Borbyer Church
The Evangelical Lutheran Borby Church is a listed field stone church in Borby , a district of Eckernförde in the Rendsburg-Eckernförde district ( Schleswig-Holstein ). The community belongs to the parish of Rendsburg-Eckernförde in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany .
History and architecture
The church is visible from afar on the Petersberg, on the site of a former refuge . This castle was abandoned before construction began on the church. Remains of the castle complex, ramparts and the enclosed cemetery have been preserved. The construction of the building probably began between 1150 and 1180. Abundant field stones served as building material in the area . The stones were walled up in a disorderly manner, and they were split in two to build the corners. This process is called Jutian-Scandinavian construction, the wall thickness is between 1.10 and 1.30 meters, the mortar consisted of lime and sand. No foundation was laid in the older part . The window arches were made of burnt bricks. The windows on the north wall are still in their original condition. The building was initially plastered and whitewashed. The entire Eckernfördes area and its surrounding area were probably initially part of the Borby parish . The existence of a church in Eckernförde has only been documented since 1220.
The building was accessed through two portals; the women's portal on the north side is bricked up today; the man door is the arched portal on the south side. The round arch is supported by two reddish granite columns. The tympanum made of light sandstone, between the lintel and the round arch, shows a sketch of a bearded bishop in regalia. In his outstretched left hand he carries a book, presumably the Bible, in his right hand he carries a crosier. A lamb lies next to the bishop as a symbol of Christ. The bishop can be a patron saint of the church, but this cannot be proven.
Due to a wave of settlements at the end of the 13th century, an extension by two yokes to the west was necessary, the measure is still clearly visible today in the exterior. The walls of square stone cut into shape are regularly layered over a foundation and divided by early Gothic pointed arch windows. The beamed ceiling in the interior was replaced by a vault and the round arch that separates the nave and choir was expanded. The small rectangular door in the choir, the so-called priest gate , was removed in the 19th century. From 1663 the sacristy was used as a burial place for the von Qualen , Brockdorff and Schmidt families , who owned the Windeby estate . The burial place , laid out as a barrel-vaulted crypt, was accessed by a stone staircase; it was filled in in 1948. The windows in the choir and in the south wall of the nave were enlarged in 1866 and made of ashlars.
The carpenters' initials and the year 1680 have been preserved on one of the central beams in the interior. At this time, after the Thirty Years War, a renovation was carried out. The wooden galleries on the north side were built in in the post-Reformation period and demolished again in 1966. Extensive renovations have been carried out in the interior over the past few decades and attempts have been made to restore the original condition. The old wooden ceiling is visible again. The old tower room was renovated from 1988 to 1989, here are the memorial plaques for those who died in the Second World War .
Pastor Johannsen and his wife donated an edition of the Elector's Bible from 1641 by the printer Wolfgang Endter from Nuremberg in 2004 . The Bible was formerly known as the Weimar or Ernestine Bible, and eleven engravings with portraits of Saxon princes are included. It is shown in a showcase in the old tower room.
West tower
In the 15th century, thick brick walls were built up as an extension of the nave to create a stable foundation for a church tower. On a city view from 1588 by Frans Hogenberg and Georg Braun , the view is shown with the new tower. On July 10, 1595, lightning destroyed the tower, and it took until 1643 to restore it. The top of the tower fell victim on February 21, 1718, a hurricane tore it down, and in 1724 it was replaced by a gable roof. Since repairs were always necessary, the tower was removed down to the height of the ship in 1807 and united with the roof of the building. A new tower was built between 1893 and 1894, and the west wall was renovated at the same time. Extensive renovation work on the tower took place in 1953, 1971, 1978 and 2007. In the meantime, renewed need for renovation is evident due to the grout.
Furnishing
The interior is closed off by a flat wooden beam ceiling. The floor is covered with ocher tiles. The simple, wooden church stalls in gray frame leave a central aisle free.
The Romanesque baptismal font , which was made from Gotland limestone in Sweden around 1200, is an important piece of equipment in the field stone church . It shows scenes from the birth of Jesus. Maria is not lying on straw, but on a wooden bed. Joseph is standing next to her , he is carrying an oil lamp in his left hand. An arm with anointing oil extends down from heaven . Herod sits on a throne , he watches the three kings riding away , who later pay homage to the child. The child sits on his mother's lap, who is shown as the queen of heaven . The inside of the basin is lined with copper . The brass bowl that is used today for baptisms was donated by Margaretha von Leuenburg in 1720.
The high altar was built in 1686 by H. Henning Reventlow, Knight I. Königigl. Maje. to Denmark, Norway, privy councilor (= secret) and district administrator, Amptmann zu Flensburg, heir to Hemmelmark and Glasow and Fru Margaretha Reventlowen born Rumorin donated. The design of the baroque altar was the responsibility of a master from the Eckernförde carving school , whose name has not been passed down. It is assumed that Hans Gudewerdt III. created the altar. The altarpiece rises over four floors. It shows stations from the life of Jesus, beginning with the Last Supper and ending with the Resurrection. The sheet is framed with columns, on the sides there are figures of the evangelists Luke and Mark. In the center is the carved representation of the Passion of Christ, symbolized by an angel with a hammer and the tools of the Passion. Most of the altar devices were donated by the Brockdorff and von Qualen families in the 18th century . The earlier silver altarpieces were the prey of looters during the Thirty Years' War.
The wooden, polygonal pulpit from around 1690 is a lot simpler than the altar, but its frame and style are adapted to it. The main fields show Christ raising his hand in blessing, and the four evangelists in gilded round arches between twisted columns. Winged angel heads are depicted in rectangular fields above the figures. The pulpit rests on an octagonal foot. The pulpit cover is not preserved.
A late Gothic triumphal cross , which was originally located in the choir arch, hangs on the north wall. During a renovation in 1990, it was found that the rosettes are ornamentally decorated and do not show the evangelists. The painting depicting the Last Judgment also hangs on the north wall. It shows Christ in front of a rainbow. He is dressed in a red coat. The painter Magnus Paulsen took the citizenship oath in Eckernförde in 1726, his dedication is preserved in the left corner: I gave this to this church .
The votive chandelier was made in 2003 by the metal designer Heiner Marten. The chandelier in the ship was donated by Prince Heinrich of Prussia ; his Hemmelmark estate belonged to Borby.
A bell from 1767 has been preserved from the old bell , it was cast by the bell founder Johann David Kriesche from Eckernförde. Today it serves as a prayer bell. The other three bronze bells were melted down during World War I and replaced by steel bells in 1927 . The steel bells were in service until 2004, when they were removed due to corrosion. In December, a new bell based on the original one was hung. These two new bells come from the Petit & Edelbrock workshop and are named Peace and Hope. It is driven by a linear drive using induction technology.
organ
A first organ was purchased in 1834 and built by the organ builder Ohrt. The next instrument was built in 1925 by W. Sauer Orgelbau from Frankfurt an der Oder. The first sound improvements and modifications were necessary in 1945. The current organ is the third instrument; it was built in 1978 by the Berlin-based Schuke organ building company . Some old pipes were reused. The parapet organ is installed in the north side of the west gallery and has a six-axis structured prospect . Two elevated round towers alternate with two pointed towers and two flat fields. 18 stops are distributed over two manuals and pedal. The disposition is as follows:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
graveyard
Since construction began, the church stood in the middle of a cemetery that is still used for burials today. The oldest surviving tombstone dates from 1692, it stands together on the south side of the choir. A burial site from 1796 and some tombstones in the style of late classicism have been preserved nearby. The old morgue is now used as a lapidarium , the sarcophagi from the former crypt under the sacristy are located here. The sarcophagus for Colonel Christian von Leuenburg, who died in 1722, was brought here from the tower room in 2005. The sarcophagus is adorned with the head masks of dying warriors, a large family coat of arms, flag trophies and hunting symbols.
literature
- Hartmut Beseler: Art Topography Schleswig-Holstein , Neumünster 1974, p. 195f
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments . Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein . 3rd revised and updated edition, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-422-03120-3 , p. 236
- Margarethe Luise Goecke Seischab: The most beautiful churches in Germany . Anacondaverlag 2013 ISBN 978-3-7306-0013-9 .
- Klaus Dieter Harte-Hepp: The church in Borby . Ed. Borby Parish, 2nd edition 1992.
Web links
- Pages of the parish
- Indoor shot. In: www.eckernfoerde-panorama.de. Archived from the original on April 12, 2014 ; accessed on February 14, 2016 .
- Outdoor shot
Individual evidence
- ↑ Regional Church
- ↑ Petersberg
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Church leaders
- ↑ Borby Church Letter, June / July 2018
- ^ Margarethe Luise Goecke Seischab: The most beautiful churches in Germany. Anacondaverlag 2013, ISBN 978-3-7306-0013-9 , p. 18.
- ↑ directly attributed to Kunstindeks Danmark
- ^ Organs
Coordinates: 54 ° 28 ′ 38.9 " N , 9 ° 50 ′ 18.8" E