Clara Stockmeyer

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Clara Maria Stockmeyer (born June 19, 1884 in Ormalingen ; † May 21, 1967 in Zurich ) was a Swiss Germanist who worked for thirty years at the Swiss Idiotikon (“Dictionary of the Swiss German Language”), was active in folklore and was involved in religious and social movement as well as the women's rights movement.

childhood and education

Clara Stockmeyer was the sixth daughter of Immanuel Stockmeyer (1842-1893) and Emilie born Oehri (1848-1923). She first attended primary school in Ormalingen in the Basel region, where her father was a Reformed pastor. After his early death - Clara was only nine years old - the widowed mother moved to Basel in the house "am Mühleberg". The girl went to the free evangelical elementary school, then to Morges in the canton of Vaud for a year of retirement and then attended the pedagogical department of the Basel Daughters School, today's Leonhard grammar school , where she graduated with a teacher’s exam. She then worked for two years as a tutor in Scotland , where she taught the three children of a professor.

When she returned to Switzerland and gained the experience of not being able to do much with small children, she enrolled as a student at the University of Basel . In 1913 she decided to catch up on her Matura, in 1915 she enrolled at the university mentioned above and studied German, French and English. Stockmeyer received his doctorate in 1919 with a thesis on "Social Problems in the Drama of Storms and Dranges".

She was then employed as a vicar at a secondary school for girls in Basel, but lost the position in 1921 because of government austerity measures. The Basel Education Directorate (cantonal Ministry of Education) instead gave her a job at the university library, where a central catalog of all Basel libraries was compiled at the time. From 1924 she worked together with the folklore professor Eduard Hoffmann-Krayer on a folklore bibliography.

Create

Swiss Idioticon

Stockmeyer came to the Swiss Idiotikon in Zurich in 1925 ; She had recommendations from the Basel professors Hoffmann-Krayer - who had worked for the dictionary himself for a few years - and Ernst Tappolet - co-founder of the Glossaire des patois de la Suisse romande . Her first task (as successor to Walter Clauss ) was to relieve editor-in-chief Albert Bachmann ; from 1928 onwards she was involved in the actual editorial work. When, however, in 1934, after Bachmann's death, the new (factual) editor-in-chief Otto Gröger asked the steering committee to name Stockmeyer and her colleague Ida Suter on the title page of the individual deliveries of the dictionary, which was published, the latter rejected the request on the grounds that the two women could derive a right to a better job from this. In 1937, however, when editor Eugen Dieth had to leave his position at the «Idiotikon» for financial reasons and the situation of the dictionary relaxed somewhat, Stockmeyer and Suter were formally accepted into the editorial team.

Large and weighty word families - that is, basic word plus compositions and derivatives - that Stockmeyer ("C. St.") dealt with in volumes X, XI and XII of the "Schweizerischen Idiotikon" were for example Stūchen II (with stūchen ), Stëft / Stift, Stīg (with stīgen ), stëlen, style, pride, trunk, voice (with voices ), mute, (un) gestüem, stān, stūnen, Stund, Stǖr (with stǖren ), stërben, Stĩzen, Stotz (with stotzig ), Stutz (with supports ), Strūss (with strūssen ), Strĩt (with strīten ), strutten / strütten, Strauw, Streuw (with streuwen ), strǟzen, Tǖchel, Tuech, gedigen, plus about Bad-Stuben and the word group of Stubeten (but without their basic word Stub [en] ) as well as the compositions and derivatives of Tǖfel (without the simplex). Stockmeyer thus proved to be a solid pillar of the dictionary, the editing of which under Otto Gröger - in addition to Stockmeyer these were Ida Suter as well as Guntram Saladin , Hans Wanner and Kurt Meyer - had found new stability after decades of constant staff changes.

Even after her retirement in 1955, Stockmeyer remained connected to the "Idiotikon" by continuing to read corrections.

Folklore

Stockmeyer had been interested in folklore since her university days, even if she did not study it herself. Her collaboration with Hoffmann-Krayer was mentioned above. She was able to pursue her interests at the “Schweizerischer Idiotikon”, which combines language and folklore according to an older practice, be it in the writing of the word articles, be it in the inclusion of Gertrud Zurich's large collection “The children's songs of German Switzerland” in the slip material of the dictionary .

With her friend Adèle Stoecklin (1876–1960), the first female Germanist at the University of Basel, Stockmeyer spent at least six summer holidays between 1919 and 1942 to explore the Muotatal , Emmental , various parts of Graubünden , the Zermatt area and the Glarnerland record hundreds of songs. Stoecklin was responsible for the lyrics, Stockmeyer for the melodies. The material was never published, it is still in the Swiss Folk Song Archive at the University of Basel.

Dialect and folk music surveys in Rima

Letter from Giulio Axerio, Rima Valsesia, to the President of the Swiss Alpine Club for the attention of Clara Stockmeyer (Archive of the Swiss Idiotikons, Zurich)

Stock Meyer made it also the task of the highest alemannischen but strong Piedmontese interspersed Walser dialect of the village Rima zuhinderst in the northwestern Italian Sermenzatal to inquire. The motivation for this was undoubtedly both her work on the “Schweizerischer Idiotikon” and her folklore interests. Why she decided on Rima of all places - one of the smallest and most isolated Walser villages - is not known; Perhaps it was inspired by Emil Balmers newspaper reports, who from 1923 onwards collected speech samples and songs in Alagna and Rima. She visited the place at least twice, the first time probably in 1928, and made notes on vocabulary, sound, and word inflection; In addition, she recorded numerous poems and songs, some of which can be traced back to the local dialect poet Pietro Axerio (1827–1905). This collection was never published either, but it has been incorporated into the material and archive of the “Swiss Idiotikons”.

Stockmeyer was also involved in the preparations for the recordings of the phonogram archive of the University of Zurich , which were then carried out in 1929 by Wilhelm Doegen from the Berlin Sound Archive for almost all South Walser communities.

Social and political work

Stockmeyer, born on both his father's and mother's side, came from a good city-Basel home, and grew up in a conservative milieu. In the noughties of the 20th century, however, under the influence of the Basel minster pastor Leonhard Ragaz , she began to be interested in social issues. She later worked on the board of the “Friends of Construction” and thus supported the weekly newspaper of the “New Religious-Social Association” (today “ New Paths ”). She was also active in the “Work and Education” association and on the board of the “Christian-Jewish Working Group”.

For many years she also presided over the “Zurich Association for Women's Suffrage” and was a committed member of the “Women's League for Peace and Freedom”, the “Women and Democracy” association and the “Association of Women Academics”. She did not live to see the introduction of women's suffrage; it was decided in the canton of Zurich three years after her death in 1970 at the federal level in 1971.

Publications

  • Social problems in the drama of Sturm und Drange. A study of the history of literature. Dissertation Univ. Zurich. Geibel, Leipzig 1920; Diesterweg, Frankfurt am Main 1922; Reprinted by Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1974.
  • numerous articles in the Schweizerisches Idiotikon, volumes X, XI and XII (examples are listed above in the text).

swell

Web link

Remarks

  1. ^ According to P. Trautvetter: Clara Stockmeyer, in: Der Aufbau, June 1, 1967, p. 1 as well as the Basel-Stadt State Archives, Sign. PA 509 U 1  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was created automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . According to Karl Gauss : Basilea reformata 1, Basel 1930, p. 146, the father was first a teacher in Schiers , then 1868–1870 pastor in the Neuchâtel Val de Ruz , 1870–1874 pastor in Azmoos and finally 1874–1893 pastor in Ormalingen. In the Basel State Archives there is a poem by the father on the baptism of his daughter: PA 509 U 1 1 poems by Bernhard Daniel Immanuel Stockmeyer-Oeri, 1860–1884 (dossier).  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / query.staatsarchiv.bs.ch  @1@ 2Template: Toter Link / query.staatsarchiv.bs.ch  
  2. ^ Walter Haas: The dictionary of the Swiss German language. Attempt through a national institution. Edited by the editors of the Swiss German dictionary. Huber, Frauenfeld 1981, p. 91.
  3. ↑ Christine Burckhardt-Seebass: From civil customs and costumes. Daughters of Helvetia on ethnological paths. In: take measure, keep measure. Women in Folklore. Edited by Elsbeth Wallnöfer. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2008, p. 171 f. and 182.
  4. ↑ For the dialect see the relevant article in the Alemannic Wikipedia : als: Rimadeutsch .
  5. ↑ Based on the state of research at the time, the reason could be that there have already been studies and / or text transmissions for the dialect of other South Walser towns such as Gressoney , Alagna , Rimella , the Pomatt and Bosco / Gurin , whereas Issime , Macugnaga , Agaro and Saley and Rima are just now to some extent by Karl Bohnenberger's The Dialect of the German Valais in the Heimattal and in the outlying areas . Huber, Frauenfeld 1913 (Contributions to Swiss German Grammar 6).
  6. ↑ Documents in the archive of the “Swiss Idiotikon”.
  7. ↑ Parts of the records that are stored in the archive of the Swiss Idiotikon can be found in the Alemannic Wikipedia, for example as: Pflanzennamen_Rima , as: Tiernamen_Rima and as: Text: Pietro_Axerio .
  8. ↑ These were only published in 1952: Walser dialects in Northern Italy in text and sound. Edited by Fritz Gysling and Rudolf Hotzenköcherle . Huber, Frauenfeld 1952.
personal data
SURNAME Stockmeyer, Clara
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Stockmeyer, Clara Maria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss Germanist and women's rights activist
DATE OF BIRTH June 19, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Ormalingen
DATE OF DEATH May 21, 1967
Place of death Zurich