Landerzhofen

Landerzhofen City of Greding Coordinates: 49 ° 3 ′ 39 ″  N , 11 ° 23 ′ 25 ″  E
Height :	525 m above sea level NHN
Area :	6.13 km²
Residents :	211  (9 Dec 2019)
Population density :	34 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	January 1, 1972
Postal code :	91171
Area code :	08463
Landerzhofen on the Jura plateau

Landerzhofen, half-timbered barn near the church

Landerzhofen, war memorial in the cemetery tower

Landerzhofen is a district of the town of Greding in the Central Franconian district of Roth .

location

The church village is located on the plateau of the southern Franconian Jura in the Altmühltal nature park, northeast of the Greding municipality, on the 2336 state road leading from Greding to Berching .

history

In the early Middle Ages the village seems to have belonged, at least in part, to the Franconian estate of Greding. "Landoltshoven" (= the courtyards of Lantold) was first mentioned in a document in 1289, in a legal dispute between the Bishop of Eichstätt and the Seligenporten monastery over their village property. In the contract about the Hirschberg inheritance between Eichstätt and Bavaria from 1305 the place is not mentioned, but claimed by Eichstätt; this is shown by the Eichstätter arbitration ruling of 1306, which the village court assigned to the Reichslandvogtei Nuremberg . However, this right did not prevail and was probably given to the bishopric with Greding through a donation from King Heinrich in 1311 . From then on, the village was subject to the high court bailiwick of the Hirschberg - Beilngries district . In 1490 the Neumarkt Count Palatine Otto II tried to change the legal situation again, but without success.

In addition to the bishop, the landlords in the village were the lords of (Hilpolt-) Stain , in 1741 the Wolfsteiner zu Sulzbürg , since 1289 with half a farm belonging to the lords of Stauf and since 1403 the Seligenporten monastery , which Holy Cross Monastery of the Dominican Sisters in Regensburg , the early mass in the village donated in 1440 and equipped with former Wolfstein goods ( added to the Greding chaplain from 1600 ), in 1644 the Hofmark Erasbach with a field property and several self-owned farmers. The bishops gave their property in fief to the Emmendorfer and in their successor to the Absbergers zu Rumburg and to the taverns of Geyern zu Stossenberg . In 1383 Berta von Stein, who came from the Gundelfinger family, compared herself to the Eichstätter cathedral chapter because of the tithe in Landerzhofen, Attenhofen and Herrnsberg . The episcopal possessions increased when Bishop Friedrich IV ( von Öttingen ) in 1398 von Sweiker (Schweiger) the Younger von Gundelfingen twelve farms and riding in Landerzhofen from the former possessions of Toerringer and Hilpolt II von Stein as well as the large and small Zehent von Landerzhofen acquired. The Hirschberger Salbuch from 1447 lists 16 vogtable Landerzhof properties. The possession of the Regensburg Dominican Sisters came to the bishop in 1585 with the inheritance of the Hirnheimers , who had bought the two properties in 1560. They were now also subject to the Hirschberg Nursing Care, but continued to pay interest to the Jettenhofen caste office. The episcopal fiefs had reverted to the bishopric by 1644 . Some of the properties fell victim to the Thirty Years War . At the end of the 18th century, the episcopal nursing office in Hirschberg had 18 households in Landerzhofen under itself.

Until the secularization of 1802, Landerzhofen, together with the neighboring town of Attenhofen and five other places, was subject to the marriage custody of Hirschberg, the holding of which alternated with Landerzhofen, Haunstetten and Badanhausen , and with regard to village and community rulership together with Attenhofen as a municipality to the caste office Beilngries of the upper office of Hirschberg ; The latter exercised the high judiciary. Of the 21 properties in Landerzhofen itself - Attenhofen consisted of 16 properties - 18 smaller estates were subordinate to this office, while one property each belonged to the judges' office in Greding and Kastanmat Sulzbürg; the shepherd's house was communal.

During the secularization, the lower bishopric, to which the Oberamt Beilngries-Hirschberg and thus also the municipality of Landerzhofen / Attenhofen belonged, came to Grand Duke Archduke Ferdinand III in 1802 . from Tuscany and 1806 to the Kingdom of Bavaria and there to the regional court of Beilngries . In 1809 Landerzhofen, Attenhofen and the former Plankstetter Birkhof were formed into the Landerzhofen tax district ( rural community from 1811 ). In 1839 a school house was built by the community; In 1919 the school service and the sacristan service were separated, the sacristan meadows reverted to the church foundation.

On October 1, 1857, the municipality of Landerzhofen was incorporated into the Middle Franconian regional court and rent office in Greding. In 1875 14 horses and 100 cattle were kept in the village of Landerzhofen. In 1900, Landerzhofen as a municipality had a total of 739 hectares of 242 inhabitants and thus one inhabitant more than 25 years earlier; a total of 35 horses, 284 head of cattle, 192 sheep, 276 pigs and 20 goats were counted in their three villages. In 1961 206 people lived in the community, 106 of them in Landerzhofen itself.

In the course of the Bavarian regional reform , Landerzhofen joined the municipality of Greding on January 1, 1972.

Population development of Landerzhofen (only the church village)

• 1830: 115 (21 properties)
• 1875: 127 (64 buildings)
• 1900: 108 (21 residential buildings)
• 1937: 107
• 1950: 128 (22 properties)
• 1961: 106 (22 residential buildings)
• 1987: 088 (23 residential buildings, 24 apartments)
• 2017: 198

Filial church St. Thomas with cemetery tower

Filial church St. Thomas, high altar

Filial church St. Thomas, seating group "Meeting of Christ with Thomas"

Filialkirche St. Thomas, Arma Christi-Kreuz on the south wall

Catholic branch church St. Thomas

At least since the Romanesque period (12th / 13th centuries) there has been a local church of St. Thomas as a branch of the original parish of St. Martin in Greding. In 1308 a church consecration took place. In 1355 the church was granted indulgence on 36 festivals. In 1417 a measurement foundation was made by Georg and Katharina von Landerzhofen. In 1440, Bishop Albrecht confirmed the foundation of an early mass by the residents of Landerzhofen and Attenhofen. Until 1495, the Wolfsteiners had the right to present the early mass, then they exchanged it with Bishop Wilhelm von Reichenau for rights in Ebenried. In 1600 the widum was given to the chaplain in Greding. For 1602 one learns that the early knife's house in need of repair was rented to a day laborer and that the early knife is now also the provisional (living in Greding) of the hospital church of the Holy Sepulcher (St. Magdalena) in Greding. In 1680 the church tower burned down by lightning; the upper floor was then renewed. In 1700 a path chapel "Coronation of Mary" was built on the road from Greding to Landerzhofen.

The choir tower church , which is common in the region , was expanded to the west to 17 × 6 meters by Johann Baptist Camesino in 1702 and a new sacristy was added in 1708 . The church was given an unusual appearance ("picturesque construction group", Mader, Geschichte, p. 207) by adding a stairwell to the gallery on the south side of the nave between a late Gothic two-storey cemetery tower with stepped gables and a gable roof , so that a stairwell was added to the gallery South widening (except for a high cross unadorned) west facade results. The cemetery wall of the fortified church is no longer preserved in its original height and has had to give way to the baroque extension of the church in the west .

In the choir tower (with pointed helmet) under the baroque cross vault there is a two-column high altar from the beginning of the 18th century, the altarpiece of which was painted by Sebastian Prem in Greding in 1790 . In the same year the church received a white ceiling. The two-columned side altars are classicistic with rococo echoes and also show pictures by Sebastian Prem. The baroque pulpit from the end of the 17th century shows old evangelist images. Of the furnishings, a group of wooden figures "The encounter of Christ with Thomas" from 1330 to 1350 should be mentioned, a "very rare, iconographically interesting representation with seated figures" (Mader, Kunstdenkmäler, p. 218; a replica by the Eichstatt sculptor Wieland Graf is in the parish church of Möning ). The church also houses a Madonna, a St. Margareta and a St. Sebastian , all late Gothic around 1510–1520, a crucifix with the Mother of Sorrows (around 1720) and a St. Wendelin (classicistic, early 19th century). In 1923 an organ from the Steinmayer company in Oettingen came into the church. Two bells each adorned with a frieze are noteworthy: one from 1706 by Wolfgang Wilhelm Schelchshorn, one from 1801 cast by Joseph Stapf in Eichstätt.

The Mount of Olives group in a chapel on the southern outer wall of the nave shows carved wooden figures from the end of the 15th century; underneath there is a Karner .

Landerzhofen has belonged to the original parish of Greding since its foundation .

Architectural monuments

In addition to the church, a path chapel and a half-timbered barn from 1874 are considered architectural monuments.

See also : List of architectural monuments in Landerzhofen

societies

• Landerzhofen / Attenhofen volunteer fire department
• FSV Landerzhofen / Attenhofen
• Catholic rural youth movement Landerzhofen / Attenhofen

traffic

The state road 2336 leading to Greding or after Litterzhofen . A community road leads to Attenhofen .

literature

• Felix Mader (editor): The art monuments of Middle Franconia. III District Office Hilpoltstein. Munich: R. Oldenbourg Verlag 1929 (reprint 1983), pp. 216-220
• Felix Mader: History of the castle and Oberamt Hirschberg. Eichstätt: Brönner & Daentler 1940, pp. 205–207
• Gerhard Hirschmann: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part of Franconia. Row I, Issue 6. Eichstätt. Beilngries-Eichstätt-Greding. Munich 1959
• Franz Xaver Buchner: The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume I: Eichstätt 1937

Web links

Commons : Landerzhofen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Aerial view of Landerzhofen
• Photo of a Jurassic nobility in Landerzhofen

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Buchner I, p. 393
2. ↑ ^{a b} Mader, Geschichte, p. 205
3. ↑ ^{a b} Buchner I, p. 394
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Mader, Geschichte, p. 207
5. ↑ Hirschmann, p. 29; Buchner I, p. 393
6. ↑ ^{a b} Mader, Geschichte, p. 206
7. ↑ Hirschmann, p. 50
8. ↑ Hirschmann, p. 121
9. ↑ Hirschmann, p. 90
10. ↑ Hirschmann, p. 121; Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia , III. Vol., Ulm 1801, column 261
11. ↑ ^{a b c} Hirschmann, p. 228
12. ↑ Buchner I, p. 399
13. ↑ Hirschmann, pp. 182, 228
14. ↑ ^{a b} Kgl. Statistical Bureau in Munich (edit.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria , Munich 1876, column 1163
15. ↑ ^{a b} List of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria with alphabetical register of places , Munich 1904, Sp. 1224
16. ↑ ^{a b} Official directory for Bavaria. Territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census , Munich 1964, column 796
17. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 482 .
18. ↑ Buchner I, p. 400
19. ↑ Official directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 , Munich 1991, p. 347
20. ↑ Buchner I, pp. 394, 396
21. ↑ Buchner I, p. 396
22. ↑ On the road together. Churches and parishes in the district of Roth and in the city of Schwabach , Schwabach / Roth undated [2000], p. 71; Buchner I, p. 396
23. ↑ Mader, Kunstdenkmäler, p. 220
24. ↑ Buchner I, pp. 398-402