Carl Schrader (astronomer)

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Christmas 1882 in the station of the German Polar Commission in South Georgia, Schrader, Vogel, von den Steinen, Mechaniker Zschau, Engineer Mosthaff, Will, Clauss (from left to right)

Carl Wilhelm Otto Schrader (born January 30, 1852 in Braunschweig , † June 21, 1930 in Berlin ) was a German astronomer and bryologist .

Life

In the fall of 1871, Schrader began studying mathematics, physics and astronomy at the Georg August University in Göttingen and soon became a member of the Georgia Augusta student choir . From 1876 to 1878 he worked as an observer at the observatory of the Hungarian astronomer Miklós Konkoly-Thege in Ógyalla and from 1878 to 1889 as a meteorologist at the observatory in Hamburg . Carl Schrader led the South Polar Expedition of the German Polar Commission 1882/1883, which was carried out in the course of the first International Polar Year on South Georgia at Royal Bay to observe the transit of Venus .

The German expedition left Hamburg on June 3, 1882 and traveled on a passenger ship to Montevideo , where it arrived on July 4. Participants were Carl Schrader as the leader of the expedition, the geographer and astronomer Peter Vogel (1856-1915) as his deputy, the physicist Otto Clauss (1858-1891), Karl von den Steinen as a doctor and zoologist , Hermann Will as a botanist and the painter and engineer Eugen Mosthaff and the mechanic Adolf Zschau. With the corvette S.MS Moltke under captain Johannes Heinrich Pirner, the expedition reached South Georgia on August 20, 1882. After setting up the Moltke-Hafen station on the northeast coast of the island, Captain Pirner left South Georgia with the SMS Moltke . During the following year, climatic and geophysical data were obtained through simultaneous meteorological, magnetic and soil measurements and the north coast was explored. On December 6, 1882 the observation of the transit of Venus in front of the sun took place . The expedition members left the island on September 6, 1883 with the corvette SMS Marie under captain Krokisius and returned to Montevideo.

In 1886/1887 Carl Schrader led an expedition of the German New Guinea Company to New Guinea , in which Max Hollrung took part as a botanist and Carl Schneider as a geologist . After exploring the area around Finschhafen , where Schrader founded a meteorological station, he accompanied the governor of the German New Guinea Company, Georg von Schleinitz , on a trip with the steamer Ottilie (Captain Rasch) up the Sepik to 141 ° 50 'east longitude and 4 ° 16 'south latitude. On April 19, 1886, the Schrader expedition returned to Finschhafen without having fully completed their task of exploring the interior as far as the English border.

Schrader worked on the Kaiserin Augusta River for four months in 1887, particularly in the villages of Tsenap at 4 ° 17 'south latitude and 142 ° 16' east longitude and Malu at 4 ° 12 'south latitude and 142 ° 54' east longitude. In 1887 he explored the Purdy Islands . On his journey, Carl Schrader collected the mosses on which Adalbert Geheeb published his work in 1889: New contributions to the moss flora of New Guinea . From 1889 he was Reichsinspektor for maritime skipper and navigator exams in Berlin. In 1914 Schrader toured the Crimea . In 1923 he retired and Otto Fulst took over his position as Reich inspector .

The Schrader Glacier on South Georgia is named after him.

Fonts

  • Astronomical and geographical location and magnetic observations in Kaiser Wilhelmsland and the Bismarck Archipelago. In: Journal of the Society for Geography in Berlin . 23, 1889, pp. 165-184.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ First portrait gallery of the Astronomical Society (AG), Stockholm 1904, p. 53 (PDF file; 13.52 MB)
  2. ^ Jan-Peter Frahm, Jens Eggers: Lexicon of German-speaking bryologists . Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2001, ISBN 978-3-8311-0986-9 , pp. 470 ( preview in Google Book search).
  3. ^ SV-Zeitung, magazine of the Sondershäuser Association of German Singer Associations and the Association of Alter SVer, Volume 47, Issue No. 6/7, p. 149
  4. ^ EJ Godley: Botany of the Southern Zone - Exploration 1847-1891. Tuatara, Journal of the Biological Society, Vol. 18, No. 2, July 1970, p. 82
  5. ^ A b E. J. Godley: Botany of the Southern Zone - Exploration 1847-1891. Tuatara, Journal of the Biological Society, Vol. 18, No. 2, July 1970, p. 83
  6. ^ Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon (1920), Volume 3, p. 305 Carl Schrader on uni-frankfurt.de
personal data
SURNAME Schrader, Carl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schrader, Carl Wilhelm Otto (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German astronomer and bryologist
DATE OF BIRTH January 30, 1852
PLACE OF BIRTH Braunschweig
DATE OF DEATH June 21, 1930
Place of death Berlin