Bignasco

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Bignasco
Bignasco coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of TicinoCanton of Ticino Ticino (TI)
District : Vallemaggia districtw
Circle : Rovana district
Municipality : Cevioi2
Postal code : 6676
former BFS no. : 5303
Coordinates : 690 122  /  132613 coordinates: 46 ° 20 '20 "  N , 8 ° 36' 33"  O ; CH1903:  six hundred and ninety thousand one hundred and twenty-two  /  132613
Height : 443  m above sea level M.
Area : 81.43  km²
Residents: 298 (December 31, 2005)
Population density : 4 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.cevio.ch
Bignasco at the confluence of the Bavona and Maggia rivers (right)

Bignasco at the confluence
of the Bavona and Maggia rivers (right)
map
Bignasco (Switzerland)
Bignasco
w w
Parish before the merger on October 22, 2006

Bignasco is a fraction of the political municipality Cevio in the district of Rovana, in the district of Vallemaggia in the canton of Ticino . Until October 22, 2006, Bignasco was a separate political municipality with the «La Presa» faction .

geography

The territory of Bignasco consisted of two separate parts. On the one hand the village (443 m above sea level) at the confluence of the Maggia and Bavona, 28 km northwest of Locarno. On the other hand, the hamlet of San Carlo (960 m above sea level) in the Bavona valley belonged to the municipality. Of the total area of ​​8143 hectares, 63% are unproductive areas (mountains and water) and 29% are covered by forest and wood. Only 7% of the area can be used for agriculture. The remaining 0.4% is settlement area.

history

Bignasco was first mentioned in 1230 under the name Bugnascho . The municipality appears under its current name in a document from 1364. In the Middle Ages, the municipality belonged to the Roana superior area . It participated with a larger contingent in the expulsion of the Walser in 1484. From the early 16th century until 1798 it was part of the Ennetbergische Vogteien . After that, Bignasco belonged to the canton of Lugano until 1803 . Since then, Bignasco has been part of the canton of Ticino as part of the Vallemaggia district (Maggia valley) .

Merger with neighboring communities

On October 22, 2006, Bignasco was merged with Cavergno and Cevio to form the municipality of Cevio. The merger planned for January 23, 2005 had to be postponed because a lawsuit was still pending before the federal court . In April 2006, the Bignasco municipality's complaint against the forced merger was dismissed by the federal court.

population

Population development

Population development
year 1596 1669 1801 1850 1858 1900 1920 1950 2000 2005
Residents 900 (with Cavergno) 103 fireplaces 215 202 232 179 143 186 306 298

In contrast to other municipalities in the Maggia Valley, Bignasco was able to keep its population of around 220 people until 1870. This was followed by a wave of emigration to Holland (temporary) and California (permanent) until the beginning of the First World War . Nevertheless, the community lost comparatively few residents (1870–1910: −17%). The 1910s were the only decade with mass emigration (1910–1920: −23%) to a historic population low of 143 people. This hardly changed in the interwar period. After the end of the Second World War , the population grew until 2000: (+ 107%). The reason was the better economic opportunities within the community. Since 2000, the population has stagnated at just over 300 people.

languages

The population speaks its own Italian dialect. Due to the larger number of jobs, there was a strong immigration that is noticeable in language behavior. While in 1970 98% of the residents stated Italian as their main language, in 2000 it was only 80%. In addition to the growth in the German language group from 0.5 (1970) to 9% (2000), it was mainly Portuguese and Serbo-Croatian that increased.

Religions - denominations

In earlier times the entire population belonged to the Roman Catholic Church. This has changed as a result of leaving the church and immigration from other regions in Switzerland and abroad. Today (as of 2000) there are 85% Roman Catholic, 3.27% Evangelical Reformed and 2% Orthodox Christians. There are also 3% non-denominational and 1% Muslim (mostly Bosniaks). 5% of the population gave no information about their creed.

Origin - nationality

Of the 306 inhabitants at the end of 2004, 236 (= 77%) were Swiss citizens. At the last census, only 72% were Swiss nationals - including 13 people with dual citizenship. The largest groups of immigrants come from Italy, Portugal, Serbia-Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Latin America.

economy

After the economy concentrated on agriculture, cattle breeding and cheese making for centuries, the use of hydropower, which began in the 1960s, brought infrastructure and jobs. Nevertheless, a high level of commuting has started. While more than 77% of the locals worked in Bignasco in 1970, it was only 48% in 1990 and only 41% in 2000. The majority of commuters work in other municipalities in the Maggia Valley, 18 in Locarno and four in Losone. The number of commuters fell sharply between 1990 and 2000 - from 92 to 46 people. For the first time in a long time, the locals occupy the majority of jobs in Bignasco (55%). Over 50% of all employed people from Bignasco already earn their wages in service professions. In the past, industry (stone quarrying, hydropower plants) and commerce provided the majority with a livelihood (today still over 40%).

tourism

Between 1890 and the beginning of the First World War, numerous foreigners came to Bignasco. The reason was on the one hand the construction of the Hotel du Glâcier and above all the commissioning of the Maggia Valley Railway Locarno-Bignasco .

traffic

Bignasco was the terminus of the Locarno-Ponte Brolla-Bignasco railway , which was closed in 1965 and connected Bignasco with Locarno .

Today it is connected to the public transport network by line 10 of the FART, Locarno-Cavergno . There are two post bus routes from Bignasco. One in Val Bavona ( Bignasco-Foroglio-San Carlo ) and one in Val Lavirazza ( Bignasco-Fusio ).

Attractions

The village image is classified in the inventory of protected sites in Switzerland (ISOS) as a site of national importance in Switzerland.

  • The parish church of San Michele was consecrated for the first time in 1401, then on September 22, 1606 and restored in 1838, 1853 and 1904. The picturesque decoration by Luigi Faini and Carlo Morgari dates from 1929.
  • Old stone bridge called romano
  • Old stone bridge called della Merla
  • Old stone bridge over Calneggia
  • Cascata di Bignasco waterfall
  • In the district of San Carlo, the village of Prèsa di San Carlo, which has been abandoned for centuries
  • Shell stone in the Corona delle Croci district

Personalities

  • Zane (Giovanni) Del Ponte (* around 1480 in Bignasco; † after 1514 there), son of Cristoforo, sack master of the Maggia Valley
  • Giacomo Francesco Lotti (* 1759 in Bignasco; † April 26, 1814 in Bellinzona ), Swiss judge and Ticino politician, judge
  • Giacomo Angelo Lotti (born October 1, 1784 in Bignasco, † October 30, 1850 in Bellinzona), Swiss lawyer and Ticino Grand and State Councilor
  • Franco Zorzi (born August 24, 1923 in Bellinzona, † September 4, 1964 in Bignasco (now the municipality of Cevio)), politician, councilor
  • Flavio Del Ponte (* 1944), war surgeon, founder of the Accademia del Master Europeo di Medicina di Catastrofe in Geneva
  • Carla Del Ponte (born February 9, 1947 in Bignasco), Swiss lawyer and former Swiss ambassador to Argentina
  • Daniele Lotti, economist, President of the Società Elettrica Sopracenerina and the Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC)

literature

Art history
  • Piero Bianconi : Bignasco. In: Arte in Vallemaggia. Istituto Editoriale Ticinese, Bellinzona 1937, pp. 29, 45; the same: San Carlo. In: Ibidem. P. 46.
  • Simona Martinoli u. a .: Guida d'arte della Svizzera italiana. Edizioni Casagrande, Bellinzona 2007, pp. 237, 248, 258, 259, 260.
  • Johann Rudolf Rahn : I monumenti artistici del medio evo nel Cantone Ticino. Tipo-Litografia di Carlo Salvioni, Bellinzona 1894, pp. 67-68.

  • Bignasco core

  • Stone bridge over the Maggia

  • Parish Church of San Michele

  • San Rocco Chapel 1597

  • Presa di San Carlo

  • Oratory in Presa di San Carlo

  • Frescoes in Presa di San Carlo

  • Santa Maria del Monte

  • Paese vecchio with granary

  • Granary (Torba) from 1438

  • Maggia Gorge above Bignasco

  • Waterfall in Bignasco

Web links

Commons : Bignasco  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bignasco-La Prèsa in portal.dnb.de (accessed on: June 18, 2016.)
  2. ^ Daniela Pauli Falconi: Bignasco. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . June 26, 2017 .
  3. ^ Daniela Pauli Falconi: Bignasco. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . June 26, 2017 .
  4. ^ Società della Ferrovia Locarno-Ponte Brolla-Bignasco in portal.dnb.de (accessed on: June 18, 2016.)
  5. ↑ List of sites of national importance , directory on the website of the Federal Office of Culture (BAK), accessed on January 10, 2018.
  6. ↑ a b c d e Simona Martinoli u. a .: Guida d'arte della Svizzera italiana. Published by Society for Swiss Art History GSK, Edizioni Casagrande, Bellinzona 2007, ISBN 978-88-7713-482-0 , pp. 258-259.
  7. ↑ Martino Signorelli: Storia della Valmaggia. Pp. 323, 325, 329,398.
  8. ↑ Cascata di Bignasco on ethorama.library.ethz.ch/de/node
  9. ^ Franco Binda, Locarno 2013, p. 24.
  10. ^ Marina Bernasconi Reusser: Zane Del Ponte. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . April 3, 2003 , accessed February 24, 2020 .
  11. ^ Fabrizio Mena: Giacomo Francesco Lotti. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . February 26, 2008 .
  12. ^ Fabrizio Panzera: Giacomo Angelo Lotti. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . November 24, 2006 .
  13. ^ Andrea Ghiringhelli: Franco Zorzi. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 19, 2012 .
  14. ↑ Franco Zorzi in portal.dnb.de (accessed on: June 18, 2016.)
  15. ↑ Flavio Del Ponte (Italian) in oltreconfiniti
  16. ↑ Carla Del Ponte (Italian) at ti.ch/can/oltreconfiniti (accessed on September 29, 2016).
  17. ↑ Carla Del Ponte in portal.dnb.de (accessed on: June 18, 2016.)
  18. ↑ Daniele Lotti (Italian) at rsi.ch/rete-uno/programmi/intrattenimento (accessed on February 21, 2017).