Burgstall Burschel

Burgstall Burschel
Distant view over Höbing to Burschel
Creation time :	High Middle Ages
Castle type :	Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status:	Castle stable, neck ditch and remains of the foundation wall have been preserved
Place:	Greding - Untermässing "Auer Berg"
Geographical location	49 ° 5 '1 "  N , 11 ° 16' 57.9"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 5 '1 "  N , 11 ° 16' 57.9"  E
Height:	510  m above sea level NN

The Burgstall Burschel is a disused high medieval aristocratic castle in the district of Roth , Bavaria , Germany .

The Burgstall is at 510  m above sea level. NN , southwest of the Untermässing part of the Middle Franconian community of Greding . The hilltop castle , originally encompassing seven  hectares , once rose in the Gewann Brühl, which lies on the edge of the plateau of the Auer Berg above the confluence of the Thalach and the rear Schwarzach .

Geographical location

The site of the former castle is about 6.6 km northwest of the center of Greding and about 1.30 km southwest of the Catholic parish church of Sankt Leodegar in Untermässing at 516.3  m above sea level. NN high Auer Berg . This mountain rises above the valleys of the Thalach in the south or its tributary of the Erlesgraben in the west and the Schwarzach in the east. To the north-northwest it joins the elongated mountain over a saddle of 553.2  m above sea level. NN high Kuhberg. With the exception of the saddle to the Kuhberg, which is only a few meters lower, the strongly oval crest of the Auer Berg , which extends roughly from north-northwest to south-southeast, drops steeply around 120 meters into the valleys on all sides  .

Neighboring objects

There are also other former medieval castles in the vicinity: about four kilometers to the northwest is the castle site of the abandoned Landeck Castle , which was owned by the Lords of Thalmässing. 3.70 kilometers north-north-west is another possibly medieval fortification above the nearby town of Schwimmbach at 527.3  m above sea level. NN high knoll in the beaver wood. A little further in this direction are the Altenberg castle stables and the Stauf castle ruins above the village of the same name. To the west on the so-called Leite there is also a fortification registered on maps as Burgstall, which is probably a prehistoric facility, also to the south-east on the Brandfeld (nine fire graves ), east of Waizenhofen , and on the Reuther Platte . To the southeast, in the village of Hausen, was the site of a tower hill castle . To the north was on the 525.2  m above sea level. NN high Lämmerberg another castle site, a little further the castle ruins Hofberg or also called Obermässing. The tower hill Gutser Schloss , from which a mighty tower hill has been preserved, was six kilometers to the northeast .

history

Only a few hundred meters away there are settlements and burial places from the Stone , Bronze and Pre-Roman Iron Ages . The find horizons end in the second century AD. The Limes was only a few hours' walk south, times became too restless and settlement was abandoned. It was not until the Carolingian period that archaeological findings began sporadically. Little is known about the castle itself. The exposed location above the confluence of the Thalach and Schwarzach rivers made it possible to control the important trade route between Ansbach and Regensburg. The stately and originally almost seven hectare complex suggests some prosperity and probably served as a refuge for the surrounding area at the time of the Hungarian invasions . Since the 12th century it has been known as the residence of the local lords of Höbing to the south . The medieval castle complex was built on the edge of a large prehistoric ring wall that occupied the entire plateau of the Auer Berg. Only the U-shaped neck ditch and some remains of the foundation wall of the inner building have survived from the hilltop castle ; the site is now protected as a ground monument.

description

The area of ​​the medieval castle complex was on the edge of the plateau in the southeast corner of a 400-meter-long and about 70-meter-wide ring wall from prehistoric times. The Burgstall is separated from the mountain plateau by a U-shaped neck ditch. This trench begins on the eastern edge of the slope of the plateau or the ring wall and stretches along 50 meters to the west, then bends around 90 degrees to the south and runs in this direction about 40 meters to the southern edge of the plateau. After another bend, now going east again, the ditch then extends for another 25 meters and then runs out into the mountainside. The south-east side of the roughly rectangular castle area with cut-off south-east corner, which is not protected by the moat, is formed by the plateau edge. The neck ditch is about four to five meters deep.

On the site of the former castle, the foundations of several wall sections have been preserved, they show that the castle was surrounded by a curtain wall. The area within this circular wall was divided into two by an internal wall, in the western area there are further foundations, probably the main residential building of the castle. In the south-west of this castle area there are still round remains of the foundation with a diameter of nine meters, possibly the place of a tower. To the east of the inner wall there was a chapel that was also abandoned until the 17th century , the patronage of which was dedicated to St. Nicholas .

The ground monument recorded by the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments as “fortifications and burial mounds of prehistoric times, medieval castle stables” has the monument number D-5-6933-0060.

and display information about the image

Burgstall Burschel - general view from the west (July 2013)

literature

• Ingrid Burger-Segl: Archaeological Hikes, Volume 2: Middle Altmühltal . Verlag Walter E. Keller, Treuchtlingen 1993, ISBN 3-924828-57-1 , pp. 97-101.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Location of the Burgstall in the Bavaria Atlas
2. ↑ According to the entries of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
3. ↑ According to the entries of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
4. ↑ Ingrid Burger-Segl: Archaeological Hikes, Volume 2: Mitteles Altmühltal , p. 99
5. ↑ Source description: Ingrid Burger-Segl: Archaeological walks, Volume 2: Mitteles Altmühltal , p. 97 ff.
6. ↑ List of monuments for Greding (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 175 kB)