opitz , who at that time was in the service of the Breslau burgrave Karl Hannibal von Dohna , was one of Strobel's friends since 1627 . Because of the effects of the Thirty Years' War and the policy of recatholization of the Habsburgs , who had also been sovereigns of Silesia since 1526 in their capacity as kings of Bohemia , Opitz followed Duke Johann Christian into exile in Poland in 1634 and Strobel in 1635 . Opitz soon got a secretary position with the royal Prussian voivode Gerhard von Dönnhof , who knew the conditions in Silesia well at that time because his wife, Sibylle Margarethe von Brieg , was a sister of Duke Johann Christian. It is likely that Dönhoff also brokered orders for Strobel, who alternately lived and worked in Danzig, Thorn and Elbing in the next few years. In 1635 Strobel probably carried out commissions in the cathedral in Vilnius . In 1636 he was in Breslau for his mother's funeral, but then returned to Royal Prussia . In 1643 Strobel converted from the Lutheran to the Catholic denomination in the Jesuit church in Thorn.

Strobel was last mentioned in 1647 in Thorn. Possibly he returned to his hometown Wroclaw after the end of the Thirty Years War. His death date and place of burial are not known.

Works (selection)

The Feast of Herod and the Head of John the Baptist, around 1642

Bartholomäus Strobel created numerous paintings, especially altar paintings and portraits. His clients were mainly secular and spiritual personalities. His best-known work is the painting The Feast of Herod and the Beheading of John the Baptist . It is 9.52 meters long and was probably built in Elbing between 1640 and 1642 under the protection of Count Gerhard von Dönhoff. Client should the 1640 died Breslauer Canon Nicholas of Troilo have been. The painting was later moved to the Prado Museum in Madrid . It was not until 1970 that the Czech art historian Jaromír Neumann succeeded in convincingly ascribing the painting to the painter Bartholomäus Strobel.

His other works include:

  • Stoning of St. Stephan (1616–1618), probably on behalf of the noble family Ostroróg , National Museum (Poznan)
  • Portrait of the Breslau Canon Friedrich Bergh († 1641)
  • Portrait of Prince Władysław Wasa (1624), missing
  • Portrait of Baron Johann von Vogten (1628), City Council in Wroclaw, Galeria Sztuki Śląskiej, Brieg
  • Allegory of the victory of art over war (1626), drawing, (lost, formerly the Silesian Museum of Applied Arts and Antiquities , Wroclaw)
  • King David and Bathsheba (1630, painted on behalf of the Wroclaw Canon Philipp Jakob von Jerin), Státní zámek, Mnichovo Hradiště , Czech Republic
  • Portrait of the Danish Prince Ulrich , who conquered Wroclaw with imperial troops in the Thirty Years' War . (1632, lost)
  • Adoration of Christ crucified by two Benedictine women (around 1634), Church of St. James, Toruń
    • Mary with the child and St. Stanislaus Kostka (1634–35), St. John's Cathedral, Toruń
  • Maria Rosenkranz with the hll. Dominikus and Nikolaus (1634–35), St. Hedwig's Church, Grodzisk Wielkopolski (Grätz)
  • Resurrection of Christ (1635), Maria Rosenkranz Church, Koźliny near Gdansk
  • Portrait of Władysław Dominik Zasławski (1635), Wilanów Palace Museum , Wilanów
  • Portrait of Jerzy Ossoliński (around 1635)
  • Portrait of Janusz Radziwiłł (around 1635)
  • Allegory of the Fate of the Liberal Arts in the Time of War (1636), drawing in the family book of Heinrich von Böhme from Namslau ; today in the manuscript department of the Biblioteka Kórnicka (PAN) in Kórnik
  • Daniel and King Kyrus in front of the idol Baal (1636/37, probably on behalf of Count Gerhard Dönhoff), National Museum Warsaw
  • Portrait of Martin Opitz (1636–37), Library of the Academy of Sciences (Biblioteka Gdańska PAN) , Danzig
  • Anna selbdritt (1639), Cathedral of St. Assumption of Mary and Andreas, Frombork (Frauenburg)
    • Hll. Margaretha, Barbara, Katharina von Siena and Maria Magdalena (1639), as above
    • St. Andrew (1639), as above
  • Assumption of the Virgin Mary (1639), Cathedral of the Assumption of Mary, Włocławek (Leslau)
    • Coronation of Mary (1639), as above
  • Beheaded St. James (1640), Cathedral of the Assumption, Pelplin
    • St. James conqueror of the Moors at Clavijo (1640), ibid
    • Christ with the Sons of Zebedee (1640), ibid
  • Assumption and Coronation of Mary with the Apostles at the Grave (1641), St. Hedwig's Church, Pępowo
  • Altar painting in the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin (1641), Goszcz
  • Coronation of Mary with the hll. Luke and Nicholas (1643), Church of St. Anne, Radzyń Chełmiński
  • Portrait of Nikolaus Hübner, City Councilor of Alt Thorn , (1644), Muzeum Okręgowe, Toruń
  • Herod's Supper ( year unknown ), Alte Pinakothek , Munich

literature

  • Jan Harasimowicz : Enthusiasm and freedom thinking : Contributions to the art and cultural history of Silesia in the early modern period (=  New Research on Silesian History, Volume 21). Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2010, ISBN 978-3-412-20616-1 , section Johann Christian - an indomitable prince. The “European Allegory” by Bartholomäus Strobel the Younger in the Museo del Prado in Madrid, pp. 143–149.
  • Jacek Tylicki: Bartłomiej Strobel - malarz okresu wojny trzydziestoletniej . 2 volumes. Wydawnictwo UMK, Toruń 2000–2001.
  • Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland. Silesia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich a. a. 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , pp. 50, 67, 324.

Web links

Commons : Bartholomäus Strobel  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ s. Dehio, p. 67
  2. ↑ Barons Vogten
  3. ↑ Etsi dareus non esse Deum . In: Jan Harasimowicz: Schwärmergeist and freedom thinking , p. 344.
  4. ↑ ved = 2ahUKEwjpgZbupIHqAhUEQEEAHYJUBRwQ6AEwAnoECAgQAQ # v = onepage & q =% 22Nikolaus% 20H% C3% BCbner% 22% 20Thorn & f = false S Georg Gottlieb Dittmann: Contributions to the history of the city of Thorn ..., Thorn 1789, p. 42
  5. ↑ Inv. No. 5120
personal data
SURNAME Strobel, Bartholomew
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Strobel, Bartłomiej (Polish form of name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Silesian painter in Wroclaw, Prague and Poland-Lithuania
DATE OF BIRTH before April 11, 1591
PLACE OF BIRTH Breslau , Principality of Breslau
DATE OF DEATH after 1648