Hairy primrose

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Hairy primrose
Hairy primrose (Primula hirsuta)

Hairy primrose ( Primula hirsuta )

Systematics
Family : Primrose Family (Primulaceae)
Subfamily : Primuloideae
Genre : Primroses ( primula )
Subgenus : Auriculastrum
Section : Auricula
Type : Hairy primrose
Scientific name
Primula hirsuta
Alles.

The plant species hairy primrose ( Primula hirsuta ), also called hairy cowslip or red rock primrose , belongs to the genus of primroses ( Primula ). Other common names are glands Hair primrose , Himalayan primrose and red valerian .

description

Inflorescence and flowers from above
Illustration
in Anton Hartinger: Atlas of the Alpine flora , 1882

Vegetative characteristics

The hairy primrose grows as an evergreen, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 2 to 7 centimeters. All green parts of the plant are densely covered with very short, sticky, colorless to amber-colored glandular hairs ( trichomes ).

The leaves are arranged in a basal rosette. The simple, somewhat fleshy leaf blade is roundish-oval or obovate with a length of 2 to 6 centimeters and quickly narrows into the winged petiole. The upper and lower surface of the leaf is hairy and sticky. The leaf margin is usually notched, without a cartilage margin.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to July. The inflorescence stem is relatively short. Usually two to five (1 to 17) flowers are grouped together in a golden inflorescence . The flower stalk is 3 to 15 millimeters long.

The fragrant, hermaphrodite flower is radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused and the five protruding calyx teeth are 1.5 to 2.5 millimeters long, longer than wide and more or less triangular. The five mostly bright pink to purple-colored petals are fused into a corolla tube with a white throat and the five corolla lobes are more or less deeply edged.

The spherical capsule fruit is shorter than the calyx.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 62.

Occurrence

The hairy primrose is found in Austria , Switzerland , northern Italy , southern France and northeastern Spain .

The hairy primrose grows in the Graian Alps and the Hohe Tauern preferably on acidic rock in crevices and fissures, at altitudes between 220 ( Val Maggia near Locarno ) and 3600 meters ( Monte Rosa ). Populations on calcareous rock are also known. Primula hirsuta is represented in the Pyrenees .

In Austria, the hairy primrose occurs in the federal states of Carinthia , Tyrol , Vorarlberg and Salzburg .

The hairy primrose mainly thrives in lawns, rock and scree meadows in the high mountains. It is a characteristic of the association Asplenio-Primuletum hirsutae (Lüdi 1921) Br.-Bl. 1934.

Systematics

The first publication of Primula hirsuta was made in 1773 by Carlo Allioni in Auctuarium ad Synopsim Methodicam Stirpium Horti Regii Taurinensis , page 10. The specific epithet hirsuta is hairy.

Primula hirsuta belongs to the sub-section Euauricula from the section Auricula in the sub-genus Auriculastrum within the genus Primula .

The hairy primrose ( Primula hirsuta ) is one of the two parent species of the hybrid auricula ( Primula × pubescens ). There are also the following nature hybrids : Primula hirsuta × Primula daonensis and Primula hirsuta × Primula integrifolia .

literature

  • Primula hirsuta All., Hairy primrose. In: FloraWeb.de. (Sections Description and Occurrence)
  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner: Flora Helvetica , 4th edition Bern 2007, ISBN 978-3-258-07205-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  737 .
  2. ↑ Primula hirsuta at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  3. ↑ a b c Primula hirsuta in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 12, 2018.
  4. ↑ a b Primula hirsuta at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Retrieved October 12, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Hairy Primrose ( Primula hirsuta )  - Collection of pictures, videos, and audio files