Bluebeard hummingbird

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Bluebeard hummingbird
Blue beard hummingbird ♂

Blue beard hummingbird ♂

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Tribe : Lampornithini
Genre : Sun seeker ( Heliomaster )
Type : Bluebeard hummingbird
Scientific name
Heliomaster furcifer
( Shaw , 1812)

The blue- bearded hummingbird ( Heliomaster furcifer ), sometimes also called the red-headed hummingbird , is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae) that is found in Bolivia , Paraguay , Brazil , Argentina and Uruguay . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern . The species is considered to be monotypical .

features

Blue beard hummingbird ♀

The blue-bearded hummingbird reaches a body length of about 12.6 to 13 cm, with a weight of 5 to 6.5 g. The male has a long, slightly curved black bill. The crown of the head, the nape of the neck and the upper area of ​​the top is emerald green, the rest of the top is shimmering copper green. The throat glitters purple, the side neck feathers are a little longer. The underside has an ultramarine shimmer. The forked, pointed tail is dark green on top and blue-green on the underside. In July after brooding, the males develop a plain dress with a grayish underside, like the females do. In October it will have its splendor again . The female is copper green on top. The throat is gray with dark spots as it gets older. The underside is gray with a white line in the central abdominal area. Green sequins decorate the side. The tail is only slightly forked and its top is bronze-green. The central tail feathers merge into black towards the rear. The underside of the tail shimmers blue-green, the outer feathers have white tips. Young animals resemble the females.

Behavior and nutrition

Bluebeard Hummingbird takes its nectar of flowering belt flower plants , legumes , ginger family , bromeliads plants , lily plants , bluebells plants , verbena plants and cactus plants . Foraging takes place in the strata at 2 to 8 meters above the ground. In winter it was observed in Minas Gerais mainly on Pyrostegia venusta and occasionally on Ceiba speciosa . In the Pantanal he flew to Ceiba pubiflora at the same time . In summer it is considered an important pollinator of Dolichandra cynanchoides in Chaco Province and southern Brazil. He hunts insects in flight by chasing them. Males are territorially aggressive in defending nectar-rich feed .

Vocalizations

The song of the blue- bearded hummingbird consists of a declining whistled tsip sound that it repeats at intervals.

Reproduction

The blue-bearded hummingbird breeding season is from November to March. The goblet-like nest consists of soft fibers and is decorated with lichen on the outside. This builds in 3 to 6 meters above the ground. The clutch consists of two eggs that weigh approx. 0.6 g and are approx. 15.5 × 9 mm in size. The incubation period is 15 to 16 days and incubation is carried out exclusively by the female. The chicks are black with a grayish stripe on the back. The nestlings fledge after 20 to 25 days. The first brood occurs in the second year of life of the birds.

distribution and habitat

Distribution area of ​​the blue-bearded hummingbird

The blue-bearded hummingbird prefers forest edges, cerrado and lowland grass plains. These are located in central eastern Bolivia in the departments of Cochabamba and Tarija , in Paraguay and in the south of central and southern Brazil in Mato Grosso , Goiás , Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul and the north of Argentina south to the province of Catamarca , province of Córdoba , as well as in the north of the province of Buenos Aires and in Uruguay. Individual reports of observations come from Leticia , the east of the province of Napo and from Acre .

migration

Little is known about the migration behavior of the blue-bearded hummingbird. At least scattered there seem to be migrations. The reports in the areas in the extreme southeast of Colombia, the east of Ecuador and the extreme west of Brazil could be traced back to migration behavior. The occurrence in the extreme north of the distribution area could also indicate migration behavior of non-breeding specimens.

Etymology and history of research

The bluebeard hummingbird was first described in 1812 by George Shaw under the scientific name Trochilus Furcifer . The type specimen referred to Félix de Azaras Bec-fleurs à queue ciseaux and came from Paraguay. It was in 1850 Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte who introduced the new Heliomaster genus . This Greek word structure is made up of the words “hēlios μεταλλον ” for “sun” and “mastēr μαστερ ” for “seeker”. The species name "furcifer" is a Latin word formation from "furca" from "fork with two prongs" and "ferre, -fera" for "to carry".

literature

  • Karl-Ludwig Schuchmann , Peter Boesman, Guy Maxwell Kirwan in: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal , David Andrew Christie , Eduardo de Juana: Blue-tufted Starthroat (Heliomaster furcifer) in Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • George Shaw: General Zoology, or systematic natural history . With plates from the first authorities and most select specimens, engraved principally by Mrs. Griffith. tape 8 , no. 1 . Thomas Davison, London 1812 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte: Conspectus generum avium . tape 1 . EJ Brill, Leiden 1850 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Félix de Azara, Charles Athanase Walckenaer, Georges Cuvier, Charles Nicolas Sigisbert Sonnini de Manoncourt: Voyages dans l'Amérique Méridionale, by Don Félix de Azara. Depuis 1781 jusqu'en 1801; contenant la description geographique, politique et civile du Paraguay et de la rivière de la Plata; l'histoire de la découverte et de la conquête de ces contrées; des détails nombreux sur leur histoire naturelle, et sur les peuples sauvages qui les habitent. Publiés d'après les manuscrits de l'auteur, avec une notice sur sa vie et ses écrits par CA Walckenaer; enrichis de notes by G. Cuvier. Suivis de L'histoire naturelle des oiseaux du Paraguay et de la Plata, par le même auteur, traduite d'après l'original espagnol, et augmentée d'un grand nombre de notes par M. Sonnini; accompagnés d'un atlas de vingt-cinq planches . tape 4 . Dentu, Paris 1809 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Web links

Commons : Bluebeard hummingbird ( Heliomaster furcifer )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  2. a b c d e f Karl-Ludwig Schuchmann u. a.
  3. George Shaw, pp. 280-281
  4. Félix de Azara, pp. 93-94
  5. ^ Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte (1850), p. 274.
  6. James A. Jobling, p. 188
  7. James A. Jobling p. 166.

Remarks

  1. Bonaparte arranged the genus following species: Blaubart Hummingbird ( Heliomaster furcifer ( Shaw , 1812)) (Syn: Ornismya Angelae , the Rose-throated Hummingbird , the violet-throated Hummingbird ( Heliomaster squamosus ( Temminck , 1823)) (Syn: Trochilus mesoleucus ), the Rubin Kolibri ( Clytolaema rubricauda ( Boddaert , 1783)) (Syn: Trochilus rubineus ) and brown-bellied brilliant hummingbird ( Heliodoxa rubinoides ( Bourcier & Mulsant , 1846))).