Burchardia
| Burchardia | ||||||||||||
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Burchardia umbellata , golden inflorescences |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the tribe | ||||||||||||
| Burchardieae | ||||||||||||
| JCManning & Vinn. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Burchardia | ||||||||||||
| R.Br. |
Burchardia is the only genus of the tribe Burchardieae within the plant family of the timeless plants (Colchicaceae). The six or so species are common in Australia .
description
Appearance and leaves
Burchardia species grow as perennial herbaceous plants . As storage organs , these geophytes form underground sprouts that are covered with parchment-like scales. The roots can be bulbous. The above-ground parts of the plant are bare. The upright stems are leafy.
There are usually one to five basal, rarely alternate, spiral or two-line arranged, sitting leaves on the stem , which are divided into leaf sheath and leaf blade. The simple leaf blade is folded, linear or lanceolate and parallel-veined.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescence stem is simple or has one to four branches. One to four bracts are under the inflorescence. The flowers are rarely single or usually up to twenty in terminal, dold-like inflorescences . There are flower stalks. Cover sheets are missing.
The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and threefold. The six identical bracts are free. The color of the bracts is green to greenish or white to pink, depending on the species. Nectaries are mostly present near the base of the bracts . There are two circles with three fertile stamens each. The free stamens inserted at the base of the bracts are short and somewhat flat. The dorsifix, freely movable anthers are bent outwards and open with longitudinal slits. Three carpels are fused together to form an upper, three- chamber ovary. Each ovary chamber contains some ovules in a central angular placentation . The short stylus splits into three stylus branches.
Fruits and seeds
The septicidal capsule fruits contain some seeds. The angular seeds contain oily endosperm and have a brown seed coat (testa) due to phytomelans . The straight embryo has one cotyledon ( cotyledon )
Systematics and distribution
Of the six Burchardia species, five are found only in Western Australia and one is widespread in all Australian states except the Northern Territory and Western Australia.
The genus Burchardia was introduced in 1810 by Robert Brown in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae. P. 272. set up. Type species is Burchardia umbellata R.Br. The generic name Burchardia honors the German botanist Johann Heinrich Burckhard (1676–1738). Synonyms for Burchardia R.Br. are Reya Kuntze and Burckhardia T.Post & Kuntze orth. var. Burchardia R.Br. is conserved according to ICBN rules (Vienna ICBN Art. 14 & App. III) (nom. cons.) compared to the parahomonym (Vienna ICBN Art. 53.3) Burcardia Heist. ex Duhamel 1755 nom. rej. Another homonym is Burchardia Neck. published in Noël Martin Joseph de Necker : Elementa botanica .... 2, 1790, p. 76 as a genus within the Myrtaceae.
Burchardia is the only genus of the tribe Burchardieae JCManning & Vinn. within the family Colchicaceae DC. ; it was formerly in the Burchardiaceae Takht families . , Liliaceae and Uvulariaceae. The tribe Burchardieae was created by Annika Vinnersten and John C. Manning in A new classification of Colchicaceae. In: Taxon. Volume 56, Issue 1, 2007, pp. 163-169.
There are about six types of Burchardia :
- Burchardia bairdiae Keighery : It occurs in west-southwest Western Australia .
- Burchardia congesta Lindl. : It occurs in southwestern Australia.
- Burchardia monantha Domin : It occurs in southwestern Western Australia.
- Burchardia multiflora Lindl. : It occurs in southwestern Australia.
- Burchardia rosea Keighery : It occurs in western Western Australia.
- Burchardia umbellata R.Br. : It occurs in south-eastern Australia in all states except Northern Territory and Western Australia.
use
From burchardia umbellata the underground plant parts are eaten raw or cooked. The taste is not classifiable. It contains a similar amount of starch as in raw potatoes.
Name declaration
The generic name Burchardia honors the German doctor and city physician in Wolfenbüttel Johann Heinrich Burckhard (1676–1738), the brother of Johann Georg Burckhard .
literature
- GJ Harden: Entry in the New South Wales Flora Online . (Sections Description and Distribution)
- J. Gathe & Leslie Watson, 2008: Entry in the Western Australian Flora . (Section description)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Burchardia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved June 28, 2018.
- ↑ a b c d e f J. Gathe & Leslie Watson, 2008: Entry in the Western Australian Flora . Retrieved March 21, 2013
- ↑ a b c d e f GJ Harden: Entry in the New South Wales Flora Online . Retrieved March 21, 2013
- ↑ a b c d Entry in Australian Plant Name Index = APNI. Retrieved March 21, 2013
- ^ First publication of Burchardia scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
- ↑ a b Burchardia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed March 21, 2013.
- ^ A b Burchardia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved March 21, 2013.
- ↑ Entry in Plants for A Future = PFAF. Retrieved June 28, 2018
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-946292-10-4 . doi: 10.3372 / epolist2016 .
