Bitterbach

Bitterbach main line upper course: Teufelsgraben
Bitterbach in the Bitterbach Gorge near Rudolfshof
Data
Water code	DE : 242278
location	Bavaria District of Nürnberger Land City of Lauf an der Pegnitz Rückersdorf community
River system	Rhine
Drain over	Pegnitz  → Regnitz  → Main  → Rhine  → North Sea
Headwaters	of the Teufelsgraben south of the LAU 16 Simonshofen - Neunhof 49 ° 33 ′ 7 ″  N , 11 ° 14 ′ 59 ″  E
Source height	approx.  369  m above sea level NHN
muzzle	when running from the right and north into the lower Pegnitz coordinates: 49 ° 30 '8 "  N , 11 ° 15' 56"  E 49 ° 30 '8 "  N , 11 ° 15' 56"  E
Mouth height	approx.  314  m above sea level NHN
Height difference	approx. 55 m
Bottom slope	approx. 8 ‰
length	6.9 km  with orienteering Teufelsgraben
Catchment area	18.66 km²
Communities	EZG only : Günthersbühler Forst , Rückersdorfer Forst

The Bitterbach is a 7 km long creek together with its main course upper course Teufelsgraben in the urban area of Lauf an der Pegnitz in the district of Nürnberger Land in northern Bavaria , which flows between Lauf itself and its village Wetzendorf from the right and north into the lower Pegnitz .

geography

The name run of the Bitterbach begins between the Laufer districts of Vogelhof and Rudolfshof at the confluence of the somewhat shorter but catchment-rich left Teufelsgraben and the right Ochsenpriel . According to another opinion, the Teufelsgraben section, which is understood here as part of the left upper course, is already called Bitterbach from the inflow of the first larger tributary Schwarzwinkelgraben near Veldershof .

Upper course Teufelsgraben

The Teufelsgraben is created in the small valley forest bar, which the road from Neunhof to Simonshofen (LAU 16 ) crosses southeast of the Binsenberg ( 410  m above sea level ), at about 369  m above sea level. NHN . The Teufelsgraben initially runs south in its valley basin, which soon runs into another forest valley basin from the right in the direction of Neunhof, over which the state road St 2240 descends into the valley, which mostly follows the stream to the right almost to the end. From here the stream moves almost to the southeast. Shortly before Veldershof begins the open valley corridor, in which, accompanied by a tree gallery, he passes the old town center on its northeastern edge between some ponds, to be strengthened by the water of the Schwarzwinkelgraben , which the courtyards of the now smaller part of the settlement with a clear gap from a newer settlement around the Kornblumenweg separates and also runs from Talwald in the northeast.

Hereinafter, open at the edge of the hospital forest which the Teufelsgraben permeates thereafter, from the other side the two shorter inflows Wasiggraben and Igelsbach that the slope of the hill left ridge between Simonshofen and Kuhnhof arise. Then in the corridor around the Seiboldshof the brook flows again between trees south to a left tributary on the northern edge of Vogelhof, which begins its course in the hillside forest close to Kuhnhof. The stream now runs in numerous meanders in a wider belt of trees between the settlement parts of Vogelhof on both sides and on to just before Rudolfshof, where it joins the Ochsenpriel coming from the right . From here, at the latest, the stream is now called Bitterbach .

Upper course Ochsenpriel

The Ochsenpriel is just the lower course of a stream system, the longest spring strand of which begins at the hamlet of Hub east of the Ochsenkopf ( 440  m above sea level ) in a forest hollow and is called the Nüschwiesengraben . This soon flows south through the forest and at the edge of the forest, feeds a few ponds and passes under the small village of Nuschelberg , which lies to the left above the valley that is already deeply deepened here. Then it flows southeast through a wide valley meadow east of Günthersbühl, from where the district road LAU 14 from Günthersbühl to the state road in the Teufelsgraben- and Bitterbachtal runs to the right of it, and unites in the re-emerging forest with the right Steinberggraben , which from the eastern Günthersbühler Forst is coming. From this confluence to 341  m above sea level. NHN is the name of the stream Ochsenpriel and now runs east-southeast. It also takes up the longer border ditch running on the edge of the Günthersbühler Forst from the right just a little north of Rudolfshof and, after crossing under the St 2240, it merges with the Teufelsgraben.

course

The - according to the opinion given here about the section names - at 331  m above sea level. NHN between Vogelhof and Rudolfshof and opposite a small drinking water protection area west of the Kunigundensiedlung, the Bitterbach flows roughly in a south-south-east direction and immediately passes a waterworks in the corner of the mouth of a small left inlet. From now on to the mouth of the river, it always has close contact with the settlement areas of the city of Lauf; it initially continues to meander through a narrow strip of valley forest. At the lower end of the Kotzenhof, which is mainly on the right, there is also a row of houses on the left side of the run in the street Am Bitterbach. Then the state road changes at the inlet of the small forest stream along the Philosophenweg to its left side and the Brunnwieselgraben joins from the right, which drains large parts of the Rückersdorfer Forest mainly via its inflow Kreuzgraben , which has a larger catchment area.

Here the brook widens over the next 300 meters to a 1.5 hectare lake with a width of up to 50 meters, which is bordered by the Laufer open-air swimming pool on the right. After a short forest run after the lower end of the lake, the Bitterbach on Schützenstraße crosses the route of the Nuremberg – Schwandorf railway line and then runs southwest through the company premises next to Nürnberger Straße. After crossing under the driveway onto the B 14 , the Bitterbach flows out at about 314  m above sea level. NHN from the right at the city limits to Rückersdorf in the lower Pegnitz .

From the source of the Teufelsgraben, the Bitterbach is 6.9 km long , from its confluence with the Ochsenpriel to the name run it is only 3.2 km long. The total mean slope of the bed is therefore around 8 ‰, for the name run alone it is a little over 5 ‰.

Catchment area

The Bitterbach has a catchment area of ​​18.7 km². It extends from the Binsenberg ( 410  m above sea level ) above the Teufelsgraben origin northeast of Neuhof almost 6.5 km south-southeast to the mouth, across it it is at the furthest point between Kuhnhof and the Hinteren Steinberg ( 405  m above sea level ) almost 4.5 km wide. The highest point is on the northwestern tip at Hub on the summit of the Ochsenkopf ( 440  m above sea level ) a little to the west above the source of the right tributary Nüschwiesengraben – Ochsenpriel.

Here on the northwestern watershed outside the catchment area of ​​the Eckenbach , which runs to the Schwabach , which flows into the Regnitz in Erlangen , directly to the east, that of the ( Herpersdorfer ) Mühlbach , which reaches the Schwabach slightly upstream. On the left watershed of the Bitterbach, the other streams around Simonshofen in the northeast drain first to the Röttenbach , then at the longer catchment limit in the east to the nearby and parallel Massenbach , which, like the Röttenbach, flows into the Pegnitz above the Bitterbach . His right watershed from the mouth to initially divides the Rückersdorfer forestry, beyond dewatered in the southwest of Hirsch fountain trench to downward Pegnitz, then to the rest of the western edge of Steinberg in Günthersbühler timber until back to ox-head on the northwest corner leads on the opposite side the Simmelsberg Berger Gründlach via the Gründlach drains the water to the Regnitz.

The catchment area is predominantly wooded and is noticeably wider to the right of the main line due to the more important tributaries from this side. Apart from the smaller part in the community-free areas of the Günthersbühler and Rückersdorfer Forest , which reach a little distance from the right of the name run to the western watershed, the catchment area is otherwise entirely in the urban area of Lauf an der Pegnitz .

Tributaries and lakes

List of tributaries and lakes from source to mouth. With water length, lake area, catchment area and altitude. Other sources for the information are noted.

Origin of the Bitterbach at about 331  m above sea level. NHN at the confluence of Teufelsgraben and Ochsenpriel between the villages of Vogelhof and Rudolfshof von Lauf an der Pegnitz on the edge of the field a little east of the St 2240. ( ⊙ )

• Teufelsgraben, left main strand upper course, approx. 3.7 km and approx. 12.8 km². Arises at about 369  m above sea level. NHN a little south of the forest route of LAU 16 Simonshofen - Neunhof .
  • Schwarzwinkelgraben, from the right and northwest to about 345  m above sea level. NHN near the hamlet of Veldershof , approx. 1.7 km and approx. 1.8 km². Arises at about 368  m above sea level. NHN between Neunhof and Veldershof in the black angle .
  • Wasiggraben, from the left and northeast to about 344  m above sea level. NHN east of Veldershof on the edge of the Spitalwasen forest , approx. 0.7 km and approx. 0.4 km². Arises at about 362  m above sea level. NHN on the slope south-below Simonshofen.
  • Igelgraben, from the left and northeast to about 341  m above sea level. NHN northeast of the Seiboldshof on the edge of the forest, approx. 0.9 km and approx. 0.5 km². Arises at about 372  m above sea level. NHN between Simonshofen and Kuhnhof .
  • (Tributary), from the right and west-north-west, last dolted to about 338  m above sea level. NHN on the northern edge of Vogelhof, approx. 0.5 km and approx. 0.2 km². Arises at about 369  m above sea level. NHN on the wooded spur slope of the plain .
  • (Inflow), from the left and east to about 336  m above sea level. NHN on the northern edge of Vogelhof, approx. 1.0 km and approx. 0.4 km². Arises at about 379  m above sea level. NHN in a forest hollow starting just west of Kuhnhof.
• Ochsenpriel, right side branch upper course, approx. 1.4 km on the name course and approx. 4.0 km with the longer upper course Nüschwiesengraben and 6.4 km². Flows at 341  m above sea level. NHN between Günthersbühl and Rudolfshof in the forest from its source streams.
  • Nüschwiesengraben, left main line upper course of the Ochsenpriel from the northwest, approx. 2.6 km and approx. 2.6 km². Arises at about 399  m above sea level. NHN a little northeast of Hub on the eastern slope of the Ochsenkopf ( 440  m above sea level ).
  • Steinberggraben, right tributary upper course of the Ochsenpriel from the west, approx. 1.2 km and approx. 1.2 km². Arises at about 352  m above sea level. NHN northeast of the Hinteren Steinberg ( 405  m above sea level ) in the Günthersbühler Forest .
  • Grenzgraben, from the right and west-southwest to about 333  m above sea level. NHN a little north of Rudolfshof next to LAU 14, approx. 2.4 km and approx. 1.2 km². Arises at about 380  m above sea level. NHN on the south-eastern slope of the Hinteren Steinberg and is almost until the end the municipality boundary between the Günthersbühler and the Rückersdorfer forest .
  • (Inflow), from the left and east-northeast to about 329  m above sea level. NHN at the bridge of Brunnengasse across from Rudolfshof, approx. 0.7 km and approx. 0.7 km². Arises at about 345  m above sea level. NHN in a forest hollow along the southern edge of the Kunigund settlement of Lauf. There is a waterworks in the upward corner of the mouth.
  • (Bach along the Philosophenweg), from the left and northeast to about 325  m above sea level. NHN shortly before the next near the Bitterbach crossing of Eschenauer Straße (St 2240) in Lauf, approx. 0.7 km and approx. 0.6 km². Flows from a pond at about 344  m above sea level. NHN next to Hardtstrasse.
• Brunnwieselgraben, from the right and west-southwest to about 322  m above sea level. NHN at the entrance to the Laufer outdoor pool, approx. 2.0 km and approx. 2.8 km². Arises at about 368  m above sea level. NHN in the Rückersdorfer Forst am Sattel between Schmalzberg ( 406  m above sea level ) and Buchberg ( 400  m above sea level ) and flows through a gorge on the middle course.
  • Kreuzgraben, from the left and west to about 325  m above sea level. NHN on the northern edge of the Laufer sports area west of the swimming pool, approx. 2.7 km and approx. 1.9 km². Rises at about 383  m above sea level. NHN to the lower Schnackenbrunnen on the northern slope of the Buchberg and has a feed from the beech fountain at its eastern tip. Is the more important upper course of the Brunnwieselgraben.
• Flows through at about 319  m above sea level. NHN an elongated reservoir next to the Laufer open-air swimming pool, about 1.2 ha.

Mouth of the Bitterbach from the right and finally northeast to about 314  m above sea level. NHN near the entrance to Nürnberger Straße from Lauf onto the B 14 into the lower Pegnitz . The brook is around 3.2 km long here on the course of its name from the confluence of its source brooks, 6.9 km long from the source of the main course upper course Teufelsgraben and has a catchment area of ​​18.7 km².

Localities

Each on the run with their affiliations. Only the names of the lowest nesting level denote neighboring settlements.

at the Teufelsgraben:

• City of Lauf an der Pegnitz
  • Veldershof (hamlet, to the right of the Teufelsgraben)
  • Seiboldshof (wasteland, to the right of the Teufelsgraben)
  • Vogelhof (village)

on the upper reaches of the Nüschwiesengraben of the Ochsenpriel:

• City of Lauf an der Pegnitz
  • Nuschelberg (village, left on the slope shoulder)
  • Günthersbühl (village, on the right at a little distance on the shoulder of the slope)

at the name of the Bitterbach:

• City of Lauf an der Pregnitz
  • Rudolfshof (village, right)
  • Lauf an der Pegnitz (main town, initially only on the left)
  • Kotzenhof (village, right)
• Community Rückersdorf
  • Rückersdorf (Pfarrdorf, in distance on the right)

geology

The upper sources of the brook system are still in the Black Jura , which encloses the lower parts of the catchment area like a broken pair of pincers, with a Black Jura plateau extending continuously to the south as far as the land at Kuhnhof as a complete left jaw, while this is on the right side Günthersbühl suspends and then continues in the larger layer island between Hinterem Steinberg and Buchberg and the small island of Schmalzberg almost to the mouth. In front of the pincer joint, the island of Ebene near Nuschelberg also has a black jura ceiling between the two large upper reaches.

In the Zange there is no transition strip from the Jura in the Upper Keuper of the Feuerletten ( Trossingen formation ). Only far down in the catchment area does a strip of Burgsandstein ( Löwenstein Formation ) of the upper Mittelkeuper strike out on the accompanying hills, the rock formations of which in the Bachtal itself are already clearly cut above. The stream then flows into the Pegnitz floodplain sediment.

Sights and buildings

Bitterbach Gorge

The Bitterbach Gorge is a gorge cut into the Burg sandstone by the Bitterbach in a narrow forest in the northwest of the urban area of ​​Lauf, it begins on Brunnenweg in the Rudolfshof district of Lauf, follows the course of the Bitterbach in a south-southeast direction and ends at the Am Bitterbach road in the district Kotzenhof. In the Bitterbach Gorge, you can see attractive castle sandstone outcrops and incisions, steep, partially undermined gorge walls, magnificent rocks overgrown with mosses and ferns, deep crevices and holes as well as small waterfalls.

The picturesque incision was opened to the public in the early 1950s. The marked path along the stream is part of the geo-ecological nature trail Bitterbachschlucht . At 27 locations, boards along the way provide information about the importance of the forest for people, the relationships within the forest community, the formation of the Bitterbach Gorge and the threat to the natural balance. In addition, communities of native plants and animals at the stream, at the pond, in the quarry forest and a still preserved hutanger are presented.

Individual evidence

BayernAtlas ("BA")

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of ​​the Bitterbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: BayernAtlas of the Bavarian State Government ( notes )

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Height requested on the background layer Official map (right click).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Height according to black lettering on the background layer of the official map .
3. ↑ ^{a b} Length measured on the official map background layer .
4. ↑ The area of ​​the lake measured on the official map background layer .
5. ↑ Catchment area measured on the official map background layer .
6. ↑ Height according to the blue lettering on the official map background layer .
7. ↑ Geology (strongly generalized) according to the layer geological map 1: 500,000 .
8. ↑ Location of the Bitterbach Gorge in the Bavaria Atlas (accessed on July 7, 2015)

Water directory Bavaria ("GV")

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Length according to: List of brook and river areas in Bavaria - Main river area, page 52 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 3.3 MB) (number of pages may change.)
2. ↑ Catchment area according to: Directory of brook and river areas in Bavaria - Main river area, page 52 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 3.3 MB) (number of pages may change.)

Others

1. ↑ Geo-ecological nature trail Bitterbachschlucht on www.lauf.de (accessed on July 7, 2015)

Web links

Commons : Bitterbach  - Collection of Images

• Map of the course and catchment area of ​​Teufelsgraben and Bitterbach on: BayernAtlas of the Bavarian State Government ( information )
• Map of the course and catchment area of ​​Teufelsgraben and Bitterbach on: Map service water management, FGN Bavarian State Office for the Environment ( information )
• Bavarian State Office for the Environment: Basic data on flowing waters of Bavaria