Berlin wheat beer

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Berliner Weissbier is a top-fermented beer that is brewed with a large proportion of wheat malt . The fermentation takes place with a mixed culture of top-fermenting yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) and lactic acid bacteria . In addition, other yeasts, in particular Brettanomyces bruxellensis , can be involved in fermentation and maturation . As a rule, Berliner Weissbier is a draft beer . Berliner Weisse is a synonym for Berliner Weißbier and a designation of origin that only Berlin breweries are allowed to use.

history

The origins

Franz Skarbina : Wheat beer serving in the backyard garden - garden of the Berlin wheat beer brewery Gabriel & Jäger , around 1878

Berliner Weissbier probably has its origin in the 16th century. According to the popular legend, it should have emerged from the "Halberstädter Broyhan"; But the Schöps wheat beer from Breslau could also have served as a model. Berlin brewers later changed the recipe and produced white beer , which "surpassed its role models in terms of taste and digestibility". This "Berlinisches Weitzenbier" was first mentioned in 1680 (according to another source 1642). After 1700 it became the favorite drink of Berliners. Entrepreneurs like Breithaupt in Palisadenstrasse ran successful specialty breweries. By 1800, as a beer after Pilsner was still unknown, there were approximately 700 white beer halls in Berlin.

According to a widespread legend, the soldiers of Napoleon I are said to have called the Berlin wheat beer "Champagne du Nord" at the beginning of the 19th century when they were in Berlin as occupation troops.

Landré family

Charles Fréderic Edouard Landré (1791-1843) came from a Huguenot family . At the end of the 17th century, his family had fled from Gien on the Loire to Geneva because of their belief . He soon moved on to Berlin and in 1835 acquired the already existing wheat beer brewery at Stralauer Straße  36. His widow Johanna Landré continued to run the company until 1852. Then her eldest son Charles Adolphe Landré took over the brewery. In 1856 Johanna Landré acquired another brewery - the "Kluge'sche Weissbierbrauerei" - which was located at  3 Münzstrasse . It was successfully managed by their youngest son, Jean Charles Landré . The wheat beer brewery on Münzstraße was  relocated to Straßburger Straße 6–9 in 1870/71 , where the Landré family's malthouse was located before . This became the Berliner Weissbierbrauerei AG . In 1917, long after the Landré brothers' death, the two wheat beer breweries were merged. Landréstraße in the Berlin district of Kaulsdorf has been a reminder of the work of the family since 1909 .

present

In recent decades, the merger of breweries (" Berliner-Kindl-Schultheiss-Brauerei ") resulted in the cessation of production of various Berlin wheat beers. In the meantime, only the Berliner Kindl Weisse was produced, although Brettanomyces yeast was not used in its production . Since the 2010s, the production of Berlin wheat beers has been revived by smaller breweries such as Berliner Berg, Brlo, Lemke and Schneeeule .

Mixed drinks

Berlin wheat beer with Waldmeister

For a long time it was unusual to enjoy Berlin wheat beers as mixed drinks. At best, the beer was drunk together with caraway schnapps or grain as a “white with a string”. At the beginning of the 19th century, the Berlin brewer Josty is said to have added herbs to the beer, primarily woodruff . Later, the addition of raspberry or woodruff syrup prevailed; both were first mixed in the glass (“red or green”) and served with a straw. At the beginning of the 21st century, ready-made mixtures in bottles are increasing in breadth and quantity. With the falling beer consumption since the 1990s, the range of mixed beer beverages on offer increased in general . There are ready-made mixtures of Berlin wheat beer with black currant, sour cherry, elderflower or piña colada, usually as an additive.

literature

  • Gustav Stresemann : The development of the Berlin bottled beer business. Dissertation from the University of Leipzig, Leipzig 1900, ( archive.org ).
  • Franz Schönfeld: The Berlin wheat beer . In: ders .: Top-fermented beers and their production. Paul Parey Publishing House, Berlin 1938, pp. 149–160.
  • Frank-Jürgen Methner : About the aroma formation in Berlin wheat beer with special consideration of acids and esters. Dissertation at the Technical University of Berlin, Berlin 1987.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Definition according to the keyword "Berliner Weißbier" in the glossary in Die Berliner Weisse - A Piece of Berlin History , Gerolf Annemüller , Hans J. Manger , Peter Lietz (eds.), 2nd expanded edition, VLB , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3- 921690-86-4 , p. 324
  2. ↑ Keyword “Berliner Weisse ” in the glossary in Die Berliner Weisse - A Piece of Berlin History , 2nd expanded edition, p. 324. There it goes on to read: “Some labels are 'Weisse' or 'Weissbier'. This spelling is wrong after DUDEN, but some manufacturers have registered this spelling as a trademark with the Imperial Patent Office and its successor organizations, currently the German Patent and Trademark Office, and partially confirmed it. "
  3. ↑ Ludwig Narziß , Werner Back, Martina Gastl , Martin Zarnkow: Abriss der Bierbrauerei , John Wiley & Sons , 2017, ISBN 3527696733 , online
  4. ↑ bierundwir.de ( Memento from March 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ↑ Berliner Weisse - light and refreshing
  6. ↑ Landré . In: General housing gazette for Berlin, Charlottenburg and surroundings , 1840. “Landré, Braueigen, Stralauerstr. 36, owner ”.
  7. ↑ Breweries . In: General Housing Gazette for Berlin, Charlottenburg and its surroundings , 1854. "Bavarian beer / bitter beer / brown beer / potato beer / malt beer / porter beer / Werdersches beer / 13 white beer breweries: including: Landré in Stralauerstraße 36 and Kluge in Münzstr. 3, furthermore: Beer in Stralauerstr. 4–6, FWA Bötzow in Neue Königstr. 18, LABolle in French Street. 9/10, GFBugge in Klosterstr. 10, Conrad in Zimmerstr. 40, FWDietz in Niederwallstr. 7, G. Dietz in Friedrichstrasse. 128, Haack in Neue Königstr. 32, Kagermann in Köpnickerstr. 96, Radike in neue-Grünstrasse 11, Richter in Rosenthalerstr. 51 ".
  8. ↑ Rolf Gänsrich: The Berlin wheat beer brewery AG. In: prenzlberger-ansichten.de, 2015
  9. ↑ Landréstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )
  10. ↑ Brenda Strohmaier: The woman who gives the capital a sour thing again. ICONIST, September 14, 2018, accessed August 20, 2020 .
  11. ↑ Berliner Weisse - Berliner Berg. Retrieved August 20, 2020 .
  12. ↑ BRLO label Berliner Weisse. Retrieved August 20, 2020 .
  13. ^ Budike Weisse - Lemke Berlin. Retrieved August 20, 2020 .
  14. ↑ Schneeeule Brauerei GmbH Berlin. Retrieved August 20, 2020 .