Carl Sonklar

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Carl Sonklar

Carl Albrecht Sonklar von Innstädten , also Karl Sonklar (* December 2, 1816 in Weißkirchen , Banat , Austrian Empire , † January 10, 1885 in Innsbruck ) was an Austrian military geographer and surveyor and as such one of the developers of the Eastern Alps . Along with Friedrich Simony and Anton von Ruthner, he is one of the pioneers in Alpine research.

Life

From 1839 to 1848 he was an infantry officer in what was then Agram (now Zagreb ), in Graz and Innsbruck and used his stay in Graz to study physics and chemistry at the university there, while from Innsbruck he undertook extensive hikes in the Alps . From 1848 to 1857 he lived as the tutor of Archduke Ludwig Viktor in Schönbrunn and from 1857 to 1872 he taught geography at the Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt . He then retired and lived in Innsbruck until his death in 1885.

Carl Sonklar is the first to climb the Großer Solstein in the Karwendel . It is uncertain whether he was the first to climb Lasörling . The Sonklarspitze ( 3467  m above sea level ) in the Stubai Alps and the " Karl-von-Sonklar-Hütte " of the Taufers section in the Tauferer Tal on the Speikboden in the Zillertal Alps , built in 1876 but fell into disrepair after 1918, were named after him. Julius Payer , who was a pupil of Sonklar, named the Sonklar Glacier in the Greenlandic Suess Land, discovered by the Second German North Pole Expedition , after him.

Works

Map of the Ötztal Glacier from 1860

His first writings were of a purely military nature:

  • About leadership of a barrier guard (1844)
  • Etc over the military administration of the ancient Romans in peace and war . (Innsbruck 1847)

Later he turned to geography and in particular to orography . As a supporter of scientific geography in the sense of Humboldt and Ritter , he endeavored to track down and explain the causes of the phenomena that he was able to observe immediately on his annual trips to the Alps from 1857 (1870 also to Hungary, 1875 to Italy). This resulted in the publications:

His main work at the time, however, was the

  • General orography: The theory of the relief forms of the earth's surface , Vienna, 1873 Google digitized

He published several textbooks on geography and edited the part The orography and topography, hydrography and glaciers (Munich 1879) for the instructions for scientific observation on journeys published by the German and Austrian Alpine Association .

In art literature he tried his hand at one

  • Graphic representation of the history of painting (Vienna 1853).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sonklar and Sonklarspitze at www.becherhaus.com
  2. ↑ AV Yearbook 2004 p. 87
  3. ↑ Anthony K. Higgins: Exploration history and place names of northern East Greenland (= Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 21, 2010), ISBN 978-87-7871-292-9 (English). P. 308 ( PDF ; 12.3 MB).
personal data
SURNAME Oh yes, Carl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sonklar von Innstädten, Carl Albrecht
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian military geographer and surveyor
DATE OF BIRTH December 2, 1816
PLACE OF BIRTH Weißkirchen , Austrian Empire
DATE OF DEATH January 10, 1885
Place of death innsbruck