Buchhorst (Braunschweig)
Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 46.3 " N , 10 ° 35 ′ 51.6" E
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The Buchhorst is an approximately 250 hectare mixed deciduous forest area in the east of Braunschweig , the northern part of which belongs to the Riddagshausen nature reserve and the southern part of which has been designated as a landscape protection area since 1968 . The two parts are separated by the Braunschweig – Magdeburg railway line .
geography
location and size
The Buchhorst lies east of Riddagshausen and the honeycomb lowland , which extends here from southeast to northwest. The Legdenanger lies between the village and the forest . In the north, the forest is bounded by the Weddeler Graben , which flows into the honeycomb in Riddagshausen and supplies and drains the pond area to the north. In the northeast, the depression of this trench extends to the city limits, to which the district of Weddels adjoins. In the east the forest borders almost on the Feldmark of Klein Schöppenstedt and is bordered in the south by the former federal road 1 (now district road K 140 in the Wolfenbüttel district ). The Braunschweiger Ebertallee runs between the forest and the Wabetal and is the western border at the level of the level crossing.
The main axis of the forest, which runs roughly parallel to the Wabetal, is formed by the Nehrkornweg and its earlier extension to Klein Schöppenstedt and is around 2.5 kilometers long. The width of the forest area is around 1.5 kilometers.
Geology and altitude information
The forest area lies on a loess-covered formation of mixed Jura rock , which is largely surrounded by ice-age deposits. In the area of the Mönchsteiche clay marlstone from the Cretaceous period occurs and extends further to the southeast. In the valleys of Weddeler Graben and Wabe / Mittelriede there are typical modern floodplain deposits of sand, clay, gravel and silt. The area naturally belongs to the Weddeler Hügelland (natural area 624.11), a sub-area of the East Brunswick lowlands . The southern border of the forest is at the same time the natural border to the southern east Brunswick hill country .
In the Buchhorst the terrain rises from about 75 m above sea level. NHN in the lowlands up to 93 meters in the northeast near Legdenanger and in the southern part up to over 100 meters in the direction of Klein Schöppenstedt. There is a clear gradient to the west, which the streams from the Mönchsteiche and the Kauleteich follow towards Wabe.
history
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The territory of today Buchenhorst belonged as well as the Riddagshäuser ponds for possession of the monastery Riddagshausen , but it was still a Pasture. With the establishment of the Grüner Jäger restaurant in the 18th century, the interest of the Braunschweig townspeople in this local recreation area apparently grew , so that in 1821 walking paths and in 1838 a forest botanical garden , today's Arboretum Riddagshausen , were created. It was not until 1881 that the planned reforestation to form a mixed deciduous forest and then the cultivation of conifers took place.
The Braunschweig – Helmstedt railway line was laid across the forest from 1872 and today cuts it into the northern and southern parts. A not insignificant part of the arboretum was sacrificed to this line. With the expansion of the Braunschweig-Schöninger Railway from 1900, another swath was cut through the forest, namely between the Schapen train station at Schäfer's Ruh and today's Aquarius restaurant at the Kauleteich. These tracks including the bridge over the Helmstedt route were dismantled from 1971 and the embankment was partially used as a walkway.
The establishment of the Reichsjägerhof from 1934 required additional areas of forest and arboretum, but also resulted in the dedication of the forest and pond area as a nature reserve . The remaining part was designated as a landscape protection area in 1968.
Current condition
Management
Today the forest is predominantly owned by the Braunschweigischer Kulturbesitz Foundation as the administrator of the former monastery properties. The forest area is mainly characterized by deciduous forest with old oaks , birches and beeches interspersed with coniferous forest areas.
In the northeast of the Buchhorst there is a natural forest parcel that has been removed from forestry use. The forest is left to its natural development here. The natural forest parcel has existed since October 1984, initially from a 20.6 hectare section. In 1996 it was expanded to 33 hectares.
The former arable land Holzkamp has been fallow since 1984 to the northwest of the Buchhorst . A birch-shaped pioneering forest has developed on this site through natural succession , slowly followed by oaks, ash trees and beeches.
Local recreation and leisure activities
Like the Riddagshausen ponds, the entire Buchhorst is a popular recreational area for walks and bike rides because of its proximity to the city. Until the 1970s there was still a forester's house and the “Waldschänke” restaurant in the northern part, and the “Waldhaus” on Ebertallee was another excursion restaurant. The development in the nature reserve was later abandoned and new restaurants settled in the outskirts.
In the nature reserve, diverse exploration trails with information boards and opportunities to linger have been set up, which indicate the biodiversity worth protecting. The "Waldforum Riddagshausen" (opposite the Green Hunter) operated by the Lower Saxony State Forests offers a variety of events and guided tours. Other associations also organize adventure tours day and night.
The European long-distance hiking trail E6 leads through the eastern and southern parts of the Buchhorst.
Buchhorst Memorial
In the Buchhorst there is a number of former bullet traps that served as the end of military shooting ranges . Nine of them were erected before 1900, the remaining two in the 1930s. They each have an opening ten meters wide and five meters high. The older bullet traps are bricked, the two newer ones made of concrete. Originally, the openings were to prevent ricochets covered with wood and tar paper. The Bundeswehr used the shooting range until 1962.
During the time of National Socialism , shootings of deserters , resistance fighters and prisoners of war took place here. Most of the records were destroyed, so it is not clear how many people were executed. It is assumed that there were at least four people, according to other sources at least nine people between 1940 and 1945. A memorial has been set up at this point to commemorate the victims . The Braunschweigischer Kulturbesitz Foundation is the owner of the area.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ City of Braunschweig, Environment Agency, Dept. of Environmental Planning and Prevention (Ed.): Environmental Atlas Braunschweig. Braunschweig 1998, OCLC 64642115 .
- ↑ Luitgard Camerer, Manfred RW Garzmann, Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf, Norman-Mathias Pingel (eds.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon. Joh. Heinr. Meyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1992, Volume I, p. 49, ISBN 3-926701-14-5 .
- ↑ Map (JPG, 270 kB). Retrieved March 30, 2016.
- ↑ a b Die Buchhorst - Wirtschafts- und Naturwald ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 88 kB) , information sheets from the Riddagshausen nature conservation center. Retrieved September 28, 2012.
- ^ Forest forum Riddagshausen. Retrieved February 17, 2017 .
- ↑ Shooting range in the Buchhorst In: Da Capo, the city illustrated for Braunschweig. February 2002, p. 35.
- ↑ Place of execution in the Buchhorst shooting range. Retrieved February 9, 2017 .
- ↑ Buchhorst Memorial. Retrieved February 9, 2017 .
