SMS Marie
.svg){kind=small}
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
||
| Construction data | ||
| Ship type | Smooth-deck corvette | |
| Ship class | Carola class | |
| Builder: |
Reiherstieg shipyard , Hamburg, construction no .: 332 |
|
| Construction designation: | Replacement Vineta | |
| Keel laying : | 1880 | |
| Launch : | August 20, 1881 | |
| Completion: | 1882 | |
| Sister ships: |
SMS Carola SMS Olga SMS Sophie |
|
| Ship dimensions | ||
| Measurement: | 1278 BRT 575 NRT |
|
| Displacement : | Construction: 2147 t Maximum: 2424 t |
|
| Length of the waterline : Length over all: |
L KWL : 70.6 m L overall approx : 76.35 m |
|
| Width: | 12.5 m | |
| Draft : | 4.98 - 6.08 m | |
| Side height : | 6.98 m | |
| Technical specifications | ||
| Boiler system : | 6 coal-fired cylinder boilers | |
| Machinery: | 1 horizontal 3-cylinder double expansion steam engine |
|
| Number of propellers: | 1 double-leaf Ø 4.7 m | |
| Shaft speed: | 98 / min | |
| Drive power: | 2129 PSi | |
| Speed: | 14 kn | |
| Driving range: | 3420 nm at 10 kn | |
| Fuel supply: | 350 tons of coal | |
| Rig | ||
| Rigging : | Barque | |
| Masts: | 3 | |
| Sail area: | 1230 m² | |
| Crew size: | 13 officers and 285 men (including 150 cabin boys) |
|
| Armament | ||
| Sea target guns: | 10 Rk - 15 cm L / 22 (1000 rounds, 50 hm ) 2 Rk - 8.7 cm L / 24 (200 rounds) 2 Sk - 8.8 cm L / 30 10 revolver cannons - 3.7 cm |
|
| Whereabouts | ||
| October 29, 1904: Sale for 116,000 marks. 1909: Demolition in Stettin |
||
SMS Marie was a Glattdeckskorvette of Carola class , the early 1880s for the Imperial Navy was built. It was launched on August 20, 1881 at the Reiherstieg shipyard in Hamburg . She was the third ship in the class, which included three other ships. Like her sister ships SMS Carola , SMS Olga and SMS Sophie , it was named after the wife of the ruler of a German federal state. It was named after Princess Marie von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt , married to Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin since 1868 .
The Carola -class ships were commissioned in the late 1870s to expand the German international cruiser fleet, which at the time was severely outdated. Their main tasks were the station service to safeguard German interests in foreign waters without German bases and in the German colonial empire . Accordingly, the ships were to serve as naval scouts and on extended missions in the overseas areas of interest of the German Empire . The ship's main armament was a battery of ten 15 cm ring cannons and a complete sailing rig to supplement the steam engine that was also available on long missions overseas.
To fulfill her task, Marie completed two long trips abroad, both of which took her around the world.
Technical specifications
With a length of 76.35 meters, a width of 12.5 meters and a draft of 4.98 meters, the Marie displaced 2,160 tons. The crew consisted of 13 officers and 285 men. The drive consisted of a single ship's steam engine with six coal-fired steam boilers , which drove a 2-blade screw propeller. The maximum speed was 14 knots. At 10 knots the range was 3,420 nautical miles . In addition, the Marie was also equipped with a three-mast rig that supplemented the steam engines for longer missions overseas.
In 1904 the ship was equipped with 4 rapid-fire cannons, caliber 15 cm, 8 rapid-fire cannons, caliber 8.8 cm, 2 rapid-fire cannons, caliber 10.5 cm, and 2 rapid-fire cannons, caliber 5 cm.
Mission history
The Marie was intended to replace the outdated corvette SMS Vineta . Reiherstieg AG in Hamburg was commissioned with the construction . It was the first construction contract that the Imperial Navy awarded to Hamburg. The ship was laid down in 1880 . The ship was christened on August 20, 1881, the Hamburg mayor Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer gave the baptismal address. The ship was then equipped and transferred to Wilhelmshaven on September 12 to install the armament. The trial phase of the Marie began in October 1881 and on May 1, 1883 the commissioning followed.
First trip abroad
On May 17, the Marie Wilhelmshaven left for South America to replace the covered corvette Moltke as a station ship. In Rio de Janeiro , the ship hit the German gunboat Albatros on July 9th . Marie then drove on to Punta Arenas in southern Chile , where she met SMS Moltke on August 2nd . Both ships went to South Georgia to pick up the participants of the German expedition, who had been dropped off from Molkte there last year, on the occasion of the first International Polar Year from August 1, 1882 to August 31, 1883. However, the association encountered heavy weather on the way, in which the Marie lost two of her boats and was damaged in the storm. SMS Marie then had to call at Port Stanley in the Falkland Islands for repairs and did not return to their route until August 23. On September 1, she reached the meeting point, the Moltke port, named after the Moltke , in Royal Bay on the east side of the island. There she took up the German contingent and drove back to Montevideo , the starting point of the expedition, from September 6th to September 25th . During the trip to South Georgia and back, Marie tested a registry log apparatus .
On October 10, the Marie left Montevideo and passed the Strait of Magellan into the Pacific . She reached Valparaíso on November 20th to observe the effects of the final phase of the so-called saltpeter war between Peru and Bolivia on the one hand and Chile on the other. After Chile and Peru had signed the Treaty of Ancón on October 20, 1883 , Marie stayed in the region until January 1884 and then undertook a journey along South and Central American ports along the west coast of the continent to Puerto San José in Guatemala . During its stay in Callao , Peru, the ship was ordered on September 17 to go to Samoa in the central Pacific.
Samoa was controversial between the United States , Great Britain and the German Empire at the time , and the three powers tried to increase their influence on the ground. The Maria reached Apia on October 30, 1894 and the German Trading and Plantation Society of the South Sea Islands in Hamburg (DHPG) used her presence to gain control of Samoan assets and police.
SMS Marie stayed in Apia until November 14th and then ran to New Guinea . It was supposed to strengthen the armed forces there in order to secure the German takeover of the later Kaiser-Wilhelmsland on the northeast coast of New Guinea against British objections, which, however, did not take place. On site, she met the gunboat Hyäne and her sister ship, the corvette Elisabeth , who she replaced as a stationary on site. SMS Marie then stayed in Matupi and later crossed off New Ireland , then called Neumecklenburg. On December 26th, SMS Marie came across a reef and ran aground. The crew had to remove a significant amount of weight from the ship before being released three days later. Divers had meanwhile found that the ship was badly damaged. The rudder was broken, the propeller and propeller shaft were inoperative, and their aft compartments were leaking. On January 4, 1885, the Marie ran for repairs in the harbor on the nearby island of Nusa. During the work, a group of twelve men of the crew was sent in a dinghy from the Marie to the island of Mioko , which was then the seat of the DHPG as Neulauenburg , to report the Marie's accident . There the group met the hyena , who went to Nusa to help with the repair. The steamship Samoa also came on February 1st and brought urgently needed provisions. On March 7th, Marie was seaworthy again and began the journey to Australia in the company of a hyena , which she had to tow along the journey. The ships reached Keppel Bay on April 16, where the corvette Stosch was already waiting to tow the Marie to Sydney for further repairs, which lasted from May 6 to September 29 . After being undocked from the dry dock, she drove slowly back to Germany so as not to put any strain on the damaged hull. It arrived in Wilhelmshaven on February 9, 1886, where it was taken out of service for extensive repairs.
Second trip abroad
After the repairs were completed, Marie stayed in the dock until late 1892. She was then put back into service to replace her sister ship Sophie in the permanent cruiser squadron . At that time, the Imperial Navy had stationed gunboats in the German colonies for their protection, while larger warships were either kept in reserve or others were assigned to a permanent cruiser squadron in order to be able to react quickly to crises. From January to March 1893 the Marie was formally subordinate to the permanent cruiser squadron under Rear Admiral Friedrich von Pawelsz . Before the Marie could join the squadron, however, she was ordered again to the coast of South America in response to the Chilean Civil War in 1891. She left Wilhelmshaven on December 17 and arrived at Valparaíso on March 26, 1893 , after having previously called Buenos Aires and Montevideo. The war had already ended by that time, but the German high command determined that the presence of a warship was still required to protect German interests. At this point the cruiser squadron had been disbanded and Marie was now officially sailing independently.
As in 1884, Marie visited ports along the west coast of South America and called at Puerto Montt from January 25th to February 8th, 1894 before sailing around Cape Horn and north towards Brazil . She met the Arcona on February 24th. On March 11, 1894, the ships entered Rio de Janeiro , where insurgent marines put on a coup against Brazilian President Floriano Peixoto . The outbreak of the Revolta da Armada ( revolt of the fleet ) in Brazil prompted the Imperial Navy to send the Marie and the Arcona as well as the Alexandrine there to protect German interests. The three corvettes stayed off Brazil until April, when the ships were dispatched to East Asia via Korea in response to growing tensions between China and Japan . On May 8, 1894, Marie left Rio de Janeiro, but had to stop again in Port Montt in June due to engine problems, which delayed her return to the agreed meeting point with the other two corvettes in Callao on July 12. The three ships remained there until August 15, while in the meantime the first Sino-Japanese war had broken out to protect German interests during the riots that continued in Peru because of Andrés Avelino Cáceres' presidency . The ships then crossed the Pacific and reached Yokohama on September 26th . Marie then went on to the Taku forts alone and then visited other ports in the Yellow Sea .
The ships met again in Chefoo, China, in November 1894 . There, on November 25th, the East Asian Cruiser Division was founded with Arcona as the flagship. The cruiser corvette Irene also arrived there in mid-February 1895 to reinforce the unit. Meanwhile, Japanese forces had landed on the Shantung Peninsula and warships from several European powers were bringing landing forces ashore to protect their nationals in the region. Marie was part of this operation, but was able to take her soldiers back on board on February 12th. Irene's sister ship Princess Wilhelm arrived in June and replaced Marie , who was ordered back to Germany. She stopped in Singapore in mid-June and reached Port Said in June 1895 , from where she was sent on to Morocco on July 21 .
There Marie belonged to a squadron sent to Tangier in July and August 1895 , which was supposed to enforce demands of Berlin with the local authorities for the murder of two German businessmen. She joined the squadron in Tangier on August 8th, which consisted of the coastal armored ship SMS Hagen , the cruiser SMS Kaiserin Augusta and SMS Stosch . On August 20, the Moroccan authorities agreed to a deal and the other three ships departed, leaving Marie behind to make sure the payment was made.
After the matter was resolved at the beginning of September, Marie also left and arrived in Kiel on September 16 . There she was decommissioned before she was assigned to the reserve training unit on April 9, 1897. However, she did not serve in the role as the cost of reactivation was considered too high for her intended role as an artillery training ship. Instead, on October 29, 1904, it was finally deleted from the register, sold in 1909 and broken up in Stettin .
Commanders
| September 1882 | unknown |
| May 1883 - February 1886 | KK Ferdinand Krokisius |
| February 25, 1891 - August 13, 1892 | KK / KzS Hermann Kirchhoff |
| December 1892 - March 1894 | KK Emil Freiherr von Lyncker |
| March 1894 - September 1895 | KK Ernst Credner |
literature
- Hans Hildebrand, Albert Röhr, Hans-Otto Steinmetz: The German warships. A mirror of naval history from 1815 to the present day . Biographies, Volume 6. Hamburg 1985.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lawrence Sondhaus: Preparing for Weltpolitik: German Sea Power Before the Tirpitz Era. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. 2007. ISBN 978-1-55750-745-7 .
- ↑ Analen der Hydrographie and Maritime Meteorologie. United States Naval Institute Proceedings. United States Naval Institute. Volume 10. Issue 1-3. Page 521.1884.
- ↑ Lawrence Sondhaus: Preparing for Weltpolitik: German Sea Power Before the Tirpitz Era. Naval Institute Press. Annapolis. 1997. ISBN 978-1-55750-745-7 . Pages 156-157.
- ↑ Lawrence Sondhaus: Preparing for Weltpolitik: German Sea Power Before the Tirpitz Era. Naval Institute Press. Annapolis. 1997. ISBN 978-1-55750-745-7 .
- ↑ Lawrence Sondhaus: Preparing for Weltpolitik: German Sea Power Before the Tirpitz Era. Naval Institute Press. Annapolis. 1997. Page 155. ISBN 978-1-55750-745-7 .
- ^ Gerhard Wiechmann: The Royal Prussian Navy in Latin America 1851 to 1867. An attempt at German gunboat policy . In: Sandra Carreras, Günther Maihold (Hrsg.): Prussia and Latin America. In the field of tension between commerce, power and culture (Europa-Übersee, Volume 12). Münster 2004, ISBN 3-8258-6306-9 , p. 215.
- ^ "SMS Irene" as "coal eater" in East Asia. In: Fehntjer Kurier. Edition of March 8, 1990 ( online ).
.svg){kind=small}