Heinrich Clauren

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Heinrich Clauren, lithograph by Friedrich Fleischmann after Wilhelm Hensel
Tomb dedicated by Clauren for his mother Karoline Christiane Elisabeth Heun (1743–1776) in the Doberlug monastery church
Sister Charlotte Kanitz in 1791, writer

Heinrich Clauren (born March 20, 1771 in Dobrilugk ( Lausitz ), † August 2, 1854 in Berlin ; actually Johann Gottlieb Samuel Carl Heun (short form mostly Carl Heun , but also other variants)) was a German writer.

Life

Carl Heun was the son of the bailiff and manorial estate owner Johann Carl Heun (1735–98) and his wife Karoline Christiane Elisabeth Heun (1743–1776). Heun devoted himself to writing while still a student. For his literary work he used the pseudonym H. Clauren , an anagram for Carl Heun . Clauren completed his law studies in Göttingen and Leipzig from 1788 to 1790 with a doctorate in law at the University of Leipzig.

Subsequently, he accepted a position as private secretary with Minister Friedrich Anton von Heynitz in Berlin . In 1792 he became secret secretary in a department of the General Directorate of the Prussian state. Some time later he was transferred as an assessor to the mining and steelworks office. In 1800 he received the title of a commissioner .

A year earlier, Clauren married Henriette Breitkopf in Leipzig. With her he had a son.

Heun joined the Freemason Lodge Minerva for the three palms in Leipzig as a student in 1791 . In 1803 he became a member of the Archimedes Masonic Lodge in Altenburg, and in 1805 he helped found the Archimedes Lodge for the Eternal League in Gera, to which he belonged until his death; he also remained an honorary member of Minerva .

In the years 1801 to 1810 he administered the goods of Canon von Treskow in the Polish provinces. At the same time he was a silent partner in a Leipzig bookseller and co-editor of the Jenaer Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung .

In 1810 Clauren returned to Berlin, became court advisor to Karl August von Hardenberg , editor of the field newspaper published in the Prussian headquarters and took part in the 1813/14 campaigns at the headquarters. In 1813 his song was published The King cried and all, all came / Arms courageously in hand , the opening line of which became the winged word. In 1814 he became a Knight of the Iron Cross . In 1815 he attended the Congress of Vienna.

Between 1815 and 1819 he was the Prussian chargé d'affaires in Saxony and in 1820 took over the post of editor-in-chief of the Allgemeine Preußische Staatszeitung . From 1824 he was employed as a Privy Councilor at the General Post Office.

A widower for about nine years, Clauren married Friederike Sophie Hambrauer in Berlin in 1831. With her he had two daughters. He died in Berlin in 1854 as a Privy Councilor at the age of 83. The burial took place in the Trinity Cemetery I in front of the Hallesches Tor . The grave has not been preserved.

family

The Leipzig bookseller and publisher Georg Joachim Göschen was married to Claurens sister Henriette Heun (1765–1850). His second sister, Charlotte Kanitz, married the Protestant bookseller and bibliographer Johann Wilhelm Immanuel Heinsius (1768–1817) in Leipzig in 1792 .

Success as a writer

Clauren's success as a writer began with the short story Mimili (1816), a love story between a German officer who was awarded the Iron Cross and a mountain farmer's daughter in the Bernese Oberland , who became the fashionable romanticization of the Swiss Alps since Jean-Jacques Rousseau's epistle novel Julie or The New Heloise and its inhabitants and how the template describes the struggle of virtue against desire. This made him a favorite of the large reading public and a prolific writer, who in the following years wrote several novels and stories every year. The writings published by August Friedrich Macklot in Stuttgart from 1827 to 1830 alone comprise around 7,200 pages in 80 volumes. In addition, Clauren also wrote a whole series of plays, namely comedies, some of which remained in the stage repertoire for a long time. Translations into other languages ​​also appeared. Under the title The Robber's Tower. A True Adventure ( The Robber's Tower. A true adventure ) appeared in 1828 in the well-known British literary magazine Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, a (very free) translation of the story of Claurens The Robbery Castle . This version is said to have inspired Edgar Allan Poe for his story The Fall of the House of Usher .

Literary criticism

In 1825/1826 - Clauren was meanwhile one of the most widely read German storytellers - a literary scandal broke out when Wilhelm Hauff , as a satirical frontal attack on contemporary trivial literature as a whole, published a novel in the manner of Claurens and under his pseudonym: Der Mann im Mond oder The pull of the heart is the voice of fate . Hauff intensified the attack with the controversial sermon published in 1827 about H. Clauren and the man in the moon , in which he disclosed the intention of his parody to ridicule Clauren and deliberately analyzed the triviality of the contents and the writing style of Clauren.

Heinrich Heine ridiculed Clauren in the 14th chapter of his ideas. The book Le Grand . He called Clauren a "singer of coral lips, swan necks, jumping snow hills, little dinghies, little girls, facial expressions, kisses and assessors". In a (unpublished) draft of this chapter he had written: "Clauren is now so famous in Germany that you will not be admitted to a brothel if you have not read it."

However, this did not harm the success of the attacked with contemporary audiences: until 1834 Clauren published a new volume of his forget-me-nots every year ; a total of 26 volumes. His collection Scherz und Ernst enjoyed almost unrestrained demand and eventually grew to 40 volumes.

plant

literature

Web links

Commons : Heinrich Clauren  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a list of the known variants is given in the name of the German National Library ; accessed January 13, 2018.
  2. ^ Karl Richter:  Clauren, Heinrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 267 f. ( Digitized version ).
  3. ^ Lennhoff / Posner: Internationales Freemaurerlexikon. Unchangeable Reprint of the 1932 edition. Vienna, Munich 1975, Col. 695. WF Kunze: The members of the… Minerva Lodge on the Three Palms… Leipzig 1860, p. 24. Robert Fischer: The Archimedes Masonic Lodge for the Eternal League in Gera. Gera 1904, pp. 203, 216.
  4. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , p. 226.
  5. ↑ Göschenhaus-Journal, edition 1/2015 (January, February and March 2015) , pp. 9-10.
  6. ↑ Gustav Sichelschmidt : Love, Murder and Adventure. A history of German entertainment literature . Haude and Spener, Berlin 1969, p. 120.
  7. ↑ The Robber's Tower. A True Adventure (pdf version)
  8. ↑ Thomas S. Hansen: Arno Schmidt and Poe's German Source for “The Fall of the House of Usher”. In: Bargfelder Bote , Lfg. 115 / June 1987 p. 12ff.
  9. ↑ Gerhard Schulz: The German literature between the French Revolution and the Restoration , Part 2: The Age of the Napoleonic Wars and the Restoration, 1806-1830 . CH Beck, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-406-09399-X , p. 541. Kuno Schumann sees this less clearly: Comment on “The case of the Ascher house” . In: Edgar Allan Poe: Works , Vol. 1: First stories, grotesques, arabesques, detective stories . German by Arno Schmidt and Hans Wollschläger . Walter, Olten 1966, p. 1027.
  10. ^ Heinrich Heine: Historical-critical complete edition of the works . Edited by Manfred Windfuhr ( Düsseldorf Heine edition ). Vol. 6: Letters from Berlin. About Poland. Travel pictures I / II . Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 1973, p. 212.
  11. ^ Heinrich Heine: Historical-critical complete edition of the works . Edited by Manfred Windfuhr. Vol. 6: Letters from Berlin. About Poland. Travel pictures I / II . Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 1973, p. 332.
  12. ↑ Susanne M. Zantop : Kolonialphantasien im vorkolonianen Deutschland (1770-1870) , Erich Schmidt Verlag , 1999, p. 305, ISBN 3-503-04940-1 , accessed on February 15, 2013
  13. ^ Poster of the theater in Düsseldorf from November 26, 1824 , accessed on February 15, 2013
personal data
SURNAME Clauren, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Heun, Johann Gottlieb Samuel Carl (full name); Heun, Carl (common short form)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH March 20, 1771
PLACE OF BIRTH Dobrilugk , Lausitz
DATE OF DEATH August 2, 1854
Place of death Berlin