Undermassing

Undermassing City of Greding Coordinates: 49 ° 5 ′ 21 ″  N , 11 ° 17 ′ 54 ″  E
Height :	397 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	333  (Dec 9, 2019)
Incorporation :	January 1, 1972
Postal code :	91171
Area code :	08463
Undermassing

Untermässing is a municipality of the city Greding in Middle Franconia , the district of Roth in Bavaria .

location

The parish village is 7 km north of Greding in the Schwarzachtal . To the east, the terrain rises towards the southern Franconian Jura. To the north of the village, the Eichelbach and south the Thalach flow from the right into the Schwarzach. From the left, the Schmiedackerbach, which runs through the town center, flows towards it.

Place name interpretation

Karl Kugler interprets the basic form “Mässing” of the place name as “the property of Mazzo”.

history

Several prehistoric burial mounds and a prehistoric section fortification as well as the Burschel castle stables near Untermässing are considered archaeological landmarks .

"Niedern Messing" was first mentioned in a document in 1090. With the extinction of the Counts of Hirschberg , the Gaimersheim arbitration award of October 19, 1305 gave the Bishop of Eichstätt high jurisdiction over "Nidermezzingen" . The rulership of the village was acquired by the Eichstätt Monastery under Bishop Gabriel von Eyb (1496–1535) from the Lords of Morspeck / Morsbach . In 1334 Ulrich von Morspeck sat at Niedermässing Castle , in 1351 Ulrich von Morsbach, and in 1439 Ulrich der Morspeck. In 1337 the brothers Konrad and Friedrich von Heideck founded a perpetual mass in Obermässing and gave, among other things, six Jauchert farmland to “Niedermässing”. According to a document from 1430, Köbler and Äcker in Untermässing were awarded to Wigileis / Wiguleus Rauscher, a Sulzbürgisch - Wolfstein servant, as a Bavarian fief of the Hirschberg district court . 1477 Hadmar quarreled of Absberg and Heinrich von Morsbach to book (= force book ) due to the establishment of a Schenk instead in Untermässing. When Bishop Wilhelm von Reichenau confirmed the monastery chaplaincy of the Marienstein monastery near Eichstätt in 1488 , the endowments also included income from a farm in Niedermässing. In 1493, Kilian Harder, chaplain of Karl von Absberg, founded a St. Sebastian brotherhood on the fourth altar of the church of Untermässing at the entrance to the pulpit. In 1518 a Hans Rechler (later: von Rechlerstein) sat as a judge in Untermässing. In the peasant war of 1525, one of the leaders of the rebellious peasants was Hans Spieß von Untermässing.

In 1541, the bishopric acquired Untermässing Castle under Bishop Moritz von Hutten and then sold it to Georg Gabriel von Stieber / Stüber, who rebuilt or rebuilt it. This "Stieberschlößlein" bought the bishopric under Bishop Martin von Schaumberg again in 1579 and gave it as a fief to cathedral dean Gotfried von Wirsberg , Friedrich Eyb zu Eybburg , Melchior Ponschab, Korona Sabina von Roth (1602), the Wildensteiner, Rittmeister Jakob Walz and the beer brewer Dengler. The castle was demolished around 1753; the last remains were given below value in 1912.

In 1556 and 1557, stone atonement crosses had to be erected , among other things, for two murders that were committed in and near Untermässing . According to a Salbuch from 1563, a court belonged to the cathedral dean of Eichstätt. In 1589 the bishopric bought the village; one house was sold to Hans Ernst von Wildenstein in 1628. A village picture around 1600 shows two churches; nothing is known of the second. According to the vernacular , it is said to have stood “by the linden tree” (road to Höbing ). In the Thirty Years' War almost the whole place burned down, including the rectory. According to a report by the pastor of Obermässing from 1682, Untermässing was "burned down for the fourth time at this time."

At the end of the Old Kingdom , Untermässing consisted of 55 properties that were subject to the high judiciary and, with regard to village and community rulership, to the high judicial office of Greding. The judge's office in Greding was also the landlord of a farm, a mill, eight estates and 19 estates in the village. The Hochstiftischen Kastenamt Obermässing owned a farm in Untermässing, two half farms, six Köblergüter, seven Seldengüter and five Gütl. The third landlord was the Eichstätter cathedral chapter, it ruled over four subjects who sat on three estates and a house in Untermässing. In addition to these properties, the village also included the church, the rectory, the school and sacristan's house and the shepherd's house. In 1783 and in subsequent years, the prince-bishop's court chamber granted the teacher (and sacristan) three fathoms per year with the condition that poor children be taught free of charge.

When the Eichstätt monastery was dissolved in the course of secularization in Bavaria , Untermässing and the now former lower bishopric came to Grand Duke Archduke Ferdinand III in 1802 . from Tuscany and 1806 to the new Kingdom of Bavaria and there to the district court of Beilngries . On July 31, 1808 Untermässing was combined with the neighboring hamlet "Weiler", first mentioned in 1489, and in 1809 it was added to the Obermässing tax district. In 1811 the tax district was divided into two rural communities , namely Obermässing and Untermässing (with hamlet). The parish edict of 1818 left it at that.

In 1807 an important meteorite fall occurred near Untermässing . It was the only iron-nickel meteorite in Bavaria. The Brocken, which weighs almost 80 kilograms and was only discovered in 1920, can be seen in the Natural History Museum in Nuremberg.

→ Main article : Meteorite fall Untermässing (1807)

In 1846 there was “1 brewery, 1 surgeon, 1 mill, 1 innkeeper, 1 baker, 1 carpenter, 2 shopkeeper, 1 butcher, 1 shepherd, 1 blacksmith, 2 tailor, 1 shoemaker.” In 1857 the communities of Obermässing and Untermässing became with another six municipalities removed from the Beilngries regional court and assigned to the nearby Greding regional court. In 1875 there were officially 16 horses and 298 head of cattle in a population of 300. In 1902 a new school and sacristan's house was built, which is now a monument and used as a parish hall; the old schoolhouse was demolished to expand the cemetery. By 1950 the population had reached a temporary high due to the influx of displaced persons and refugees.

As part of the regional reform in Bavaria , the municipality of Untermässing was incorporated into the city of Greding on January 1, 1972.

Population development

• 1830: 253 (59 households) (hamlet: 20 inhabitants in 6 properties)
• 1875: 300 (198 buildings)
• 1900: 299 (64 residential buildings) (hamlet: 27 residents in 7 residential buildings)
• 1938: 344 (with hamlet)
• 1950: 428 (75 households) (with hamlet)
• 1961: 366 (79 residential buildings)
• 1987: 321 (86 residential buildings, 100 apartments)
• 2014: 358

Parish Church of St. Leodegar

Catholic parish church of St. Leodegar

In 1480 the parish of St. Leodegar is mentioned with the branches Lohen , Offenbau and Österberg ; the right of patronage was held by the von Absbergs. From 1493 to 1602 there was a brotherhood of St. Sebastian. From 1692 to 1696, the church of the former fortified church in Untermässing was extended to 13 × 10 meters by Johann Baptist Camesino from Obermässing according to plans by the builder Jakob Engel , arched and an octagonal upper floor with a helmet and lantern was placed on the square tower from the Romanesque period ; the consecration took place on September 16, 1696. The "splendid high altar" (Dehio) shows a late Gothic statue of Our Lady from around 1500. A crucifix with the Mother of Sorrows on openwork acanthus tendrils was created in 1715/20. In 1729 bells, cast by Laubscher in Ingolstadt , came into the tower; they were replaced in 1906 by two new bells from Oberascher in Munich, and a bronze bell from Hamm in Regensburg was added in 1924/25. Today the bell is four-part. The Rosary Brotherhood , which was established in 1701 and still exists today, procured a splendid monstrance from Augsburg in 1738 , which shows the 15 rosary secrets worked in enamel . In 1791 a way of the cross came into the church; In 1802 two tabernacles were given for Ochsenfeld and Biesenhard . In 1922 a 12-register organ from Bittner, Eichstätt, was placed on the arched west gallery, with the case from 1772 from the Willibald Choir of Eichstätt cathedral being reused.

In 1877 a stone column with an image of Mary on the Schwarzach-Aue was replaced by a chapel with an iron Madonna in a halo by the builder veterinarian Alois Schillinger.

Former school building monument

Marterl, reminiscent of an accident in 1873

Architectural monuments

In addition to the parish church, the Schillinger chapel, two wayside shrines , the rectory from 1686, a former inn, the former schoolhouse diagonally across from the church and rectory and a farmhouse are listed as monuments .

See also architectural monuments in Untermässing

nature

NSG Bach and Schluchtwald

Sinter terraces Untermässing

To the north of the village is the Bach and Schluchtwald nature reserve near Untermässing . To the east in the so-called Heinrichsgraben , which runs from Untermässing in a south-easterly direction, lime sinter terraces have formed over a length of about 100 meters in the small Schmiedackerbach , which are designated as geotope no. 576R003 and protected landscape component.

traffic

Untermässing is east of the A 9 federal motorway , the next junction is Greding. The village is on the district road RH 27 , which begins in the south of the village and continues in a northerly direction to Obermässing. From the south comes the state road St 2391 , which bends west in the village. In an easterly direction a connecting road leads to the district road RH 28 . A cycle path was built between Obermässing and Untermässing in 2011.

There is an eight-kilometer circular hiking trail no. 8 that leads from Untermässing to Kleinnottersdorf and back.

societies

• Untermässing volunteer fire brigade
• German youth force (DJK) Untermässing, sports club
• Boys' association "Edelweiß" Untermässing
• Catholic Workers' Movement (KAB) Untermässing
• Nursing Association Untermässing
• Warrior and Soldier Association Untermässing
• Nature and hiking enthusiasts Obermässing and Untermässing

literature

• Gerhard Hirschmann: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part of Franconia. Row I, Issue 6. Eichstätt. Beilngries-Eichstätt-Greding. Munich 1959
• Franz Xaver Buchner: The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume I: Eichstätt 1937, Volume II: Eichstätt 1938
• Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria I: Franconia. 2nd, revised and supplemented edition, Munich: Deutscher Kunstverlag 1999
• Out and about together. Churches and parishes in the district of Roth and in the city of Schwabach , Schwabach / Roth undated [2000]

Web links

Commons : Untermässing  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• [6] The parish church bells on glockenklaenge.de

Individual evidence

1. ^ Karl Kugler: Explanation of a thousand place names of the Altmühlalp and its surroundings. One try. Eichstätt 1873: Verlag der Krüll'schen Buchhandlung, p. 124 (No. 365)
2. ↑ Hans Wolfram Lübbeke and Otto Braasch: Monuments in Bavaria. Middle Franconia: Ensembles, architectural monuments, archaeological site monuments , Munich 1986, p. 461
3. ↑ ^{a b} Together ..., p. 81
4. ↑ Franz Heidingsfelder (arrangement): The Regesta of the Bishops of Eichstätt , Erlangen: Palm & Enke 1938, p. 418 (No. 1346)
5. ↑ Hirschmann, p. 31
6. ↑ Buchner II, p. 651; Collecting sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 5 (1890), p. 35; 92/93 (1999/2000), p. 123
7. ↑ Buchner II, p. 288
8. ↑ Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 53 (1937), p. 112
9. ↑ Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 53 (1937), p. 90
10. ↑ Buchner I, p. 238
11. ↑ Pastoral Journal for the Diocese of Eichstätt 9 (1862), p. 220
12. ↑ Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 53 (1937), p. 114
13. ↑ Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 39 (1924), p. 45
14. ↑ Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 7 (1892), p. 34
15. ↑ Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 11 (1896), p. 31, note 4; 44, p. 55 (1929); Buchner II, p. 651
16. ↑ Buchner II, p. 652
17. ↑ Hirschmann, p. 147
18. ↑ Buchner II, p. 654
19. ↑ Collection sheet of the Histor. Eichstätt Association 45 (1930), p. 109
20. ↑ Hirschmann, pp. 169, 231
21. ↑ [1] Natural History Museum Nuremberg
22. ^ Eduard Vetter: Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Ansbach 1846, p. 56
23. ↑ Hirschmann, pp. 182, 231
24. ↑ ^{a b} Kgl. Statistical Bureau in Munich (edit.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria , Munich 1876, column 1164
25. ↑ Buchner II, p. 655
26. ↑ [2] genealogy.net
27. ↑ ^{a b} Hirschmann, p. 231
28. ^ Locations directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria with alphabetical index of locations , Munich 1904, column 1226
29. ↑ Buchner II, p. 656
30. ^ Official register of places for Bavaria. Territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census , Munich 1964, column 798
31. ↑ Official directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 , Munich 1991, p. 347
32. ↑ [3] geding.de
33. ↑ Buchner II, p. 651
34. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 653-656; Dehio, p. 1049; Together ..., p. 81 f.
35. ↑ Buchner II, p. 655; Information board at the chapel
36. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated December 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Kreisheimatpfleger-roth.de 
37. ^ [4] Bayer. State Office for the Environment
38. ↑ [5] Directions on greding.de